Advanced Materials Research Vols. 383-390

Abstract: This paper investigated the synthesis and characterization of the Cu-antibacterial White Carbon Black modified by electrolyte, surfactant, and organic solvent. The sol-gel method was used to prepare the White Carbon Black carrier. Cu2+ was selected to be the antibacterial ion, and sodium nitrite (electrolyte), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (surfactant), ethanol (organic solvent) was selected to be the modifiers. They were synthesized on the White Carbon Black carrier. These as-synthesized modified antibacterial materials were characterized by inductively coupled plasma, particle size measurement instrument and enumeration tests (Escherichia coli as experimental bacterium). The result showed that the amount of antibacterial ions and bacteriostasis rate of modified Cu-antibacterial White Carbon Black are higher than those of the common Cu-antibacterial White Carbon Black. In addition, the particle sizes of modified samples can be extended down to 7 µm with a narrow size distribution. Other advantages of modified Cu-antibacterial White Carbon Black are short drying time (only 5 min by microwave), good thermal and light stability.

Abstract: This paper investigated the morphological structure and application of the Ag-La-inorganic antibacterial material. The sol-gel method was used to prepare the carrier: White Carbon Black. Silver ion was selected to be the antibacterial ion, and lanthanum nitrate was selected to be the additive. The morphological structure and application of this new inorganic antibacterial material were characterized by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques, energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analysis, antibacterial activity test (Escherichia coli as experimental bacterium) and application experiment. Results showed that the amount of antibacterial ion of the Ag-La-inorganic antibacterial material was higher than that of the general Ag-inorganic antibacterial material. And its bacteriostasis rate was also higher than that of the general Ag-inorganic antibacterial material. Other advantages of this material are its loose and dispersive structure. In addition, this new inorganic antibacterial material showed promising result in rubber.

Abstract: In this study, the zeolites were treated by NaCl and FeCl3 as an active agent, combined with calcination modification. We studied the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and phosphorus (P) removal of the modified zeolites. The results showed that concentration of NaCl and FeCl3 affected NH3-N and P removal of Secondary sewage effluent greatly. The optimal concentrations of NaCl and FeCl3 were 2.0% and 0.4%. At this condition, the NH3-N and P removal rate of zeolites reached the peak. Application experiments revealed that NH3-N removal rate reached 80.9%, P removal rate reached 83.4%, and COD removal rate reached 96.0%, when the dosage of modified zeolites was 3.0g/L and adsorption duration was 2h for Secondary sewage effluent with 6.0mg/L NH3-N concentration and 1.5mg/L P concentration. After the treatment, the NH3-N and P concentration met Reclaimed Water Quality Standards. The adsorption capability of modified zeolites was better when the pH ranged from 3 to 6. The reason of using NaCl+FeCl3 was that Na+ could exchange the NH3-N in the effluent; Fe3+was able to combine with PO43- in the sewage and formed precipitate; and Fe3+ could also oxidize the organic pollutants.

Abstract: The coating was obtained by electroless plating Ni-P nano Al2O3 on AZ91D magnesium alloys under ultrasound wave. The metallographic microscope and micro sclerometer were used to characterize the structures and hardness of coating. The results showed that in the optimal conditions, ultrasonic electroless plating can increase the coating hardness value by 170HV and extend the coating corrosion resistance time by 130s; inorder to reach the same corrosion resistance time or hardness value, the temperature under ultrasonic decreases 20°C than that without ultrasonic wave; ultrasonic wave can improve the deposition rate, refine the grains and inhibit the nano particles to agglomerate.

Abstract: The relations between properties and processing parameters of needle-punched composite geotextiles are tentatively discussed in the paper. In the meantime, a new kind of adhesive bonded composite geotextiles are developed in the laboratory. Then the hydrokenetic properties of the two composite geotextiles are analyzed and compared. The results were got that with the increment of needle-punching density, breaking strength, vertical permeate coefficient and O95 of needle-punched composite geotextiles are all increase, whereas peeling strength decreases. With the rise of needle-punching depth, the breaking strength decreases, but both peeling strength and O95 are increase. Meanwhile, with the rise of bonded area, adhesive bonded composite geotextiles have good permeate property. On the other hand, adhesive bonded composite geotextiles have similar peeling strength compared with needle-punched composite geotextiles, but manifested with better permeability.

Abstract: Canned cycles are predefined machine instructions stored permanently in the machine controller. These are used while writing part program to perform machining operations that are of repetitive nature. Whenever G & M code for these canned cycles appeared in part program, the controller of the machine calls already stored instructions and executes. However all CNC machines may not have facility to run part programs with canned cycles due to lack of computational facilities. The developed utility in this program allows part programmers to write part program using canned cycles and later on convert them in simplified programs to run on the low cost CNC machines. Present work deals with computations required to convert a canned cycle into linear interpolation based on the machining parameters assigned in that canned cycles. Developed code reads the CNC part program and extracts the desired points from presented canned cycles and perform desired geometric computations to converts it into simple part programs with elimination of canned cycles and writes in another text file in the form of a part program. Developed system is user friendly and made available online for users at http://virtualcnc.iiitdmj.ac.in. It implies a web based online client-server architecture which facilitates user to send their own CNC part programs with canned cycles at server site via internet and get the simplified part program which contains only linear interpolation at their end. Therefore the developed utility in this work can also provide an interface/exchange program for part programs between various CNC machines of different make.

Abstract: Stochastic differential equations(SDEs) is fundamental for the modeling in engineering and science. The goal of this paper is study optimal control of the solution a SDE. We consider the optimal control for risky stocks stochastic model with using of the SDE.

Abstract: Car cabin acoustical comfort is one of the main points which may attract the customers to purchase a new vehicle. Basically the noise in passenger car cabin is closely related to generated vibration in the vehicle system. The amount of discomfort depends to magnitude, frequency, direction and also the duration of exposed vibration in the cabin. The comfort of the driving influences driving performance. Generally the vibration is caused by two main sources: engine transmission and interaction between tyre and road surface. In this study the effects of vibration to noise in passenger car cabin were studied. Vehicle acoustical comfort index (VACI) was used to evaluate the noise annoyance level and vibration dose value (VDV) was used to evaluate the vibration level. According to the changes trend of noise and vibration level depending to engine speeds, goal programming model was used to optimise the noise annoyance level in passenger car cabin. At the end of study, a multi objective model successfully built to optimize the noise annoyance levels by looking the required vibration dose value at certain engine speeds. The results of the study might be useful for automotive researchers to provide technical method to optimize acoustical comfort in manufacturing of vehicles.

Abstract: STEP-NC standard contains information on how CNC machine tools can be represented from STEP product data model. STEP-NC is an extension of STEP which is the standard for exchange product model data. This determines the neutral data format for digital information from a product. This paper is to propose an architecture of intelligent controller via multi-agent-based conceptual as the reference architecture. It can be successfully used to create an open CNC on ISO standard of ISO 14649 and ISO 10303. This offers interoperability, portability, and adaptability. The proposed framework consists of four main modules, STEP-NC interface, simulator, data warehouse, and communication. In order to optimize, the controller should incorporate with various technology related to intelligent, such as kernel software, open communication port and open hardware design. The architecture will be implemented in CNC controller and to be tested later on actual milling machine. It will simplify the design of CNC machine controller with the architecture layers responsible for data processing, data storage, execution and feedback. This paper will discuss order towards the requirements for global interoperable manufacturing for real-life machining system.

Abstract: The drive for increased productivity, reduced production time and cost, reduced defective parts and relaxed machine design constraints, pushes for real-time control and optimization for machining operations. This vision can be realized if the current CNC controllers can be adaptable, portable, interoperable and intelligent in responding quickly and efficiently in the product lifecycle domain. In this study, the development of a realization CNC controller enabled machine condition monitoring architecture based on STEP-NC data model to support an automated and intelligent machining environment is introduced. The controller allows canonical machine commands to be executed with a fuzzy feed-rate optimization modul to serve the purpose of allowing in-process optimization to be automatically incorporated during on-going machining operation. This research has shown that it is more prolific to utilize high-level data structure as well as a universal interface for machine execution.