Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1096

Abstract: Leaf spot disease pathogen of kushui rose was isolated, purified, morphologically identified and screened for appropriate fungicides through tissue isolation, microscopic observation and growth rate methods. Results showed that the pathogen causing leaf spot disease was Alternaria sp., and for the 7 tested fungicides, difenoconazole and tebuconazole had the best inhibitory effect, the EC50 values were 0.0017 and 0.0041 μg/mL, respectively, followed by zineb, triadimefon, chlorothalonil and thiophanate-methyl, successively, with the EC50 values at 0.0157, 0.0422, 0.5160 and 0.87 μg/mL, respectively, while carbendazim had the worst inhibitory effect with the EC50 value at 1.3089 μg/mL.

Abstract: ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized via a template-free method. The influence of crystallization time was investigated. The obtained samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and FTIR. Results shown that with the ratio of 8 Na₂O : 80 SiO₂ : 2 Al₂O₃ : 2500 H₂O, the crystallization for ZSM-5 began at ca. 9 h. And fine ZSM-5 zeolite (ca. 10~15 μm) could be obtained by crystallizing at 190 °C for 10 h. Further increasing time would lead to the appearance of quartz.

Abstract: Taking glycerol as the plasticizer, through its effect on melting and crystallization of PVA, this paper researches on the plasticizing properties and mechanism of PVA, and provides experimental and theoretical basis for the realization of PVA’s melt processing. Research Methods: Matching samples respectively, mix each sample in an electric high-speed mixer with a mixing temperature of 80 °C. And then, put each sample in a Banbury mixer, mixing for 10 minutes with a rotational speed of 45rm/min. Take out each sample to analyze its characterization and do some tests, including infrared analysis, DSC test, X-ray diffraction test, and rheological curve measurement. Experimental Results: After adding glycerol, there exist two more absorption peaks near the point of 1621cm-1 in the PVA infrared spectrum, and the crystallization peak at 1267cm-1 is decreased gradually. In the DSC chart, when the amount of glycerol increasing to 16.67%, the melting point of PVA is decreased to 212 °C, and its melting range is 191 °C-223 °C. Under this condition, the melting range has been completely separated from the decomposition temperature range. X-ray diffraction shows that glycerol is added no significant effect on the diffraction angle of the PVA, the diffraction peak intensity decreased significantly increases the degree of dispersion. Under the same temperature, with the shear rate increasing, the shear viscosity has a downward trend; as the temperature increases, the shear viscosity and shear stress of the system are gradually decreasing. Conclusion: Glycerol may lower the melting temperature because it can improve the segmental mobility of PVA and reduce the crystalline regions. However, the amount of glycerol should not be too much, or the plasticizing effects will be drastically reduced because of the separation. The research also find that a certain amount of glycerol used alone cannot reduce the decomposition temperature but decrease the melting temperature, which still cannot meet the melt processing conditions. The excessive glycerol can easily be precipitated from PVA, resulting in the product surface being oily and crisp.

Abstract: Adsorption behaviors of pyridine, quinoline and isoquinoline in ZSM-5 and USY zeolites at 773 K were studied by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations. Interaction energy, adsorption isothermal and localization for each adsorbate were obtained. The results show that pyridine and quinoline/isoquinoline molecules have different adsorption behaviors in the zeolite, while quinoline and isoquinoline molecules have similar adsorption behaviors. The maximum interaction energy between quinoline/isoquinoline and zeolite is more negative than that of pyridine and zeolite, which indicates that the quinoline/isoquinoline can be adsorbed more stable than pyridine. But the loadings of pyridine are significantly larger than that of quinoline/isoquinoline at the same pressure. Otherwise, pyridine can be adsorbed on most sites while quinoline/isoquinoline can only enter the large channels or cages. And the adsorption quantities in USY zeolite are much more than the adsorption quantities in ZSM-5 zeolite for each adsorbate.

Abstract: A novel polypropylene strong acid cationic exchange fiber (SACEF) was prepared by sulphonation reaction of polypropylene graft styrene (PP-g-St) fiber. The structure of SACEF was characterized through IR, TG, DTG, EA and SEM testing. The physicochemical properties of PSACEF, including adsorption capacity, adsorption dynamics, water content, and regeneration stability were evaluated. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of SACEF was 4.42 mmol·g^-1. Infrared spectra indicated that hydrogen on the benzene ring was substituted by sulfuric acid group. TG and DTG confirmed that SACEF was more stable under the 250 °C. The adsorption dynamics suggested that the adsorption on SACEF was fast and it nearly reached equilibrium within 1 min. The water content of SACEF was 55%~60%. SACEF showed good regeneration performance. The adsorption capacity was constant after being used many times.

Abstract: Polyhedral oligemeric silsesquioxanes epoxy (POSS-EP) was prepared from 3-glycidyloxy-propyl-trimethoxysilane (KH-560) and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) by hydrolytic condensation. POSS-EP was characterized using fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravity analysis (TGA) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). When the mass ratio of KH-560 and 25wt% TMAH was 20:1 and the temperature of hydrolytic condensation was 80°C, T8 was the majority and certain a mount of T10. The temperature of POSS-EP in weight loss 5wt% and the maximum degradation rate was approximately 200°C. The residual weight for POSS-EP at 800°C was 33.5wt%. After the cotton fabric was treated with 5wt% POSS-EP by using toluene as solvent, its carbon residue was improved 60 times than untreated .

Abstract: A novel fluorine-containing ultraviolet absorber (FBTA) based on the parent molecule 2-(2,4–dihydroxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazol (BTA) was synthesized and characterized by ¹HNMR, FTIR, and MS. UV absorption of FBTA was studied in 10^-4 M dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂), and the results suggested that FBTA possessed similar UV absorption capability with BTA.

Abstract: The components in bio-oil are mainly concluding organic acid, aldehydes and phenolics. As the irregular cracking of the pyrolysis, the products are complex and difficult to separate. A comprehensive concept was presented and the extractions from bio-oil were used for modifying urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin in this study. Characterization by FT-IR and GC-MS indicated that the reaction mechanism. Phenol-oil addition amount and particle boards test were investigated resulted those 10% phenol-oil shows the best properties: viscosity of 73.36 mm/s, solid content of 52.25% and pH of 8.35 and the best pressing condition is 125°C for 5min which produce a 1.23MPa bond strengthen and 1.05 mg/L formaldehyde emission plywood.

Abstract: In order to improve the mechanical properties of HA/PEEK composite, the surface modification of nanosized hydroxyapatite (n-HA) was carried out with silane coupling agent (SCA).The modified particles were produced using different contents of SCA (KH560) and characterized by virtue of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The polyetheretherketone (PEEK) nanocomposite materials reinforced by surface-modified n-HA were successfully prepared and their microstructure and mechanical properties were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Instron IX Material Testing System and Vickers micro-hardness tester. The result of FT-IR indicated that the nanosized HA was coupled with the SCA by a chemical bonding. SEM observation showed that SCA-HA was well-dispersed in PEEK matrix. The results incicated that mechanical strength of SCA-HA/PEEK composite was improved and best at 5 vol.% HA, 3wt.% SCA.Keywords: nanosized hydroxyapatite; Silane couping agent; Polyetheretherketone; Biocomposite; Mechanical propertity

Abstract: Lipase is frequently used for catalyze wide non-natural substrates in order to obtain enantio- and regioselectivie substrates. This study evaluates the stabilities of lipase by immobilization on Eupergit C. The immobilized lipase had improved stability at 60 ^oC for 60 h compared to the free lipase 1 h at 60 ^oC. Immobilization resulted in an increase in pH stability over a range of 7.0 - 9.0 and about 54 days for half-life of storage at 4 ^oC. The tolerance of lipase to organic solvents was also improved by immobilization, and the immobilized lipase showed activating activity when exposed to hydrophobic solvents.