Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 584-586

Abstract: Today, the global ecological environment is deteriorating and building's impact on the environment is more and more noticed by people. This paper introduces a environmental cost analysis method. It can effectively convert emissions of pollutants into environmental cost, and reflects environmental performance from the economic point of view. This paper take global warming as study represent of the environmental problems, and take rural houses’ wall of Harbin as research objects, analyzing emissions of the four wall structures in their whole life cycles, namely the traditional 490mm thick solid clay bricks wall, EPS exterior insulation composite wall, EPS sandwich insulation composite wall and straw brick wall. Results show that environmental cost of straw brick wall is lowest in whole life cycle, and environmental impact is the smallest.

Abstract: By applying noise insertion loss predicting model of the noise barriers, influencing factors on insertion loss of the sound barrier are investigated for achieving the significant attenuation effects. In term of the infinite line sound source and the finite length of the barriers, the sound insertion losses with varying parameters are calculated and compared. Finally, the meaningful results indicate that the economic and reasonable height and length of the noise barrier are gained to be beneficial for barrier design.

Abstract: With the increasing height of buildings, cleaning the glass of high-rise residential buildings represents a lot of potential safety hazards. The difficulty for households to clean their windows has become a concern for everyone. To solve the problem fundamentally, we need to start from the architectural design and make technical improvements to the traditional practices. This paper raises specific measures on this subject and discusses the possibilities of these measures.

Abstract: Under the instruction of a comprehensive theory, this article elaborates some elements in decision on urban environment color such as the systematic nature, its purpose, coordination and economic consideration so as to prove the importance of such decision as a core on the basis of some disputable cases.

Abstract: The barrier-free environment is the guarantee for the vulnerable groups such as the senior citizens and the disabled, which reflects the civilization level of the society. And America and Britain are the most advanced countries which have longer history of barrier-free design. Their barrier-free design laws, regulations and standard system are complete, covering a wide range of security objects and having developed into the universal design or inclusive design stage with their own features. The barrier-free design of China was carried out late and yet within 30 years’ development, China still has made many achievements. However, in terms of scientific research and civil consciousness, the gap to the developed countries is still big. Summarizing the development trend of American and British barrier-free design features, comparison can provide the working direction for the barrier-free design cause of China, namely, the improvement of the researches on barrier-free design, the functions of organizations for the disabled, public participation and regulations enforcement.

Abstract: Based on physiology, psychology and life structure characteristics of the elderly, the corresponding needs of their living space were analyzed firstly. Then public space design principles were put forward considering safety, health, communication, privacy, identifiability, and services as a whole. Finally, classification-design method was developed from four aspects: design for walking space, rest space, activity space and space design in detail according to the investigation results and space design theories.

Abstract: Nowadays, there is an upward trend for the need to the medical institutions considerating the increase of the living standard in society. Our medical institutions have been improved as the development of the medical model and the medical science, in which the function of the space becomes various and shows the consideration for human. It is an important task for the medical institutions to improve the environment in service. The project of the regeneration of the brownfields for the cement plant in Daowai District in Harbin gives direction to the building of the medical rehabilitation mixed-use district .It can provide the user with a better medical environment as the exploration of the physically spatial form of the medical rehabilitation mixed-use district on multiple diseases of the climate in frigid areas. Advocating the participation for the patient in the process of the medical treatment can guarantee the quality of users. Our theme is to provide the patient with the one-stop medical service and satisfy the basic demand in direction, safety, comfort degree and esteem to create a welcome medical environment.

Abstract: Old communities suffer increasing crime rates in China. The original environment layout can not meet the needs of living safety and needs redesign for crime prevention. The theory of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design or CPTED is based on one simple idea that crime results partly from the opportunities presented by physical environment. It is possible to alter the physical environment so that crime is less likely to occur. This paper focuses on CPTED strategies applied to a typical Chinese community for neighborhood renewal. The physical environment problems associated with community crime and fear of crime are first identified. Four distinct ways to implement CPTED strategies are emphasized and discussed in detail individually in the research: community layout, traffic, landscaping and buildings. The paper ends with pending issues and a major lesson that CPTED must be tailored to the specific problems occurring in particular settings.

Abstract: With the upcoming advent of aging society, the special needs of the elderly have become the focus of attention. Guiding information system for urban public environment has become major means to guide the elderly to make correct effective choices. Based upon psychological and physiological characteristics of the aging population, the research has investigated into text, graphics, color and other aspects of guiding information from the angle of applicability, universal and wide applications of universal design. The research has proposed design method of guiding information in public common environment with the method suitable for both the aging population and the general public. Guiding system in public environment is widely applied in different aspect of society and as a medium for the dissemination of information, the system aims in the first place to meet the needs of basic behaviors of people who live, work or travel in cities. Next, with increasing expansion of scales of cities, convenient, effective, orderly and safe guiding system design is of important significance for facilitating public travel and improving social efficiency. On one hand, reasonable guiding system has provided people reliable visible and trustworthy environmental information and psychological basis, making urban environment more orderly. On the other hand, practical and scientific design of public guiding system is an important symbol for national development and progress.^[1]

Abstract: Local climate, materials, technology and the natural environment fully reflected in traditional residence is the local residents continue to try and accumulated practical experience. This paper tries to by the analysis Zhuhai traditional residence in the architectural design, spatial layout, planning and design of the building Shading manner to describe Zhuhai traditional residence specific practices of humid climate adaptation, to make the industry have a comprehensive understanding about the shading measures of Zhuhai traditional residence.