Advanced Materials Research Vols. 393-395

Abstract: Economical and effective oily sludge pyrolysis residue was prepared, characterized with various techniques, and applied in the removal of COD in biologically treated oil-field wastewater. It was found that surface area of oily sludge pyrolysis residue was 223.62 m2 /g. The content of C and Al2O3 was 27.91% and 27.6%, respectively. Oily sludge pyrolysis residue contains carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl and other oxygen-containing acid functional groups. When the adsorption equilibrium time of oily sludge pyrolysis residue was 90min, pH of solution was 4, the best COD adsorption capacity was 59.5 mg/g. Adsorption of oily sludge pyrolysis residue is determined by its structure and composition. The Al2O3 may play a flocculation and sedimentation role in COD removal, which has a synergistic effect on adsorption. The adsorption of COD from biologically treated oil-field wastewater by oily sludge pyrolysis residue follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Abstract: The cellulose micro/nano fibrils of Vetier (Vetiveria zizanioides) were isolated by high intensity ultrasonication in this paper. The basic properties of micro/nano fibrils were evaluated by WAXD and FTIR. The results showed that the relative crystallinity decreased when treated by high intensity ultrasonication. The characteristic absorption peak moved to higher wave number and the type of group increased with increasing the vibration of ultrasonication. The characteristic absorption peak moved to higher wave number with increasing treated time, however, the effect was insignificant.

Abstract: In this article, technology of catalyzed oxidation desulphurization with manganese sand fixed bed was employed to conduct the experiment of catalyzed oxidation desulphurization for unhairing alkali swelling wastewater in leather making, and the catalysts of packings such as manganese sand, dolomite, and coal gangue were used and their performances were compared with each other. The study indicated that the manganese sand has the characteristics of stable and effective process in comparison with several present domestic and foreign catalyzed oxidation methods.

Abstract: The selective hydrogenation of 4,4'-methylenedianiline(MDA) over Ru/γ-Al2O3 was investigated in the presence of diamine and base. Under the optimum conditions: the reaction temperature of 448K, H2 pressure of 1100 psig , and reaction time of 5h, the conversion of 4,4'-methylenedianiline was close to 100% and the selectivity to trans-trans isomer of 4,4'-diamino-dicyclohexy was less than 20%.

Abstract: To derive new starter culture strains with weak post-acidification capacity, Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. bulgaricus LY were screened by natural screening and inducing screening treated with ultraviolet and diethyl sulfate. Then treated strains were inoculated into low pH MRS medium and skim milk at 37°C for 24h, respectively. The mutants that could grow in skim milk but did not grow in low pH MRS medium were selected strains with weak post-acidification capacity. The mutants were preserved and their generation stabilities were tested. The natural screening, diethyl sulfate and ultraviolet treated mutants showed 5.1%, 5.9% and 11.9% lower post-acidification capacity than original strain at 25°C, respectively. The mutants showed genetically stable post-acidification capacity.

Abstract: Ganciclovir (GCV) is only slightly soluble in water and hence oral GCV gives low absolute bioavailability. Liquid precipitation is an effective way to prepare micro-sized drug particles. The solubility of GCV in several solvents or in aqueous solution at different pH values was determined. According to its solubility behavior, reactive precipitation was suggested as the micronization method of GCV. The mean particle diameter of micronized GCV powder was around 15~20 μm, smaller than that of raw GCV powder, and the size distribution of micronized GCV was narrower than that of raw GCV. The stirring rate, the type and addition of stabilizing agents seemed to have no significant effect on the particle size of micronized GCV. Micronized GCV showed much faster dissolution rate than raw GCV.

Abstract: To investigate into the active chemical constituents of Sanrurus chinensis． Repeated silica gel column chromatography was used in the isolation and purification; determination and spectral analysis were adopted to identify the chemical structures． Nineteen chemical compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Saururus chinensis and identified as sauchinone (1),sauchinone A (2), licarin B (3),saucernetin(4), Saucerneol I(5), Kaemferol(6), Kaemferol- 3-O-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)glucopyranoside(7), luteolin(8), quecretin (9), quecretin-7-O-β- D-glueopyranoside (10), quecretin-7-O -α-D-glueopyranoside (11), ursolic acid(12), ellagic acid(13), p-hydroxybenzoic acid(14), gallic acid(15), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (16) , caffeic acid(17), stearic acid (18) and β-sitosterol (19).

Abstract: In order to solve a series of questions on low detonation velocity explosives used in explosion welding which was added into lots of salt, for example hand mixing is heterogeneous, low velocity detonation is unstable, moisture absorption and agglomeration of explosive is easy, ammonium nitrate (AN), wax, diluent, surfactant, gelling agent were mixed into slurry liquid when water temperature was controlled within 105-115°C, and after this liquid was dried, sieved, and cooled at the pressure between -0.07and -0.09Mpa, it can made low detonation velocity explosives used in explosion welding. The microstructure and moisture absorption of the explosive was analyzed, the influence of the charge layout density and thickness on detonation velocity was researched. The results show that each component of the explosives is homogeneous, and is not easy to absorb moisture. When the density is 0.71-0.74g﹒cm-3, the detonation velocity is 2300-2380m﹒s-1,which can satisfy the requirement of explosion welding of mental plate.

Abstract: This paper discussed the effect of different blending ratio with BNR and ACM on the mechanical properties, heat resistance, low temperature resistance and oil resistance of coat-metal sealing gasket. The result showed that the comprehensive properties of the NBR/ACM blends at the ratio of 85/15 were preferable to the NBR and ACM, the low temperature resistance and oil resistance of NBR are taken into account. The cost of the blends were lower than the ACM. The blends can be used for coat-metal sealing gasket instead of NBR.

Abstract: In study, Microwave Irradiation enhanced Fenton-Like Process was introduced as a novel technology in the treatment of Landfill Leachate containing refractory organic matters. The sample leachate with initial COD loading of 11434 ~12067 mg•L−1 was collected from the Laohuchong (Shenyang, China) City Landfill. Fenton (FeSO4/H2O2) and Fenton-like (iron tailings/H2O2) reagents coupling with Microwave Irradiation were both studied. The Microwave Irradiation enhanced Fenton-Like Process was conducted under the optimal conditions as follows: 480W of microwave power, 3 min of radiation time, 3.0 of initial pH, 100mL•L−1 of H2O2 and 2g•L−1 of iron tailings. The removal rates of leachate samples with initial COD =11928 mg•L−1 using 1.5g.L-1 FeSO4 and 2.0g.L-1 iron tailings are 45.1% and 42.3% respectively on the condition of 320W MW radiated for 3 min at room temperature. The highest removal rate of the MW Fenton-Like Process is about 46% under the optimum conditions. It demonstrates the Fenton-Like reagent can be used as a substitution of Fenton reagent in Landfill Leachate applications which has extensive application prospect and extraordinary significance in aspects of resource utilization of waste materials and cost saving.