Advanced Materials Research Vols. 393-395

Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to treat organic pollutants, nitrogen and phosphorus in polluted river water by the use of constructed wetland (CW) systems. A laboratory experiment research was conducted on subsurface flow constructed wetland systems operated in vertical flow (VF) and horizontal flow (HF) mode. The systems were unplanted and hydraulic retention times were identically 2.7 days. The average removal efficiencies for HFCW and VFCW were NH+ 4-N 64.9% and 75.2%, NO- 3-N 92.3% and 40.1%, COD 97.5% and 90.1%, TP 94.6% and 96.2%, respectively. The removal of NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N in the different CW units were in order of VFCW (drained) > VFCW (flooded) > HFCW and HFCW > VFCW (flooded) > VFCW (drained), respectively. When the water level in the VFCW was changed, an obvious fluctuation of the effluent NH+ 4-N and NO- 3-N concentrations was observed.

Abstract: A strain B1 belonging to Pseudomonas aeruginosa with high petroleum-degrading efficiency was isolated from Dagang oil-field wastewater treatment plant. More than 80% petroleum-degrading efficiency was obtained at 32°C, 200 r/min. According to the orthogonal test, the environmental impact factors influencing petroleum-degrading efficiency of the strain were investigated. The optimum environmental conditions for petroleum degradation were as follows: temperature was 40 °C, pH 8.0, oil inoculation 1 mL, nitrogen content 0.05 g. And the biodegradation efficiency of the strain reached 86.1%.

Abstract: A perylenetetracarboxylic diimide derivative, N,N,N′,N′-tetra(hydroxyethyl)-1,7-di (4-tert-butylphenol)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide(THPDI), was synthesized and covalently self-assembled as a monolayer on the modified a quartz surface. UV-vis absorption and IR spectra revealed the H-aggregate nature of THPDI molecules in the obtained thin solid film. With this thin solid film as a template, CdS nanoparticles were deposited on it in situ, which were characterized by electronic absorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The morphology of CdS nanoparticles is disklike, and the diameter is ca. 150 nm as determined by AFM. The present result provides an effective and new method toward directed growth of specific morphologies of the nanoparticles. It is believed helpful for designing and preparing molecular-based nano-electronic and nano-optoelectronic devices with good performance.

Abstract: High filtration efficiency of melt-blown polypropylene nonwoven web used as air filter extremely depends on its elelctret characteristics. In this paper, penetration performance of DEHS(diethyl hexyl sebacate) aerosol while flowing through melt-blown polypropylene electret nonwoven web is studied by the method of aerosol penetration measurement as a function of particle size, and the contribution of mechanical and electrostatic mechanism to its capture ability is proposed. The stability of filtration performance after exposure to DEHS for a period of time is measured and the impact of DEHS and other challenge aerosols with different chemical properties on filtration performance is compared. The results show that the higher filtration efficiency of melt-blown polypropylene electret nonwoven web mainly depends on its high electret charge. Aerosol penetration drops off with the increase of aerosol particle size and decreases in the order of basic weight sequence of 20, 40 and 60 g/m2. The most penetration particle size (MPPS) appears at 0.08 m in diameter. The electret charge of the web was cleared away during the course of exposure to challenge aerosol after 5 minutes. The electriferous property of aerosol particle also influences the filtration performance of polypropylene electret nonwoven web. The electret web displays the best filtration performance for ionized aerosol.

Abstract: The pH value of binary mixtures containing N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim][PF6]) ionic liquids over the range of N,N-dimethylformamide mole fraction from (0.1 to 0.9) and temperature range from (293.15 to 338.15) K were measured. The range of pH values of N,N-dimethylformamide and [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] were from (3.42 to 6.50) and (6.98 to 9.74), respectively. Comparison showed that the pH of N,N-dimethylformamide in the two ionic liquids was in sequence: [Bmim][BF4] < [Bmim][PF6] at the same conditions. The temperature dependency of the pH value was correlated using an empirical equation. The correlations gave satisfactory results.

Abstract: The pH value of binary mixtures containing toluene and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim][PF6]) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF4]) ionic liquids over the range of ionic liquids mole fraction (xIL) from (1.0 to 0.60) and temperature range from (293.15 to 340.65) K were measured. The range of the pH values of toluene and [Bmim][BF4] and [Bmim][PF6] were from (3.16 to 4.63) and (5.57 to 7.55), respectively. Comparison showed that the pH of toluene in the two ionic liquids was in sequence: [Bmim][BF4] < [Bmim][PF6]. The temperature dependency of the pH value was correlated using an empirical equation. The correlations gave satisfactory results.

Abstract: The needles' light dynamic response for net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rates of annual Mongolian Scots pine and the relationship between of its Pn and environmental factors were studied in this paper by using LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. Results show that needles at different positions of the crown have different light response for their net photosynthetic rate. Pn, photosynthetic saturated light intensity (PSLI) and light compensation point (LCP) of needles decreased from upper-crown through mid-crown to lower-crown. It suggests that different light dynamic responses of needles at different positions be related to micro-light environment to which needles acclimated in a long time. Diurnal variation of Pn showed a single peak. It had significantly positive correlation with stomatal conduction (Cond), transpiration rate (Tr) (at 0.01 level) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (at 0.05 level), and significantly negative correlation with the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) (at 0.05 level).

Abstract: In this paper, instead of glass fiber, a bio-fiber (piemarker fiber) was used to reinforce unsaturated polyester (UP). UP resin was reinforced with piemarker fiber (PF) in a mold under hot pressing. The mechanical properties of the result composites were tested and hot pressing procedure was optimized. The optimum hot pressing technology was obtained. When hot pressing temperature was 90°C and mat was hot pressed for 1.5h. The mechanical properties of the composites indicated that: the optimum mass ratio of piemarker fiber to UP was 30:70, at which the flexural strength of the composite was 48.77MPa, the tensile strength was 29.082MPa, and the impact strength was 9.89KJ/m².

Abstract: Lactide polymerization were carried out by using diketiminato iron (II) alkoxide complexes HC(C(CH3)N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2FeOiPr as catalyst. The iron (II) alkoxide complex bearing bulky isopropyl ortho substituents showed moderate activity for the rac-lactide polymerization, and gave the polylactide (PLA) with high molecular weight. In the microstructures of polymers generated with the iron (II) catalyst, no stereoslective polymerization of rac-lactide has been detected. Results have shown that the conversion of lactide depend on the iron complex/monomer feed ratio and the reaction temperature.

Abstract: In order to quantify the positive effects of MSW separate collection to low-carbon development, a method was proposed to estimate the reduction of carbon emission about this initiative. In the estimation process, factors such as waste composition and terminal treatment process have played an important role. The output and composition of MSW in Liuzhou in 2010 were taken as an example in the paper, and sanitary landfill was the main disposal technology there. The reduction of carbon emission was estimated on the assumption that MSW separate collection was carried out well in Liuzhou, of which the result was 3.32×108kg CO2-eq. for the whole year, showing the multiple benefits of separate collection in the social, economic and environmental aspects.