Advanced Materials Research Vols. 1092-1093

Abstract: NaClO is chosen as the best oxygen among Ca (ClO)₂ and ClO₂.The best experimental factors were achieved through the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, according to these factors, the actual wastewater project was verified. The results showed that the removal rate of ammonia-nitrogen was above 90% when the matter amounts rate was 2:7, pH=9 and the react time was 60min. Considering the operation cost, the best reaction parameters were that the matter amounts rate was 2:3, pH=7 and the react time was 30min in the actual wastewater project.

Abstract: Various chemicals increase greatly and new chemicals are constantly emerging with the rapid development of world chemical industry. People make full use of chemicals and produce a large number of chemical waste including toxic and harmful substances. Because the uncontrolled discharge, the environment is worsening. It is the major problem for people to understand the causes and harm of chemical pollution and strengthen environmental protection.

Abstract: Water pollution is a key environmental problem affecting modern day China. Increased human population, agricultural and advanced industrial activities present a complex multiple problems impacting water resource across China. This situation is more pronounced in Tianjing Lake, Tiacang City. Engineered in April 2012, the lake exemplifies severe eutrophication problems. Constructed for recreational uses, the lake plays a vital role in the economic and sociopolitical development of Tiacang City. As a result, the Tianjing Lake water transfer project was carried out in order to improve water quality and alleviate eutrophication. The project considered major field observations that monitored the lake’s nutrients concentrations (TN, TP, NH4, COD Mn) before and after water diversions. Results showed that the effects of water transfer on the overall water quality improvement in the lake seemed heterogeneous. The observed heterogeneity is as a result of the lake’s hydrodynamic conditions influenced by inflow tributaries. However, poor water movement resulting from the lack of outlet to actively expel pollutants may be a key factor compounding the lake’s internal nutrients management. This, however, dictates the engineering of additional flow directions in order to ensure better exchanges and additional nutrients removal through the expulsion via the outlet to improve water quality and sustain ecosystem health. Hence, this study provides useful information necessary to better understand the complex hydrodynamic and mass transport processes in the Tianjing Lake and present a road-map for future management decision-making.

Abstract: The high salinity coking wastewater is a poor biodegradability, extremely complex composition and refractory industrial wastewater after biochemical treatment, which is difficult to achieve reuse standards by conventional processing method. A coking plant used advanced treatment (micro-electrolysis, Fenton) and desalination (electrodialysis, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis) to treat coking wastewater after biochemical treatment. The effluent quality achieved stability and better than the required quality indicators of reclaimed water of “Code for design of industrial recirculation cooling water treatment” (GB50050-2007). The concentrated water was sent to mining company to comprehensive utilization, which achieved near zero emissions.

Abstract: Paper acidification has become a serious problem in the world and deacidification is an effective way to extend the life of the paper documents. This essay introduced the acidification of the paper documents and the regular methods of deacidification at present. It surveyed the deacidification technologies in Europe and America countries and the progress of decacidification research programs in China, and then proposed the opinions on R&D and promotion of paper document acidification technology in China.

Abstract: Fe₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts were prepared by the method of wet impregnation and were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), N₂ adsorption and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), respectively. The activity of Fe₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃ for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of phenol was tested. The effects of the initial pH of the phenolic aqueous solutions and the iron content of Fe₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃ on phenol degradation have been studied. The results indicated that almost total removal of phenol and considerably high reduction of COD for the initial phenol concentration of 100-1000 mg/L were achieved under mild conditions. The leached iron from the catalyst was negligible.

Abstract: Solid waste resource utilization is a important way for sustainable economic development, environmental and ecological protection. Using adsorption and flocculation characteristics of fly ash to preparare fly ash-based inorganic flocculant and use it for treating slime water, make waste fly ash into treasure, not only solve environmental problems, but also has very important theoretical significance and application value.In this study, we use Na₂CO₃ melt to improve acid-soluble activity of fly ash, extract ideally the aluminum and iron silicon as active ingredients in the fly ash. On the basis of the solubilization experiment, we design orthogonal experiment about larger impact several factors on the the flocculant preparation of process: silicon and aluminum element ratio, silicon iron element ratio and curing temperature, the orthogonal experiment results show that the best optimum process conditions is: Si: Al (mole ratio) is 1:0.5, Si: Fe (molar ratio) is 1:0.5, curing temperature is 60°C, curing time is 2 hours. Finally, we use poly silicate aluminum iron flocculants prepared to do flocculation test on slime water, determine the best flocculation conditions is: when we treat slime water which concentration is 8g/L and volume is 250mL, the optimum dosage of polysilicate aluminum iron is 1.3mL, the transmittance gets to 74.2%, the flocculation effect is the best.

Abstract: According to the problems exist in cyclic utilization of washing wastewater, the coagulation tests utilizing ferric trichloride (FeCl3), alums, poly aluminium chloride (PAC) and polyacrylamide (PAM) are studied, respectively. Experimental results show that PAC was much better than the other coagulants in the removal of LAS and chroma as a single coagulant. Cast 2.5mL PAC(10%) into quantitative washing wastewater, the removal rate of LAS and chroma reach 82.5% and 87.8%, respectively. When mix the every two kinds of coagulants, maintaining the same total amount of coagulant to 2.5mL, cast1.0mL PAC(10%) and 1.5mL alum (10%) into washing wastewater ,the removal rate of LAS and chroma reach 84.1% and 90.0%, respectively.

Abstract: H-Sep samples were taken from treating sepiolite with HCl solution. Cu/H-Sep samples were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The samples were characterized using XRF, XRD, and XPS techniques, and their catalytic activities were performed by the SCR of NO with propylene. The results show that the Cu/H-Sep catalyst exhibited the high performance in the C₃H₆-SCR of NO. After investigation by XRD and H₂-TPR, the result showed that there are Cu²⁺/Cu⁺ redox species as a reaction activity center over Cu/H-Sep.

Abstract: The Cd_0.6Zn_0.4S/TiO₂ hierarchical heterostructures were successfully fabricated by combining the electrospinning technology and hydrothermal method. The effect of calcination temperature of TiO₂ on the characteristic and photocatalytic activity of Cd_0.6Zn_0.4S/TiO₂ were investigated. The morphology, crystalinity, composition and band gap of Cd_0.6Zn_0.4S/TiO₂ were characterized. The results indicated the optical absorption and photocataytic properties of Cd_0.6Zn_0.4S/TiO₂ were obviously affected by the TiO₂ calcination temperature. When the calcination temperature was 500°C, the Zn_0.6Cd_0.4S/TiO₂ exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic activity for degradation of RhB under visible light.