Advanced Materials Research Vols. 550-553

Abstract: Abstract: A cellulose grafted copolymer was synthesized by homogeneous grafting 2-(Dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate (DMAEMA) onto the sugarcane bagasse cellulose under microwave irradiation. Cellulose was dissolved in 1-butyl-3-methylinidazolium chloride ionic liquid ([Bmim]Cl) to form a homogeneous solution. The grafting polymerization was then initiated by potassium persulfate in the presence of N,Nˊ-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker. Compared with the traditional thermal heating method, microwave irradiation had a drastic reduction of reaction time and an increased grafted efficiency. The characterization of the graft copolymer was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the homogenous reaction media applied can be carried out in completely recycled ionic liquid, and the grafted cellulose products have a potential application in wastewater anion absorption.

Abstract: In a batch mixed culture of Propionibacterium acidipropioniai and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which could exploit synergistic effects, cell growth and propionic acid production rates of P. acidipropioniai significantly increased, compared with those in pure cultures. Compared with a pure culture, the mixed culture had a significant improvement on the maximal propionic acid (12.1 g/l vs. 10.1 g/l) and glycerol conversion efficiency (60.5% vs. 50.5%). Propionic acid production was further enhanced by an addition of glycerol solution in the fed-batch mixed culture; and the maximal propionic acid yield and glycerol conversion efficiency reached 27.9 g/l and 56.7%, respectively. These results showed that a mixed culture of P. acidipropionici and S. cerevisiae could serve as an excellent alternative to conventional propionic acid fermentation.

Abstract: The response of Iris pseudacorus to the introduction of earthworms and to a variety of substrates in constructed wetland systems was investigated under greenhouse conditions. The growth of I. pseudacorus was influenced by the presence of earthworms and the type of substrate. Plants grown on a sand substrate had the fewest seedlings and the smallest plant size. Because the sand substrate started with the lowest nutritional value, the addition of earthworms resulted in the largest increase in fresh and dry weights of I. pseudacorus, when compared with the other pairs of substrate treatments, with or without earthworms. The addition of earthworms increased pod production in I. pseudacorus, especially on substrates of mixed sand and soil, and with mixed sand and organic matter. Pod production in I. pseudacorus pots with earthworms varied by substrate.

Abstract: The montmorillonite was took as mordant in dyeing on silk fabrics with mugwort natural dyes.Silk fabrics were dyed by mordanting.The color feature value and color fastness were tested and were compared with that of the silk fabrics dyed with direct dyeing and alum mordanting dyeing.The results show that,as a mordant,when the amount of montmorillonite is 5g•L-1,the fabric dyeing depth is the highest.The color fastness of the silk fabrics dyed with montmorillonite mordanting is higher than that of silk fabrics dyed with direct dyeing,and the color fastness grade is equal with that of silk fabrics dyed with mordant metal salts.

Abstract: Firstly, BPA structure was modified, then coupling BPA with BSA or OVA to prepare immunogen and coating antigen. Five Balb/C mice were immunized with BPA-BSA. Finally an antibody was prepared and the indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was founded. Results:(1) The monoclonal antibody belongs to IgG1 subtype and К light chain.(2) The antibody titer is 1：256000, the most suitable concentration of coating antigen is 2μg/mL, and the optimal dilution of antibody and HRP are 1:16000 and 1:10000 respectively. (3)The linear regression line equation is y = 0.1139x + 0.1046, correlation coefficient is R2=0.97, the detection limit is 0.911ng/mL and IC50 is 2.454×103ng/mL. (4)The monoclonal antibody has high specificity for the cross reactivity with phenol, hydroquinone, and tert-butyl hydroquinone being lower than 0.01%, except ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid 2.1%. (5)The recovery range is 93%～116% and 89%～112% when adding BPA into black samples.（6）When the method was used in real materials to detect BPA residual, the results were proximate to the dates by HPLC.

Abstract: By using a new kind of single-beam normalized photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy (PAS-CT) technology with non-damage detection, the photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy, optical absorption properties and photosynthetic pigment content of the green and yellow leaves of Cinnamomum camphora were studied. The results show that: photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy could be obtained from different chopping frequency and different sample position. The more photosynthetic pigment content the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora contains, the bigger optical absorption coefficient and the higher photosynthetic efficiency they have. In the research, we could find that the photosynthetic pigment content of the green leaves of Cinnamomum camphora is higher than that of the red ones. As a result, the optical absorption coefficient and the photosynthetic efficiency of the green ones are higher than the red ones. The photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy technology could be a kind of non-damage detection to confirm the growth of trees.

Abstract: Succinate is an important platform molecule in the synthesis of a number of commodity and specialty chemicals. In the present study, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources, initial pH of the growth medium (pH 4.5-9.0), and temperature (25-45°C) on the fermentative succinate production by Actinobacillus succinogenes 130ZT were investigated in 100 mL anaerobic bottles. The results revealed that the highest concentration of succinate at 6.28 g/L was produced from 10 g/L of glucose or lactose in the medium containing 5 g/L yeast extract at 24 h. However, a comparable concentration of succinate was also produced when the medium was supplemented with 5 g/L spent brewer’s yeast extract. Based on these results, the cost effectiveness of succinate production could be improved by the use of glucose or lactose fermentation supplemented with spent brewer’s yeast extract. Optimized initial pH at 8.0, temperature at 37 °C, and inoculum size at 6% (v/v) provided the best succinate production at the concentration of 6.37 g/L with a yield of 68.73%.

Abstract: With nitrite or nitrate nitrogen as electron acceptor in the high salt conditons, halophilic denitrifying bacteria can transfer nitrite or nitrate to nitrogen, thereby purifying the high-salt wastewater. Halophilic denitrifying bacteria play an important role in the carbon and nitrogen removal of saline wastewater, such as petroleum, chemical industry, seafood processing and seafood farming. This article dissussed halophilic denitrifying bacteria screening, the main types and the corresponding morphological characteristics, then we focused on the research progress of main factors of halophilic denitrifying bacteria’s growth and nitrogen removal. Finally put forward the current problems of the research and development trend of halophilic denitrifying bacteria.

Abstract: The stability of 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(indole-3-) butyric acid (TFIBA) were examined. Elongation of rice seminal root was promoted approximately 80% by continuous supply of 10-5 molL-1 TFIBA. Such promotion effect on root elongation is not found in IAA or IBA. The promotive effect of TFIBA on root elongation was not reduced by either direct heating in a microwave oven or autoclaving at 121°C for 15 min and root elongation was promoted by 70 - 80% at the concentration of 10-5 mol L-1. The effect of TFIBA was not lost by heat of microwave oven or autoclave. Although the effect of TFIBA dissolved in water was gradually lost at 30°C in the light, it was maintained at 4°C in the light and at 30°C in the dark. Consequently, aqueous solution of TFIBA can be stored at room temperature for at least 1 month when it is kept in the dark.

Abstract: The effective dissolution method of 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(indole-3-)butyric acid (TFIBA) to rice plant growth was examined. Elongation of rice seminal root was promoted approximately 80% by continuous supply of 10-5 mol L-1 TFIBA dissolved in water. The primitive effect of TFIBA dissolved in DMSO on root elongation was greater than that of TFIBA dissolved in water, and the length of root was significantly increased by 233% by treatment with TFIBA at 10-5 mol L-1, compared with that in untreated control seedlings. However, DMSO occurred increase of root weight and showed somewhat disadvantage about reproducibility of TFIBA effect. In contrast, the reproducibility of TFIBA effect was high in the solution prepared with water.