Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 587-589

Abstract: Noise pollution generated by road traffic represents a damage factor for property values when sound pressure levels exceeds normal tolerability limit. In fact, noise emissions over the normal tolerability limit cause a real estate values reduction and lower marketability in terms of willingness to pay by traders. In this study the effects of noise pollution produced by road traffic of Naples Beltway on residential real estate values​​ for a central urban area have been evaluated. These economic effects were evaluated using an econometric analysis of property prices (Land Price Analysis) based on a hedonic price function built through a semiparametric additive model (Penalized Spline Semiparametric Method) and applied to a sample of defined residential real estate market of Naples. In line with indications provided by wide literature examined, for increase of an sound level unit (expressed in dB) it was verified that average depreciation percentage for real estate values ranges from 0,30% (diurnal emissions) to 0,33% (nocturnal emissions).

Abstract: Heavy-load traffic are paid more and more attention. Most of the domestic roads are damaged within life performance. The paper studies and analyses causes of all kinds of damage on overload and points out the measures on the basis of tragic surveys, and provides basis for heavy-load traffic design and diseases treatment.

Abstract: In analyzing the factors of traffic accident, the most important reasons are the influence of people, vehicles, roads, and the environment for traffic accident. Learning how to handle traffic accident normatively and identify the traffic accident correctly, is the important lesson need to be solved urgently. however, the current safety performance technical expertise work for accidental vehicles lack of according with relevant laws and regulations, scientific, adaptable, and workable identification norms. To solve this problem stated previously, this paper studies the technical identification standard of accident vehicles, which mainly introduces the effect, basis, selection of identification items of accidental vehicles safety performance technical identification, the content and demand of the identification process.

Abstract: For positive effect traffic control means imposed on road traffic, collaborative optimization model were established, based on signal timing that can reflect the dynamic relationship between the intersection delay and intersection signal cycle, signal timing each lane including bus lanes, flow change and other parameters, Applying S-Paramics, the model were applied to a typical intersection in Dong Cheng district of Beijing, and regarded average speed and travel time as output. The simulation shows that compared with the single traffic control means, the model can decrease travel time and increase average speed.

Abstract: The paper deals with problems of capacity assessment of intersection with the connection lane on the left of running lane and intersections with traffic light and roundabouts. The paper describes capacity calculations for controlled intersections and roundabouts according to Czech standards and shows comparison of calculated capacity reserves of these types of intersections with reserves determined on intersection with the connection lane on the left of running lane on concrete example with real traffic flow volume values.

Abstract: To explore travel options and travel equilibrium problem in urban traffic, the traditional research mainly focuses on the degree of association & mechanism between the travelers' choice behavior and influence factors. A generalized travel cost model is constructed based on the analysis of the main factors affecting travel behavior in the paper, the Nash equilibrium theory is introduced to analyze the best travel combinations between travel routes and transportation modes during to the travel cost matrix based on generalized travel cost, and Nash equilibrium cost matrix can be get. In this equilibrium condition, the generalized travel cost of each travel route and transportation mode becomes more balanced, which benefit distribution equilibrium; and no operator can obtain higher profits by changing the price strategy unilaterally, which ensure the stability of the cost matrix. The example and conclusion shows that the Nash equilibrium is existed in the analysis of cost in travel choice, and confirms that a better balanced travel can be obtained by adjusting the travel cost.

Abstract: Vehicular flow in highway is inherently complex and development of microscopic models of vehicular flow has been a daunting task for researchers. This paper presents the use of Cellular automata (CA) micro simulation for modeling multi-lane traffic characteristics in highway, as well as considering the average speed difference (ASD) and lane-changing rules (LCR) in the CA model. Firstly, on the base of the Symmetric Two-Lane Cellular Automata (STCA) model, we analyzed the impact on traffic characteristics, through adjusting the maximum speed and lane-changing rules. Secondly, by the micro simulation, the relationships between speed and density in traffic flow were given considering the ASD and the LCR. The simulation results showed that, (a) the more obvious of speed dispersion, the more serious about speed declining, (b) the speed of overall traffic flow slowed down by 163% under extreme conditions, (c) the more reckless of lane-changing rule drivers used, the higher speed of traffic flow can reach.

Abstract: In allusion to the issue that lack in design guidelines of tide lane for traffic engineering facilities, based on the investigation of domestic designs, this paper concludes the lessons of experience from current projects, points out the design principle of tide lane in traffic engineering facilities from the perspective of functional demand, and discusses the design and setting of facilities in detail, which provides the references for the design of tide lane in the traffic engineering facilities.

Abstract: Since the traffic safety of freeway interchange merging sections and the accidents occurred in this areas can not meet the requirement of statistical analysis, this paper employed traffic conflict technique to analyze the safety situation of freeway merging sections. The traffic data of vehicles through the merging sections are collected and analyzed. These data include the vehicle type, speed, time headway and others based on the features of individual vehicle. Then two methodologies are developed, the first is based on time to collision (TTC), which can calculate the rear-end conflict number, while the second is based on post encroachment time (PET), which can calculate the lane-change conflict number. The results show that these surrogate measures can quantitatively describe the rear-end conflict situation and lane-change conflict situation.

Abstract: This paper use the different layout forms of bus lanes as the study subject, useing the micro-simulation tool VISSIM to comparative analysis different layout forms’ passing traffic volume and travel time in the different traffic volume、traffic flow rate conditions. And offer related suggestions of respective forms’ adaptability.