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Online since: December 2018
Authors: Anongnat Somwangthanaroj, Pollawat Charoeythornkhajhornchai
Introduction
Graphene, a two – dimensional carbon which is the sp2 hybridization allotropic structure, is the great of interest in the recent years.
The peak around 2850 and 2920 cm-1 referred to CH2 stretching and the new peak at 1570 cm-1 was NH bending from NH2 group of aminosilane structure.
The last peak at 1115 cm-1 referred to Si-O structure.
Ruoff, The chemistry of graphene oxide, Chem.
Kong, Graphene networks and their influence on free-volume properties of graphene-epoxidized natural rubber composites with a segregated structure: rheological and positron annihilation studies, Phys.
The peak around 2850 and 2920 cm-1 referred to CH2 stretching and the new peak at 1570 cm-1 was NH bending from NH2 group of aminosilane structure.
The last peak at 1115 cm-1 referred to Si-O structure.
Ruoff, The chemistry of graphene oxide, Chem.
Kong, Graphene networks and their influence on free-volume properties of graphene-epoxidized natural rubber composites with a segregated structure: rheological and positron annihilation studies, Phys.
Online since: June 2025
Authors: Hizba Muhammad Sadida, Gábor Bohács
Based on the above presented models we decided to develop an own model which is more focused on warehousing and by lacking of fixed structure it is more easily adaptable to new technologies and trends.
These models are naturally invariant to the arrangement of graph components and generate node representations through a propagation process that incrementally integrates information from neighboring structures [12–14] .
By providing a structured yet flexible system architecture, the framework acts as a system structure support tool for warehouse operations and related fields.
Dahl, “Neural message passing for quantum chemistry,” 34th Int.
Kohli, “Graph matching networks for learning the similarity of graph structured objects,” 36th Int.
These models are naturally invariant to the arrangement of graph components and generate node representations through a propagation process that incrementally integrates information from neighboring structures [12–14] .
By providing a structured yet flexible system architecture, the framework acts as a system structure support tool for warehouse operations and related fields.
Dahl, “Neural message passing for quantum chemistry,” 34th Int.
Kohli, “Graph matching networks for learning the similarity of graph structured objects,” 36th Int.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Ting Li Lu, Yu Hui Li, Yun Qing Wang, Yu Fan Ma
Natural bone is composed of inorganic compound and organic compounds with the structure of nano scale HAp covered by collagen fiber [7,8].
Ethyl cellulose was provided by Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd.
From SEM, nHAp/Col composite scaffolds exhibited a highly porous structure and the average pore size was about 150 μm (Fig. 1-right).
The interconnective pore structure of the scaffold allows for easy cell seeding and spatially even distribution of transplanted cells.
The inter-connective pore structure of the scaffold allowed for easy cell seeding and spatially even distribution of transplanted cells.
Ethyl cellulose was provided by Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd.
From SEM, nHAp/Col composite scaffolds exhibited a highly porous structure and the average pore size was about 150 μm (Fig. 1-right).
The interconnective pore structure of the scaffold allows for easy cell seeding and spatially even distribution of transplanted cells.
The inter-connective pore structure of the scaffold allowed for easy cell seeding and spatially even distribution of transplanted cells.
Online since: February 2020
Authors: Denis Veselov, Nikolay Volkov, Nazar Zibilyuk, Konstantin Oblov, Boris Podlepetsky, Maya Etrekova, Nikolay Samotaev
The main idea of our developed technological flow based on laser micromilling is wide flexibility in development of MEMS and SMD structures.
Only semi-custom 3D printing type software is especially developed product for laser micromilling system needed for successful development and production of MEMS and SMD structure during our experiments.
Software is needed for translation of CNC code to 4-axis laser micromilling setup and online measuring of geometrical parameters of MEMS and SMD structures for corrections to micromilling procedure during automatic production.
In addition to minimal topological dimensions of microhotplate, operating temperature, heater stability and other parameters characteristic for MEMS structures, the distribution of the temperature field on the heater frame of package and contact pads is very interesting.
Since the heater thickness (20 µm) becomes comparable to the thickness of the Al2O3 supporting structure (40 µm), which increases heat loss through metallization and makes it difficult to apply thick-film materials (the characteristic dimensions of the technology are 100 µm, after which edge effects begin to appear).
Only semi-custom 3D printing type software is especially developed product for laser micromilling system needed for successful development and production of MEMS and SMD structure during our experiments.
Software is needed for translation of CNC code to 4-axis laser micromilling setup and online measuring of geometrical parameters of MEMS and SMD structures for corrections to micromilling procedure during automatic production.
In addition to minimal topological dimensions of microhotplate, operating temperature, heater stability and other parameters characteristic for MEMS structures, the distribution of the temperature field on the heater frame of package and contact pads is very interesting.
Since the heater thickness (20 µm) becomes comparable to the thickness of the Al2O3 supporting structure (40 µm), which increases heat loss through metallization and makes it difficult to apply thick-film materials (the characteristic dimensions of the technology are 100 µm, after which edge effects begin to appear).
Online since: December 2025
Authors: Oksana Myrgorod, Oleksandr Pirohov, Viktoriia Taranenkova, Pavlo Korekian
Romin, Research of the intramolecular interactions and structure in epoxyamine composites with dispersed oxides, Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 6 (12–90) (2017) 4–12
Fire resistance of reinforced concrete and steel structures.
Fire resistance of reinforced concrete and steel structures, 1–166 (2021)
Mirgorod, Thermodynamics of solid-phase exchange reactions limiting the subsolidus structure of the system MgO-Al2O3-FeO-TiO2, In Materials Science Forum.
Issues of Chemistry & Chemical Technology. 2 (2025) 39–44
Fire resistance of reinforced concrete and steel structures.
Fire resistance of reinforced concrete and steel structures, 1–166 (2021)
Mirgorod, Thermodynamics of solid-phase exchange reactions limiting the subsolidus structure of the system MgO-Al2O3-FeO-TiO2, In Materials Science Forum.
Issues of Chemistry & Chemical Technology. 2 (2025) 39–44
Online since: September 2025
Authors: Peter Michael Gammon, Neophytos Lophitis, Marina Antoniou, Arne Benjamin Renz, Kyrylo Melnyk, Qin Ze Cao
These micro-trenches increase the electrical field on super junction structure during voltage blocking and affect the charge balance and the complexity of ion implantation into the sidewalls [14].
One feasible method to reduce the impact of under-cutting on the structure is to increase the thickness of the mask.
Kosugi et al., “First experimental demonstration of SiC super-junction (SJ) structure by multi-epitaxial growth method,” in 2014 IEEE 26th International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices & IC’s (ISPSD), IEEE, Jun. 2014, pp. 346–349. doi: 10.1109/ISPSD.2014.6856047
Wood, “Inductively coupled plasma etching of poly-SiC in SF6 chemistries,” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 947–952, Jul. 2005, doi: 10.1116/1.1913682
Tay, “In situ real-time studies of nickel silicide phase formation,” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 376–383, Mar. 2001, doi: 10.1116/1.1347046
One feasible method to reduce the impact of under-cutting on the structure is to increase the thickness of the mask.
Kosugi et al., “First experimental demonstration of SiC super-junction (SJ) structure by multi-epitaxial growth method,” in 2014 IEEE 26th International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices & IC’s (ISPSD), IEEE, Jun. 2014, pp. 346–349. doi: 10.1109/ISPSD.2014.6856047
Wood, “Inductively coupled plasma etching of poly-SiC in SF6 chemistries,” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 947–952, Jul. 2005, doi: 10.1116/1.1913682
Tay, “In situ real-time studies of nickel silicide phase formation,” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 376–383, Mar. 2001, doi: 10.1116/1.1347046
Online since: March 2016
Authors: Wan Norailiana Wan Ab Rahman, Rodziah Nazlan, Nor Hapishah Abdullah, Idza Riati Ibrahim, Ismayadi Ismail, Zaidan Abdul Wahab, Khamirul Amin Matori, Mansor Hashim, Fadzidah Mohd Idris
The second weight loss (+) corresponded to removal of organic phase like polyvnil alcohol (PVA) and also corresponded to transformation of anatase to rutile structure (7.13%) [6,7].
As the sintering temperature increased the larger grain size would be formed, thus inducing the formation of more crystalline structure.
Hardtl, Defect Chemistry of Donor-Doped and Undoped Strontium Titanate Ceramics between 1000° and 1400°C, J.
Mishra, Effect of thermal annealing on the structure and microstructure of TiO2 thin films, Indian J.
Christopher, Preparation structure and dielectric behaviour of the system Sr1–xLaxTi1–xFexO3 (x ≤0.50), Proc.
As the sintering temperature increased the larger grain size would be formed, thus inducing the formation of more crystalline structure.
Hardtl, Defect Chemistry of Donor-Doped and Undoped Strontium Titanate Ceramics between 1000° and 1400°C, J.
Mishra, Effect of thermal annealing on the structure and microstructure of TiO2 thin films, Indian J.
Christopher, Preparation structure and dielectric behaviour of the system Sr1–xLaxTi1–xFexO3 (x ≤0.50), Proc.
Online since: February 2022
Authors: Alexander Y. Pak, Gennadiy Mamontov, Yuliya Z. Vassilyeva
There are numerous crystal structures of molybdenum carbides, for example, α-MoC, α-Mo2C, β-Mo2C, etc. [2], moreover, the phases α-MoC and β-Mo2C are the most common [3,4].
A number of carbon structures have already been obtained by the non-vacuum method [20, 21].
Li, et al., Current progress of molybdenum carbide-based materials for electrocatalysis: potential electrocatalysts with diverse applications, Materials Today Chemistry 19 (2021) 100411
Wang, Photothermal catalytic CO2 hydrogenation over molybdenum carbides: Crystal structure and photothermocatalytic synergistic effects, J.
Liu, et al., Unique domain structure of two-dimensional α-Mo2C superconducting crystals, Nano Lett. 16 (2016) 4243–4250
A number of carbon structures have already been obtained by the non-vacuum method [20, 21].
Li, et al., Current progress of molybdenum carbide-based materials for electrocatalysis: potential electrocatalysts with diverse applications, Materials Today Chemistry 19 (2021) 100411
Wang, Photothermal catalytic CO2 hydrogenation over molybdenum carbides: Crystal structure and photothermocatalytic synergistic effects, J.
Liu, et al., Unique domain structure of two-dimensional α-Mo2C superconducting crystals, Nano Lett. 16 (2016) 4243–4250
Online since: December 2006
Authors: Joo Sung Kim, Geun Bae Lim, Dong Woo Cho, Seung Jae Lee, Byung Kim, Jin Sang Lee, Sung Won Kim, Min Soo Kim
The problem of
cartilage repair is that a satisfactory and definitive answer has not been found.[1] Successful
cartilage tissue engineering depends on the ability to assemble chondrocytes into a threedimensional
structure.
(A) The 3-D alginate scaffold has porous structure.
The tissue engineering-based reconstitution of cartilage defects mainly depends on the potential of the carrier structure to support transplant integration and chondrocyte function.
Physical structure of sponges may control cell function by regulating the diffusion of nutrients, waste products and cell-cell interactions, whereas sponge surface chemistry indirectly affects cell adhesion, morphology and subsequent cellular activity by controlling adsorption of ions, proteins and other molecules from the culture medium.
This technique allows manufacturing the 3D structure which can have same shape as a wounded body part.
(A) The 3-D alginate scaffold has porous structure.
The tissue engineering-based reconstitution of cartilage defects mainly depends on the potential of the carrier structure to support transplant integration and chondrocyte function.
Physical structure of sponges may control cell function by regulating the diffusion of nutrients, waste products and cell-cell interactions, whereas sponge surface chemistry indirectly affects cell adhesion, morphology and subsequent cellular activity by controlling adsorption of ions, proteins and other molecules from the culture medium.
This technique allows manufacturing the 3D structure which can have same shape as a wounded body part.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Zai Qiang Feng, Zi Dong Wang, Zuo Fei Song, Qiang Song Wang
.
*
To determine tensile properties,samlpes of 80mm total length whose diameter is 10mm was machined,solutionised at 900℃ for 3h and then water quenched.The performance at room temperature is tested on CMT4105 tensile machine.Metallographic structure is observed by way of optical microscope ,the samples are etched in 4%FeCl3 solution.Microstructure is researched by way of LEO1450 scanning electron microscopic.X-Ray diffraction analysis is accomplished on x-ray diffractometer D/MAX-RB.Precipates are observed by way of transmission electron microscope JEM-2010.
3.
Fig. 6 EDS result of black point precipitate Fig. 7 EDS result of white irregular spot Fig. 8 is the XRD results of this alloy.The main diffraction peak of the solution is 42.84º,while the casting is 42.78º.This shows the distance of atomic plane of the solution which meet Bragg’s law is smaller than that of the casting.It is also evident that iron dissolve into matrix copper which change matrix copper lattice structure to less short distance of atomic plane.
Fig. 8 XRD results of the alloy 3.5 TEM observations (a) (b) Fig. 9 TEM morphology of samples :(a) casting;(b) solution; Fig. 9 is bright micrograph of the alloy.It can be seen that there are a large amount of dispersed precipitates within the matrix structure.From the Fig. 9 (a) ,we can see that there are not only fine precipitates whose diameter is approximately 10nm less,but also 50~100nm more .Fig. 9 (b) indicates the state of solution ,it is noted that the mass precipitates whose diameter are 5~20nm show especially “butterfly image contrast” [17, 18] ,where there are a series of paralleled bright line among the black precipitate,this brigt line is vertical to vector .
This contrast shows those nanometer-sized precipitates keep semi-coherent or coherent lattice relationship with the matrix structure,and in an ancient evolution.In Fig. 10 ,SAD pattern with zone axis along [01-1] is exhibited.It shows streaking in <111> directions around the fcc.This implies that,during the early stages of decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution,elastic strains are being generated along <111> directions by the clustering of solute atoms[12].This indicates that presecond phase have already formed in some places of the region under examination.
Corrosion evaluation of traditional and new bronzes for artistic castings.Materials Chemistry and Physics,2006,95:252-259 [6](In Chinese) Qiangsong Wang,Zidong Wang,Jianxin Xie,et al..A Kind of High-pressured Casting Copper alloy.
Fig. 6 EDS result of black point precipitate Fig. 7 EDS result of white irregular spot Fig. 8 is the XRD results of this alloy.The main diffraction peak of the solution is 42.84º,while the casting is 42.78º.This shows the distance of atomic plane of the solution which meet Bragg’s law is smaller than that of the casting.It is also evident that iron dissolve into matrix copper which change matrix copper lattice structure to less short distance of atomic plane.
Fig. 8 XRD results of the alloy 3.5 TEM observations (a) (b) Fig. 9 TEM morphology of samples :(a) casting;(b) solution; Fig. 9 is bright micrograph of the alloy.It can be seen that there are a large amount of dispersed precipitates within the matrix structure.From the Fig. 9 (a) ,we can see that there are not only fine precipitates whose diameter is approximately 10nm less,but also 50~100nm more .Fig. 9 (b) indicates the state of solution ,it is noted that the mass precipitates whose diameter are 5~20nm show especially “butterfly image contrast” [17, 18] ,where there are a series of paralleled bright line among the black precipitate,this brigt line is vertical to vector .
This contrast shows those nanometer-sized precipitates keep semi-coherent or coherent lattice relationship with the matrix structure,and in an ancient evolution.In Fig. 10 ,SAD pattern with zone axis along [01-1] is exhibited.It shows streaking in <111> directions around the fcc.This implies that,during the early stages of decomposition of the supersaturated solid solution,elastic strains are being generated along <111> directions by the clustering of solute atoms[12].This indicates that presecond phase have already formed in some places of the region under examination.
Corrosion evaluation of traditional and new bronzes for artistic castings.Materials Chemistry and Physics,2006,95:252-259 [6](In Chinese) Qiangsong Wang,Zidong Wang,Jianxin Xie,et al..A Kind of High-pressured Casting Copper alloy.