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Online since: November 2005
Authors: Nobusuke Hattori, Cong Ling Zhou, Shinichi Nishida, Wen Xian Sun
Table 1 Chemical composition, mass% Table 2 Mechanical properties
C Si Mn P S
0.73 0.27 0.75 0.018 0.014
σ0.2, [MPa] σB, [MPa] RA, [%] EL, [%]
527 918 26.8 11.4
Table 3 Symbol and temperature of ion nitriding
Symbol T, [°C] D, [µm]
S1, N1 550 17-20
S1* 550 8-10
S2, N2 500 17-20
T: Temperature of nitriding, D: Depth of compound layer
20 20 20
60
φ8
R12
φ5
20 20 20
60
φ8
R12
d
ρ
60°
t
C0.5
φ6
Fig. 1 Shape and dimensions of smooth and notched specimen for fatigue test
Fig. 2 The process of ion nitriding
Method.
Kreft et al. [6] conducted in-situ measurements of residual stresses during nitriding and cooling and found that due to a thermal misfit by different thermal expansion coefficient between the compound layer and the metallic matrix.
Kreft et al. [6] conducted in-situ measurements of residual stresses during nitriding and cooling and found that due to a thermal misfit by different thermal expansion coefficient between the compound layer and the metallic matrix.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Matti Lindroos, Veli Tapani Kuokkala, Arto Lehtovaara, Päivi Kivikytö-Reponen
The increase in the local hardness values suggests that the formation of deformation twins increases during dynamic compression, but the density of the twins also depends on the crystal orientation, as suggested for example by Karaman et al. [6].
El-Mahallawi, R.
El-Mahallawi, R.
Online since: September 2012
Authors: Anshul Agrawal, Paul D. Calvert, Michael Lee, Yong Kim
Power conversion characteristics of the OPV wire and OPV fabric devices
Photovoltaic Parameters
Organic Photovoltaic wire
Plain PV Fabric
Twill Fabric
5 harness Sateen Fabric
Pin, mW
31.0
131
128.1
127.5
Voc, V
0.31
1.10
1.10
1.10
Isc, mA
2.30
0.89
1.48
1.49
Jsc, mA/cm2
7.43
0.68
1.15
1.17
Vmax, V
0.17
0.59
0.51
0.55
Imax, mA
1.72
0.52
0.71
0.74
Jmax, mA/cm2
5.57
0.4
0.55
0.58
Pmax, mW
0.29
0.31
0.36
0.41
Efficiency, %
0.96
0.23
0.28
0.32
Fill Factor
0.41
0.31
0.22
0.25
From Table 4 we can see that the efficiency of organic photovoltaic wire is around 0.96% as compared to 3.0% for same fiber reported by Lee et al [5].
Lee at el reported 3.0% efficiency for freshly prepared organic photovoltaic wire, but the organic photovoltaic wire we tested is already 1 year old and though we put the organic photovoltaic wire in desiccators in order to protect them from varying environmental conditions, they still degraded fairly.
Lee at el reported 3.0% efficiency for freshly prepared organic photovoltaic wire, but the organic photovoltaic wire we tested is already 1 year old and though we put the organic photovoltaic wire in desiccators in order to protect them from varying environmental conditions, they still degraded fairly.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Ming Yun Luo, Hui Chen
Soil organic matter measure with concentrated sulfuric acid --- potassium dichromate oxidation;Soil organic carbon determinate by the elemental analyzer (vario el, Germany), The soil entire nitrogen element analyzer determines with Flash the EAI112; Soil available nitrogen content determinate by alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method (1 mol·L-1 NaOH,40 ° C, 24h); Soil fast-acting N decides by the Kelvin; Soil available P extract by hydrochloric acid --- argon fluoride; Soil fast-acting K extract by the ammonium acetate.
2.4 Data Analysis
Analysing influence of cotton varieties for soil properties with two class mean of DPS (DPS 9.05 Tang Qiyi), and draw a histogram with origin 7.5, and significant difference between levels is set to P<0.05.
Eco, 13 (4):491~494 (in Chinese) [22] Sun C - X et al.2006,Changes of nutrients in soil of transgenic Bt crops.
Eco, 13 (4):491~494 (in Chinese) [22] Sun C - X et al.2006,Changes of nutrients in soil of transgenic Bt crops.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Chun Yang, Shi Qi Cui, Jun Li Lv, Jian Dong Sun
D×T
d×t
gl
gt
el
et
θ
Φ
ultimate capacity of
(mm×mm)
(mm×mm)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
(°)
(°)
joints (kN)
KK-M6
355×10
168×6
24
-10
0
0
58
54
923
DKS-55
139.7×6.3
76.1×4
32.1
-7.3
0
0
45
60
279
DKS-63
139.7×4
76.1×4
32.1
-7.3
0
0
45
60
110
Table2 Steel pipe material test result
steel pipe size
average yield strength
fy(N/mm2)
average tensile strength
fu(N/mm2)
fy/fu
average elongation
(%)
Φ355×10
370
571
0.65
26.0
Φ168×6
352
548
0.64
27.5
Φ139.7×6.3
342
479
0.71
/
Φ139.7×4
320
448
0.71
/
Φ76.1×4
300
430
0.70
/
Numerical Simulation on Test Joint
Fig.1 Multi-planar KK-OPOv joint analysis mode
Nc
Nc
Nc
Nt
Finite-element Analysis Mode.
Kurobane, K Ochi, et al.
Kurobane, K Ochi, et al.