Advanced Materials Research Vols. 550-553

Abstract: The effect of Na and Si content on vitamin E accumulation in a wheat embryo callus culture was studied. Mathematical models were established to describe the growth kinetics and accumulation of vitamin E for the wheat embryo callus cells. With vitamin E accumulation as the objective, the best combination of Na and Si addition in the medium was selected through an optimum test. The results showed that the optimal production of vitamin E in Gamborg’s B5 medium was at the 0.80 mg/L NaH2PO4•H2O and 0.00%(w/w) H2SiO3. The degree of fit of the kinetics model of vitamin E accumulation was 99.11%, whereas the degree of fit of the kinetics model of cell growth was 98.68%, with a nonlinear relation. The beneficial elements Na and Si affected vitamin E accumulation in the wheat germ callus medium and the influence of Si was more significant than that of Na.

Abstract: The rheological properties of Limited Enzyme-hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten (LHWG) and its complex solutions with xanthan gum (XG), sodium alginate (SA) or gelatin were researched by Brookfield DV-Ⅱ+Pro Viscometer. The results showed that they all exhibited typical shear-thinning behavior and the higher LHWG concentration, the more evident of the shear thinning was. The effects of temperature on the rheology of LHWG were very complicated based on the concentration. The apparent viscosity of 300 mg/mL LHWG (20°C) was higher than that of 100 mg/mL and 200 mg/mL, and showed fluctuation between 20°C and 90°C, which were strongly different from that of low LHWG solution. However, the rheological properties of LHWG were influenced slightly by shearing time.

Abstract: Strain ZSI isolated from heavy metal contaminated soil was identified by morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The tolerance to heavy metals and 12 antibiotics was examined. The results showed that the strain was most homophylic with Cupriavidus sp. It has high tolerance to serval metals, and the order was Cu＞Zn＞Cd＞Ni＞Mn=Co＞Pb. The strain can resistant to 9 antibiotics.

Abstract: The ABTS, and DPPH assays were used for determining to investigate the antioxidant effect in vitro of Polysaccharide from Camellia Cake. Different concentrations of the sample were determinated by assay method. Results showed Polysaccharide from Camellia Cake had an appreciable antioxidant effect in a concentration-dependent manner. The EC50 values against DPPH and ABTS free radicals were 0.106 mg/ml and 1.05mg/ml respectively.

Abstract: Using an agricultural waste rapeseed meal (RM) as adsorbent, the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) from aqueous solution has been studied. For this purpose, the adsorption of MB and MG onto the RM with aspects of kinetics, equilibrium and the effect of pH were investigated. The equilibrium experimental data of MB and MG is in well accordance with isotherm equations of Langmuir and Freundlich. And the maximum uptake capacities (q_m) of MB and MG were 122 and 78 mg.g_-1 respectively. It was observed that the adsorption rate of MB and MG onto the RM were very rapid and the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order equation. The RM appears as a very prospective adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from industrial effluent due to its high uptake, rapid adsorption rate and low cost.

Abstract: Objective The study proposed an efficient and economic approach to hydrolyze whey protein isolate. Methods Using trypsin to hydrolyze the whey protein, this study investigated the influences of pH, hydrolysis temperature, enzyme-substrate ratio (E/S) and hydrolysis duration on the process of enzymatic hydrolysis. The orthogonal test method was used to design the experiments of the study. Result The optimized conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis were pH8, hydrolysis temperature 40°C，5% of E/S, and hydrolysis duration 2 hours. The hydrolysis degree was 26.5％. Conclusion The parameters identified from this study can benefit the development of whey protein.

Abstract: The new adsorption material was prepared by grafting the larch tannin onto aminated silica beads with the glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking agent. The adsorption properties of Pr³⁺ and Nd³⁺ on the new adsorbent material in aqueous solution were investigated. The results showed that the equilibrium adsorption capacities of this adsorbent to Pr³⁺, Nd³⁺ were 402.12mg/g, 305.43mg/g at 303K when the initial concentrations of each ions were 442.7mg/L, 432.6mg/L, respectively and the pH value was 5.5; the maximum adsorption quantities of each ions were 576.34mg/g, 497.02mg/g at 303K when the initial concentrations of each ions were 704.5mg/L, 721.0mg/L, respectively and the pH value was 5.5. The effect of pH value was significant to the equilibrium adsorption capacity, the optimum pH values of this material to Pr³⁺ and Nd³⁺ were both 5.5; while the effect of the temperature was not obvious to the equilibrium adsorption capacity. The adsorption thermodynamics meet Freundlich equation, and the adsorption kinetics data of this adsorbent to Pr³⁺, Nd³⁺ fitted with the pseudo-second-order rate equation dynamics model.

Abstract: The cellulase was immobilized onto magnetic chitosan microspheres carrier as cross-linked enzymes aggregates (CLEAs). It was precipitated with 95% saturation ammonia sulfate and cross-linked with 3% (v/v) glutaraldehyde. Efficient enzyme activity about 50.6% was obtained when cellulase concentration was 1.0mg/mL after cross-linking for 7 h at 30^○C. The CLEAs was advantageous on stabilities and magnetic responsiveness for separation.

Abstract: Distillers' grains (DG) has high cellulose contents and is suitable for conversion to reducing sugar under dilute acid conditions. The effects of the hydrolysis conditions, including acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, reaction temperature and time, were discussed, as well as the changes of microstructure and groups after hydrolysis. The conversion rate of reducing sugar could reach 25.07% (g/100g DG) when the hydrolysis conditions are as follows: the concentration of sulphuric acid is 5% (wt), the temperature is 120 °C, the ratio of sulphuric acid solution volume (mL) to weight of DG (g) is 30:1 and the reaction time is 10 h.

Abstract: Bioremediation of heavy metals pollution by microorganism has attracted more attention. The influence factors on growth and cadmium-resistance of P. aeruginosa E1 were investigated.The results showed that the multiplication of the strain was inhibited and the pigment could not be produced in cadmium medium.FTIR analysis implied that cadmium could bound to and inactive groups of the pigment synthesis enzyme.The appropriate culture conditions were at 25-35°C, initial pH 6-7, and 80-100 mL liquid in 250 mL flask.50 mg/L of other five heavy metals caused varied effect on the strain. Cultured in no-cadmium medium, Zn and Mn were helpful, Pb and Co present inhibition to the strain. Cultured in cadmium medium, Cu, Zn, and Mn had no inhibition, and the others would interfere the growth. The culture conditions of the strain were common, which would avail the mass produce for application in remediation.