Advanced Materials Research Vols. 287-290

Abstract: The catalysts, 5 wt% Na₂WO₄ -2 wt% Mn on mullites sintered at 1200°C, 1300°C, 1400°C, and 1500 °C, were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method for the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction in a fixed-bed quartz tube reactor. These catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS and BET method. The XRD pattern of Na₂WO₄-Mn/mullite indicated that the main crystal phase of metal oxide was MnWO₄. From the XPS spectra, the results revealed the information on Na, W and Mn species distributed on the catalyst surface. For catalytic activity testing, Na₂WO₄-Mn/mullite sintered at 1300 °C showed the highest C₂ selectivity of 11.4% and Na₂WO₄-Mn/mullite sintered at 1400 °C showed the highest CH₄ conversion of 56.6%.

Abstract: Sixty-one unit adaptive optical system was used to analyze the influence of atmospheric turbulence on laser beam transmission in space laser communication system. From low earth orbit planet to ground station Laser communication system was estimated by means of optical design software. In addition, the compensation results, experimental phenomena and data based on adaptive optics were also analyzed in the paper.

Abstract: In present time, recycled paper from xerographic and laser-printed wastepaper plays an important role as alternatives to paper from virgin pulp because of there good pulp quality and high amount of wastepaper each year. This type of paper is classified as Mixed Office Wastepaper (MOW). The xerographic and laser-printed inks are usually called “toner” that mainly consists of styrene-acrylate copolymer. This work investigated paper recycling by washing deinking processes. Experimental parameters were pulp consistencies, amounts and types of surfactant. The resultant pulp of 1.5%consistency and 0.9 wt% of nonionic surfactant, Triton X-100, is the optimum washing deinking process. The resultant pulps have optical and physical properties closed to non-printed paper. Surfactant concentrations were kept below CMC to provide low ink specks, high brigthness and strength on handsheets. The recycled pulp will be use as a raw material for electrical purpose paper.

Abstract: In present time, recycled paper from xerographic and laser-printed wastepaper plays an important role as alternatives to paper from virgin pulp because of their good pulp quality and high amount of wastepaper each year. This type of paper is classified as Mixed Office Wastepaper (MOW). The xerographic and laser-printed inks are usually called “toner” which its formulation is different from conventional ink. This work aimed to investigate paper recycling by flotation deinking process. The flotation experiments were conducted using SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and Triton X-100 (C₁₄H₂₂O(C₂H₄O)_n). The experimental results demonstrated that ink removal was more efficient with the use of non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) than anionic surfactant (SDS). The efficiency of ink removal was determined by ERIC and the pulp’s brightness. In addition, the quality of de-inked pulps was evaluated by pulp physical properties such as burst strength, tear strength and tensile strength.

Abstract: According to the materials of casing, frame, and cushion, this research aims to investigate the environmental impact assessment of sofas. With reference to this characteristic, this assessment is based on the evaluation model “Eco-indicator 99” of Sima Pro and the results are listed as below: l Regarding sofa materials which are brought about the negative influence to the environment: Sofa casing: polyester fiber > leather > imitation leather > cotton; sofa frame: wood > plastic > metal; sofa cushion: TDI foam > MDI foam. l If we deal with sofa materials by chemical methods, respiratory inorganics are caused from a great quantity of fossil fuels during production and the huge negative influence will result in climate change. l Concerning the waste influence on the environment when sofas are end of life: Sofa casing: To incinerate or landfill polyester fiber is more seriously; sofa frame: To incinerate or landfill wood is more critically; sofa cushion: to incinerate TDI or MDI is more harmfully than to landfill or recycle them. l It will have positive help and decrease garbage if we can recycle sofa waste.

Abstract: Safety evaluation index is a fundamental and key element in composing hydraulic metal structure healthy diagnostic model, however,the determination of weighting of Indexes is closely related to the reasonability and reliability of the whole evaluation result.Based on the safety level, importance and expertise of the main factors on hydraulic metal structure,we also combine integration of AHP method of nine marks and expert evaluation method to determine the weight coefficient of each index, the comprehensive health diagnosis of gates and hoists based on AHP method are first constructed in line with scientific and rational principles .And we use the model to achieve the specific project safety evaluation of hydraulic metal structures, also comparing it with the traditional comparative analysis, proving the comprehensive health diagnosis based on AHP model to be a more scientific, reasonable and reliable one.

Abstract: In this paper, we have finished seepage experiments of natural cores from two different areas. And analyzing the data from experiments, we got the curves of permeability and threshold pressure gradients. We found these curves existed good correlation in logarithmic coordinates. We also found that their threshold pressure gradients are different at the same permeability. Seeking the reason why they were different, we checked the experimental process and also tested natural cores form these two areas with the technology of constant speed mercury injection. We discovered that their micro pore structure of cores are different, which can explain the difference of the threshold pressure gradients. The smaller the pores and throats are, the greater the specific surface area is, the more greatly the fluid flowing were affected by boundary layer, the bigger the threshold pressure gradients are.

Abstract: With the development and popularization of the Internet ,a number of web sites based on Web Server Language and back-end database schema have occurred,and their security becomes more severe.Aiming at the security problems of websites, this paper introduces the attack method--SQL injection,which has the maximum harmfulness to websites,also briefly presents the principle and process of SQL injection, in addition, elaborates and analyzes the detection methods and defensive measures of SQL Injection vulnerability in detail.

Abstract: White phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (WPHOLED) with high efficiency and low driving voltage were achieved by incorporating an electron transport material (3TPYMB) into a hole transport-type host (TCTA) as a mixed-host structure. For electrons, the emitting layer is nearly barrier-free until they reach the region of exciton formation, which keeps the driving voltage low. Therefore, improved the charge carrier balance within the emitting layer and enhanced the power efficiency of device. White PHOLED at a luminance of 1000 cd/m² shown a driving voltage of 4.38 V, luminance efficiency of 36.1 cd/A, and power efficiency of 26.4 lm/W was observed. Furthermore, the power efficiency can be improved to 34.27 lm/W, and luminance efficiency to 46.7 cd/A by attaching a brightness enhancement film (BEF).

Abstract: The optimal clearance formula of piston friction pair for water hydraulic pump was established based on thermal balance principle. Simulations and experimental research were carried out on its influence factors, results show that, a minimum thermal clearance exists in each of the piston friction pair and its initial clearance must be greater than this one, otherwise it will happen to death. Some effective measures can take to reduce the minimum thermal balance clearance as follows: decreasing the piston diameter or swash-plate tilt angle, choosing the appropriate couple material, reducing friction coefficient and fully running-in, etc.