Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1092-1093

Abstract: Through real-time monitoring of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the aquaculture wastewater, the purification effects of EM techniques by applying EM active calcium, Microbial nanoSilica Ball and both of them were studied. The results showed that the purification effect of solid preparation for Microbial nanoSilica Ball was better than that of the liquid preparation for EM active calcium. Moreover, the purification effect with the technological cooperation of Microbial nanoSilica Ball with EM active calcium reached best, indicating that the removal rate of COD, NH₄⁺-N, TN and TP in the aquaculture wastewater was 72.12% , 73.85% , 64.99% and 67.87% respectively.

Abstract: Regard the added soluble chemical oxygen demand value (SCOD), TN, TP, VFA as the evaluation index, study the hydrolysis effect of different ultrasonic intensity of sewage sludge. The results show that: with the energy density of 0.75W/L, 1.5W/L, 3W/L after ultrasonic treatment of sludge, SCOD than the original clay increased a lot. Hydrolysis of five days later, having little difference of SCOD concentration in the sludge, and the 0.75W/L SCOD reached the peak, indicating little sound energy density difference of SCOD in sludge, and the low energy density effected better, while the concentration of TN, TP, VFA were increased with the increase of the energy density.

Abstract: The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are susceptible to microbial degradation, highly efficient, non-toxic, no secondary pollution, etc, and are considered to be the most promising biological polymers. At present, EPS have been considered by many researchers as a potential flocculent for their applications in various water, wastewater and sludge treatment process. They are insoluble organic matter adhesive to the cell surface, and they mainly derive from microbial metabolism and cell autolysis, which are mainly composed of polysaccharides, proteins, extracellular DNA. Based on illustrating content, function and structure composition of EPS, the paper reviews the action mechanism of EPS on flocculation and settlement of activated sludge and those flocculation, settlement and dewatering properties in the sewage treatment system. In addition, it summarizes the development trend and application prospect of EPS, which would provide valuable references for further research and application of EPS.

Abstract: A novel hydrogel was successfully synthesized through doping 4A molecular sieve (4A-MS) into poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) and used for the removal of Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ in the solution. The composite hydrogel all exhibited high sorption capacity (SC) and high elution percentage (EP) for the four above heavy metal ions. Simultaneously, the water uptake (WU) of the hydrogel was dramatically decreased and the mechanical strength of the absorbent hydrogel was improved with increasing 4A-MS content.

Abstract: The case study of membrane technology applied in oily water treatment in petrochemical industry demonstrated that it is also technically feasible in ship oil-water separation in China. Based on the analysis of the membrane technological parameter selection, a practical ship oil-water separator has been designed, which consists of two-stage devices, a preliminary treatment device and a membrane filtration device for advanced treatment. The pore size and the hydrophilicity of the membrane should be decided by the influent oil content; the operating temperature could be the influent temperature; the TMP should be controlled at 0.1-0.2 MPa; the influent oil concentration and flux should be modified by the preliminary treatment device so they are appropriate for the membrane filtration device.

Abstract: This research has investigated the geotechnical properties of abandoned open pits in Thailand’s eastern province of Chachoengsao that could become targets for illegal industrial waste dumping. Out of a total of 11 districts, this research focuses on two districts, i.e. Plaengyao and Panom Sarakarm, due to the proximity to industrial estates and abundance of open pits. The findings reveal a very low permeability rate of Plaengyao’s surface soil, indicating that no open pits should be used as dumping sites as contaminants are captured by and deposited in the surface soil. Clay liner and surface drainage are needed to be considered for Landfills in Plaengyao district. In contrast, the surface soil of Panom Sarakarm district is of high permeability and thereby renders the utilization of open pits environmentally harmful since the dissolved contaminants can leach through the ground and pollute groundwater.

Abstract: In order to study the impact of turning on physicochemical properties, oxygen supply and odor emission during composting, the physicochemical properties, oxygen, odor and volatile organic compounds concentrations before and after turning were investigated. Results showed that turning can accelerate the temperature, density and moisture decrease. Among the four times turning, the first turning influnenced pile temperature, porosity and odor emission deepest which the temperature and density decreased 16.9% and 22.2% respectively after turning than before, while the NH3 and VOCs emission were higher than 115% and 150% respectively than before. However, the forth turning effected moisture change deepest which decreased 6% than before. The other turings didn’t effect pile parameters significantly. Considering energy saving and parameter changes, it’s suggested to reduce the turning frequency. Moeover, proper measures should be adopted to controll odor spread during first turning.

Abstract: The high density and well ordered TiO₂ nanotube array material was successfully application in photocatalytic degradation aniline organic wastewater analog under 254 nm, 300 nm and 365 nm UV irradiation. The results exhibited that the rate of degradation of aniline reached 99% under the concentration of aniline was 0.33 mmol•L^-1, PH=7, intensity of UV irradiation was 254 nm and reaction time was 120 min. The factors that influence the rate of degradation were also investigated.

Abstract: Two cold-tolerant petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria strain named CHD1 and CHD2 were isolated from oil-contaminated soil at cold climate. The isolated strains were able use diesel oil as sole carbon. The petroleum hydrocarbon degradation rate was analyzed using UV-spectrometry-based methods. The results showed that the diesel oil degradation rate of CHD1 and CHD2 were 22% and 25%, respectively.

Abstract: A microwave-induced catalytic removal device was designed and set up for studying removal of hazardous or toxic gas from contaminated air. Catalytic oxidative Removal ratios of several hazardous gases of VOCs, CO and H₂ under microwave field were tested. Results suggested that structure of hazardous gas and catalyst type were main factors affecting the removal efficiency of hazardous gas. Oxidative catalyst contributed to removal of reductive gas. In addition, the flow rate also affected the removal efficiency.