Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 253-255

Abstract: It is recognized that travel times on a link are temporally correlated with its travel times of previous time periods. Also, the link travel time are spatially correlated by travel times on its neighboring links. Based on such temporal and spatial correlations, a new method is proposed for travel time prediction in urban roads. The proposed method is capable of rapidly predicting the link travel time in the near future. For validation of the proposed method, the temporal and spatial variance-covariance of travel times on related links are employed together with historical travel time data. It is found that the proposed method is able to provide more accurate travel time prediction.

Abstract: With the increasing popularity of route guidance systems, it becomes more important for such highly advanced applications as the cross detection to induce road maps with a higher accuracy. In this paper, we present a novel approach to induce higher-precision maps with the help of the GPS data, mainly identify intersections, curves, and bifurcation junctions. Our approach consists of several successive processing steps: Firstly, try to find out areas where the distribution of GPS feature points is very intensive. Then, analyze the characteristic of the intersections and attach some restrictions to filter out the intersections, curves and bifurcation junctions which meet with our conditions. We also propose this method to improve the efficient of our algorithm. Among the new contributions are a creative method that connects both the TargetRegion_Detect algorithm and the AbnormalPointFilter algorithm which helps us identify the three forms of roads mentioned above and induce road maps with a higher accuracy.

Abstract: Prediction of incident duration is very important in Advanced Intelligent Traffic Incident Management and the accuracy of prediction can provide exact information for travellers. It is widely used in the area of ITS. In this paper, K-Nearest neighbor (KNN) is employed to predict the incident duration, which puts forward a new distance metric and weight determination method. This KNN model is created based on the incident data set collected by DVS-Center for Transport and Navigation, Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Management, the Netherlands. Moreover, a simulation based on Matlab is used for incident duration prediction and optimizing the best k value. Finally, an error analysis is made based on this simulation. As a result, this method (KNN) obtains high accuracy and has a better effect than Bayesian Decision Method-Based Tree Algorithm. So it can be effectively applied to intelligent traffic incident detection and clearance systems.

Abstract: When the highway traffic accident happened, the capacity will decrease, and if the upstream traffic volume was more than the remaining capacity, the traffic jam will happen. The simulation software VISSIM was used to simulate and analyze the highway traffic accident under different number of blocked lane, upstream traffic volume and traffic accident duration. Simulation result shows that, the capacity has something to do with the number of blocked lane, but has nothing to do with the location of traffic accident. The time of biggest delay has something to do with the number of blocked lane and traffic accident duration, but has nothing to do with the upstream traffic volume. The capacity has nothing to do with traffic accident duration. The longer traffic accident duration, the more delay. And the queue length increases when the number of blocked lane, upstream traffic volume and traffic accident duration increase.

Abstract: The method of the robust integral of the sign of the error was used to design the ramp signal for traffic flow system of freeway with uncertaines . Uncertain terms are allowed to be modelled or unmodelled.The unmodelled terms in the model were estimated by there bounded differential . Compared with other ramp metering method, this controller is designed without approximately linearizing the complicated nonlinear model and requiring the upper bound of unmodelled terms known .The control gain is reduced .The method is verified to be robust subject to both external disturbances and unmodelled dynamics ,and to be adaptive to unknown parameters . The numerical example shows good tracking performance .

Abstract: Through analysis the impact of rapid urban road traffic accidents on traffic operations factors. We take the rapid road between the Chang'an Road Interchange and the Yanta Interchange sections as the research target; simulate the traffic incident through the TransModeler software. Propose the best sensor layout spacing, which can rapidly detect the traffic accident when an accident comes out and supply to the traffic management departments to deal with traffic accident, protect the urban freeway traffic flow.

Abstract: As the city’s economic and cultural center, the urban Central Commercial Districts (CCDs) are rapidly developing, which always brings the heavy traffic jam in the city. In this paper, the traffic flow of CCDs was analyzed, and the traffic flow guidance evaluation model was established. Firstly, according to the travel time function, traffic flow was allocated to the road network of the CCDs by the dynamic assignment model, and the heavy-traffic roads were identified. Then, traffic flow guidance measures mainly including forbidding straight, left turn, or right turn were given, and the evaluation model above was applied to select the optimal measure. Finally, with VISSIM simulation software, the model was applied to the Tianjin Binjiangdao CCD, which illustrated that the satisfied guidance measure can be selected effectively.

Abstract: The paper is intended to analyze trucks rear-end accident by applying fishbone diagram and fault tree analysis methods and study the countermeasures. And applying fishbone diagram to analyze the cause of trucks rear-end collision accidents systematically and logically and classify the accidents cause. The paper drew the fault tree of trucks rear-end collision accidents, sought the way of controlling the accidents through least path-set of fault tree, and found the main factors that influence the truck traffic safety according to the result of structure importance level. According to the analysis of the fishbone diagram and fault tree results, the paper researched the preventive measures of truck traffic accidents, and draws up safety checklist to ensure the effective implementation of the measures.

Abstract: Due to the great increase of congestion levels on transportation infrastructures researchers and practitioners have focused on the study of safety performance on road network to identify unsafe locations and assess the effectiveness of different countermeasures introduced at a given site to reduce unacceptable accident risk. Safety performance measures represent an useful tool for evaluating road safety conditions on the basis of objective parameters deducible from the vehicle kinematics. The focus of the present paper is on the assessment of the safety level on two-lane rural highway with a particular attention on rear-end interactions among different pairs of vehicles belonging to the traffic stream. The roadway safety performance study is based on the traffic conflict technique applied to vehicle maneuvers obtained experimentally from a frame by frame analysis of video-taped traffic data. The authors also explored qualitatively the possible relationship between safety level and traffic level of service. This aspect is very important because this kind of roads represents a large part of non-urban highways in many countries.

Abstract: In addition to the benefits of added value, water transport can bring many other economic and social benefits. This paper analyzes the outstanding advantages of waterway transport cost, safety, environmental protection and employment. Combined with added value, the paper has built the evaluation model for water transportation economy and comprehensive social interest and taking Chongqing as examples of the application analysis, the empirical results indicate that the model is feasible and valid.