Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 556-562

Abstract: With the development of nanoscience and technology, its application has been widely used in the sports scientific research, almost involve all fields. This article mainly discusses the characteristics of nanometer technology and its application in the field of sports equipment. On this basis, outlook the application prospect in the field of nanotechnology in sports equipment according to the present situation and the trend in the development of nanotechnology.

Abstract: In order to lay theoretical foundations for preparation of Ga_0.75Al_0.25N photocathodes, research on ternary Ш-V alloys Ga_0.75Al_0.25N are carried on. Using CASTEP software package based on density functional theory within a plane wave ultrasoft pseudo potential scheme, total energies, band structures, density of states, and charge distribution of three different structures of wurtzite Ga_0.75Al_0.25N are calculated. Results show that the structure in which Al atoms in para-positon of interlayer is most stable. Ga_0.75Al_0.25N is semiconductor with direct band gap. The threshold wavelength is 321.8nm which can satisfy the need of preparation of “solar blind” photocathodes.

Abstract: Graphene and its derivatives have become great concern in biomedical fields. Though many investigations about their toxicity have been reported, investigation on the interaction with γ-globulins is lacking. In this work, we studied the effects of the graphene oxide (GO) on the structure of γ-globulins by UV absorption spectra, circular dichroism (CD) and fuorescence spectra. The results showed that GO could alter the secondary structures and conformation. The results obtained in this study provided good insight into understanding the biomedical application of GO in vivo.

Abstract: It is of great significance for corrosion prediction to avoid sudden accident, reduce casualties and environmental damage. This paper introduces the basic methods of corrosion prediction for the materials in natural environment. Firstly, statistical methods of corrosion prediction, including the linear extrapolation prediction method based on the function model and the extrapolation prediction method based on the related model, are showed. Then, some modern and mathematic methods for the corrosion prediction, such as grey forecasting method, prediction method of neural network, prediction method of pattern recognition, have been expounded. Finally, the typical applications in natural environment of those methods have been summarized.

Abstract: carboxymethyl chitosan modified to determine the optimum conditions for desalination pretreatment carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC): the optimal dosage of 8mg / L, turbidity removal efficiency of up to 92.8 %, COD removal rate was 53.25%; on this basis, polysilicon ferric chloride (PFSC) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) for seawater flocculation experiments, the best dosage of carboxymethyl chitosan 2mg / L, polysilicon ferric chloride 0.2mg / L, turbidity of seawater reached 96.6%, COD removal efficiency reached 81.4%; and with a single flocculant for seawater flocculation effect is carried out.

Abstract: A novel micro/nanoporous polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber was prepared by electrospun blend of PAN and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) while removing PVP via in-situ pore-forming method. The morphology of porous PAN nanofibers was observed by FESEM and the results indicated that the nanofibers were porous throughout at the PAN/PVP weight ratio of 1:2.5 and leaching water temperature of 85 ^oC. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the micro/nanoporous PAN nanofibrous mat was 183.1 m²/g. The spectra of ATR-FTIR confirmed that PVP has been leached out by hot water mostly. The novel micro/nanoporous PAN nanofibrous mat with high specific surface area is expected to be used in the fields such as adsorption, ultrafiltration, solid carrier of catalysts, and so on.

Abstract: ZnS semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared by ways from primary materials of ZnCl₂ and Na₂S in water solution. Using the synthesized ZnS NCs, a polyclonal antibody-based ZnS-labelled immunosorbent assay for the determination of estriol (E₃) was developed with atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) as a detector. An immunoaffinity column was applied to testify conjugation between antibody and ZnS NCs. The linear range for determination of estriol is 40.0~600.0 ng.mL^-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 10.0 ng.mL^-1. Some serum samples have been analyzed with satisfactory results which are in good agreement with those obtained using ELISA. This work suggests the potential application of NCs as biological probes and AAS as detector in nonisotopic immunoassay.

Abstract: In bimetallic cluster, research on the frozen structure with the changing concentration plays an important role in exploring new structural materials. This paper studies the freezing processes of (AgCu)₃₀₉ clusters with different Ag concentrations. The results indicated that the structural transformation was strongly related to concentration. It was found that the frozen structures were changed form icosahedron, hcp and fcc-hcp with the change of Ag concentration. The frozen structures were formed icosahedral for the clusters with Ag concentration at 10%, 20%, 30%, and the pure Ag₃₀₉. For the clusters with Ag content at 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%, the frozen structures were formed defect icosahedral. It was also found that the frozen structure have hcp character for the pure Cu₃₀₉ cluster. Meanwhile, the frozen structure of (AgCu)₃₀₉ with 90% Ag concentration was formed fcc-hcp structure. The segregation effects of the Ag-Cu are the key reason for the structural transformation.

Abstract: In this paper, the structural transitions of the rapidly cooled Ni nanomaterial under different pressures were studied by using molecular dynamics simulation. The work gives the structural properties, including the potential energy, pair-correlation function and Honeycutt-Andersen (HA) and Voronoi indices. This pair-correlation function of liquid Ni agrees well with the experimental results. The local structures are characterized by Honeycutt-Andersen (HA) indices and Voronoi tessellation. Our results indicate that with the increasing pressure the Ni nanomaterial transformed from the disordered structure to the ordered structure. The icosahedral and defect icosahedral decrease, the hcp-like structure increased at 300 K. These phenomena were shown that the crystalline state is hcp-like local structure.

Abstract: Carbon dots are novel fluorescent nanomaterials which have easy to preparation. They have good stability, low toxicity, environment-friendly and are widely used in biological imaging, biomedical, and biochemical analysis, metal reduction, fluorescence probe and optoelectronic devices. This paper summarized several new methods for the detection of metal ions with carbon dots.