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Performance of Waste Cooking Oil in Asphalt Binder Modification Wan Nur Aifa Wan Azahar1,a, Mastura Bujang1,b, Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya1,3c*, Mohd Rosli Hainin1,d, Norzita Ngadi2,e and Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah3,f 1Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 5 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia 3Centre of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology, School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Malaysia aaifazhr_1906@yahoo.com, bmasturabujang88@gmail.com, c*ramadhansyah@utm.my, dmrosli@utm.my, enorzita@utm.my, fmustafa_albakri@unimap.edu.my Keywords: Waste cooking oil (WCO), acid value, water content, quality measurement, bitumen Abstract.
El-Fadel and R.

To distinguish which of the two is more “appropriate,” we apply the second step of our approach in Section 6 by using a multiple-goodness-of-fit modeling selection process due to Fong, et al. [17] involving 64 candidate distributions.
(1) Let a set of sample data be given by (y1 , y2 , . . . , yn ), and let and s denote the sample mean and the sample standard deviation, respectively (see, e.g., Nelson, et al. [20, p. 18, and p. 22]).
For n = 10, we find from a table of t distribution values in Nelson, et al. [20, p. 444, Table B2] that t (1- g; n- 1) equals 1.833 at confidence level g = 95 %, and 2.821 at g = 99 %.
The new approach proposed in this paper echoes the recent investigations of Orlovskaja, et al. [71], Curtis and Jiszezyk [72], Lu, Danzer, and Fischer [73], and Nakamura, et al. [74].
Rehm and E.L.

Zhu et al. [56] reported the presence of magnetite peak in nZVI and concluded due to oxidation-reduction reaction, Fe0 can be oxidized to iron oxides.
Xiao et al. [68] demonstrate two broad peaks at 2θ of 22°-24° and 43°-44° related to amorphous carbon for activated carbon.
According to Giles et al. [72], the adsorption of Cr with nZVI was categorized into class S.
El Samrani, B.
Kanel, , et al., Removal of arsenic (III) from groundwater by nanoscale zero-valent iron.

Bharat et al. reported calix[4]resorcinarene polyhydrazide (CPH) protected fluorescent silver nanoparticles (AgNps) for a selective sensor of Fe(III) [8], Keyur et al. reported calix[4]pyrrole octahydrazide (CPOH) capped silver nanoparticles for a selective sensor of Hg(II) [28], Bharat et al. prepared calix[4]resorcinarene polyhydrazide (CPH) capped silver and gold nanoparticles which can be used as a selective sensor for bio-molecules like L-Dopa and histidine accordingly [29].
Sharif et al. reported Isoniazid capped silver nanoparticles for selective sensors of chromium [31].
El‐Shekheby, A.H.
Al‐Kady, E.Z.M.
Al-Dhabi, A.

The findings obtained by Fernandez et al. [37] partially support the view advocated by Arάn-Ais et al.
[6] Liu X, Wang KK, Zhou LM, Pu HK, Zhang T, Jia J, et al.
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C., Henglein, A., El-Sayed, M.

Lee et al., Floating offshore wind turbines: Tension-leg platform and Taught-leg nuoy concept supporting 3-5 MW wind turbines, EWEC, Poland, 2010
Bulder, M.T. van Hees et al., Study to feasibility of and boundary conditions for floating offshore wind turbines, Report 2002-CMC-R43, ECN, MARIN, MSC, TNO, TUD, 2002
NREL/EL-500-38230, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 2005

Chow[1] using the Laplace transform method, made study of the orthogonal dynamic response of laminated plates; Chow[3] once used the Laplace Transforms to explore orthogonal dynamic response of laminated plates; Wang et al[4], applied the method of characteristics to the laminate in the symmetric orthogonal;Reddy[5-6] based on Mindhn-Reissner plate theory, discussed the transient response problem without considering the damping of laminates; Mallikaruna et al[7] , Kang and their users [8], standing on higher order displacement model, gave transient response analysisof the symmetric and antisymmetric laminated plates In recent years, the research of laminated composite structure of the nonlinear mechanical characteristics has also been in progress. 1987[9], Nath Y at el respectively in detail have studied the the nonlinear dynamic response on Winkler and Pasternak's type elastic foundation orthotropic flat shell.

For individual PANI grains attached to the polymer nanofiber surface, as observed in Fig. 5b, the appearance in AFM phase contrast compares well to SEM observation of Khalifa et al. [19] who have studied electrospun blend composites based on PANI and halloysite nanotubes in a PVDF matrix.
Al-Thani, A review of advances in the preparation and application of polyaniline based thermoset blends and composites, Journal of Polymer Research 27 (2020) 122
El-Hefnaw, S.

Al-Mdallal, (2017), MHD pulsatile flow of engine oil based carbon nanotubes between two concentric cylinders, Results in Physics 7, pp. 57–68 [7] O.D.
EL-Kabeir, M.
Alim, (2015), Entropy generation by nanofluid with variable thermal conductivity and viscosity in a flat plate solar collector, International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology, 7(2), pp. 80-93 [22] N.

Mazaheri et al., (2009) reported that sintering process influences the HA synthesis process and the sintering process aims to produce a good crystal structure [42].
Abdulkareem, Evaluation of Surface Roughness of 316L Stainless Steel Substrate on Nanohydroxyapatite by Electrophoretic Deposition, Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences, 21 (2018) 28-35
El-Atwani, and S.