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Fig. 2. a) Atomic level image of a typical wide stacking fault in cryomilled nanocrystalline Al.
The discussions above are on fcc Cu, Al and Ni, which have medium to high stacking fault energy.
Indeed, experimental observations show that Cu, which has much lower stacking fault energy than Al, is much easier to form deformation twins than Al.
Deformation twinning by grain boundary splitting and migration in cryomilled nanocrystalline Al.
El-Danaf, S.R.

Youssef et al. [22] fabricated Al-10Sb cast aluminium alloy–SiC composites.
[2] Ukai S, Harada M, Okada H, Inoue M, Nomura S, Shikakura S, et al.
[22] Youssef YM, El-Sayed MA.
[25] Malaki M, Xu W, Kasar AK, Menezes PL, Dieringa H, Varma RS, et al.
[43] Baranovskis R, Sarma M, Ščepanskis M, Beinerts T, Gaile A, Eckert S, et al.

The microstructure of the magnesium alloy (Mg-6%Al-0.5%Zn-0.14%Mn) was observed by D.R.
Nugmanov et al. (2012) after the grain size was decreased to 8.5 µm by ECAP 12 passes.
Using an SPS technique, Yang Liu Yunzhu Ma et al. (2020) examined the microstructure of 2024 Al/AZ61 Mg powders at a pressure of 10 Mpa.
Excellent mechanical test results for the AE42 alloy using spark plasma sintering technology were obtained by Peter Minárik et al. [26].
El Hadad, Native Oxide Films on AZ31 and AZ61 Commercial Magnesium Alloys – Corrosion Behaviour, Effect on Isothermal Oxidation and Sol–gel Thin Film Formation.

[4] Bagnaninchi P-O, Yang Y, El Haj AJ, Maffulli N.
[10] Bi Y, Ehirchiou D, Kilts TM, Inkson CA, Embree MC, Sonoyama W, et al.
[19] Yin Z, Chen X, Zhu T, Hu J, Song H, Shen W, et al.
[20] Sakabe T, Sakai K, Maeda T, Sunaga A, Furuta N, Schweitzer R, et al.
[26] Kawasaki T, Sumita Y, Egashira K, Ohba S, Kagami H, Tran SD, et al.

Bio-based materials, which are defined as non-alimentary products, totally or partially derived from biodiversity, represent a very promising alternative to traditional materials for two reasons: on the one hand, they have a lower embodied energy (Cornaro et al., 2020; D’Alessandro et al., 2017; Lupíšek et al., 2015) due to their natural origin and, on the other, they present a good hygrothermal (Cérézo, 2005; Chamoin, 2013) behavior including a low thermal conductivity, which helps to reduce thermal losses and, therefore, energy consumption (Ahmad et al., 2020; Mnasri et al., 2020).
In this paper, the acoustic behavior of hemp shiv and sunflower pith composites, bio-based materials that have already been studied in previous works (Abbas et al., 2020, 2021, 2019), is analyzed.
The moisture buffering value (MBV) was determined following the NordTest protocol (Rode et al., 2005), during which the temperature was established at 23°C.
This inversion of the performance between pith and pith composite was also observed for thermal conductivity in (Abbas et al., 2020).
A., Lahoucine, O., & El Ganaoui, M. (2020).

Abushaban1,a*, Kussai Alraini2,b, Waleed Zeiada3,c, Ghazi Al-Khateeb4,d and Helal Ezzat5,e 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE 2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE 3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE Department of Public works, College of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt. 4Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Egypt. 5Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
Studies such as Chen et al. [3] have reported similar improvements when using HDPE, thus supporting the findings in this study.
Al-Khateeb, "Investigating the Effect of Polyethylene Terephthalate Recycled from Waste Plastics bottles on Asphalt Binder Under UAE's Climate Conditions," 2022 Adv.
El-Badawy, A.
Al Hazmi, and M.

Armii Krajowej 19, PL-42-200, Poland 5 Institute of Physics, Jan Dlugosz University, Al.
Recently, Kodama et al. [7] proposed a disordered surface spin structure model to illustrate the low saturation magnetization of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles and Mamiya et al. [8] showed that the low saturation magnetization of iron nitride ε-Fe3N nanoparticles is due to dipolar inter-particle interactions.
In addition, Tang et al. [9] derived an empirical relation for size-dependent nature of saturation magnetization for a core-shell structure of magnetic nanoparticles.
Similarly, Nikolaev et al. [10] proposed a model for depression of the Curie temperature (Eq. 18).
Lu, E.L.

Thampi et al. [34] investigated photo-methanation of CO2 over Ru-loaded TiO2 in the gas phase.
Hirano et al. [35] reported photocatalytic CO2 reduction in aqueous phase TiO2 suspension mixed with copper powder.
Wu et al. [43] to photocatalytically reduced CO2 under a Hg lamp with a wavelength 365 nm.
This phenomenon was also shown by Tseng et al. [50].
Wang et el. [52] incorporated Pt in to the commercial P25 TiO2 by wet impregnation methods and then mixed two different CdSe quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles (2.5 and 6 nm diameter).

Putten et al. [26] produced geopolymer with blast furnace slag, silica fume, fly ash, actigel bentonite and sand.
Ting et al. [29] explored the use of recycled glass as fine aggregates.
Also with a fine aggregate, Ma et al. [30] developed a mortar with copper mining waste.
Figure 1 – (a) Prototype of the panel façade developed by Sarakinioti et al. [31] and (b) Protoype of the wall of mineral wool and polyurethane foam developed by Kaszynka et al. [32].
El-Sayegh, L.

[11] Bonil Koo et al, Hollow Iron Oxide Nano Particles for Application in Lithium Batteries, Nano Letters, 12[5] (2012) 2429-35
[19] Vasant Naidu et al., Magnetic properties of Nickel, Samarium doped Zinc Ferrite, International Journal of Computer Applications, 24[2] (2011) 18-22
[21] C.Kailasanathan et al., Structure and Properties of Titania Reinforced Nano-Hydroxypatite/Gelatin Bio-Composites for Bone Graft Materials, Ceramics International, 38(1) (2012) 571-9
[34] A.A.Sattar, H.M.El-Sayed et al., Effect of Manganese Substitution on the Magnetic Properties of Nickel-Zinc Ferrite, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 14[1] (2005) 99-103 [35] M.Penchal Reddy, Structural ,Magnetic and Electrical Properties of NiCuZn Ferrites Prepared by Microwave Sintering Method Suitable for MLCI Application, Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 71 (2010) 1373-80
[42] Mahindrakar Rohini et al., Electrical and Dielectric Properties of Zirconium doped Nickel-Zinc Ferrite, Journal of Physics, 1[1] (2010) 14-9 [43] Vasant Naidu et al., Mg Sm Ferrite for Nano Structured E-Shaped Patch Antenna Studies International Journal of Computer Applications, 30[5] (2011) 45-50 [44] S.K.A.Ahmad Kandu Sahib et al., Sm- Gd Doped Magnesium Ferrite for E-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna, International Journal of Computer Applications, 35[4] (2011)