Advanced Materials Research Vols. 550-553

Abstract: The natural vegetable dye grape seed extract (GSE) was applied on the direct dyeing of lyocell knitted fabric. By changing the dyeing condition, the modified process was derived after evaluating various fastnesses of the dyed fabric. The direct dyeing method should be under the condition of GSE’s concentration 5g/L, bath preparation temperature 80°C, pH value 3, bath ratio 1:30, dyeing time 60min. The color is very sensitive to pH and GSE’s concentration. The rubbing fastness, washing fastness and light fastness is good, the acid perspiration fastness is better than the alkaline perspiration fastness.

Abstract: The flavonoids of eight samples of Huangqi, the roots of Astragalus mongholicus, have been analyzed. The concentration of total flavonoids from different samples of Astragalus Mongholicus, was about 0.5mg/g~1.0mg/g, according to the rutin standard substance. Then the fingerprints were set up and four flavonoids were identified as Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, 7-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone, 7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone and Formononetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside by liquid chromatography. Moreover, the antioxidative activity of flavonoids extractive from Astragalus Mongholicus was also studied and the IC₅₀ of Astragalus flavonoids extractive for scavenging ATBS+ free radical and DPPH•free radical were 0.61 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL respectively

Abstract: The complex decolorizer of active carbon and attapulgite was synthesized for the decoloration of Lentinan extract. The effects of decolorizer dosage, temperature and pH were investigated through single factor experiments. The experimental results show that the decoloration rate with the complex decolorizer was close to that with the active carbon, while the loss rate of polysaccharide was significantly lower than that with the active carbon. The optimum decoloration conditions were decolorizer dosage 2 wt%, temperature 50 oC and pH 6.0. Under these optimum decoloration conditions, the decoloration rate and the polysaccharide loss rate were 87.2% and 12.6%, respectively.

Abstract: The aim of this work was to study the separation conditions of Liquiritin (LQ) in preparative liquid chromatography. Based on the inverse method, the adsorption isotherm parameters of LQ and the closely impurities were determined. Then the chromatographic conditions were optimized by combination of orthogonal design experiments and numerical simulation. The optimum injection concentration, injection purity of LQ and injection volume was found as 50 g/L, 45 % and 5 mL, respectively. The parameters of simulated moving bed chromatography were selected and the separation process was analysis. This method can give reference for purifying of low content component from the complex herbs.

Abstract: Use Design Expert software to establish a quadratic polynomial model between four factors and content of reducing sugar which is characterization for hydrolysis. The four factors are the amount of complex enzyme, the ratio of complex enzyme, hydrolysis temperature and hydrolysis time. Process of sargassum extracts preparation with complex enzyme is optimized by response surface methodology. The optimum preparation conditions were achieved as follows：amount of complex enzyme is 2.05%, ratio of complex enzyme is 1.98, hydrolysis temperature is 55°C, hydrolysis time is 64minutes, and the final reducing sugar content is 0.832% which is good repeatability.

Abstract: Conventional solvent extraction and microwave-assisted techniques were used to extract glycyrrhizic acid (GA) from licorice root, using different solvents including polar and non-polar solvents. For both extraction techniques, higher glycyrrhizic acid yields were consistently obtained with water than with other solvents from the same samples. Solubility of glycyrrhizic acid or salts in water is the major cause of this observation. For microwave assisted extraction (MAE) with water, glycyrrhizic acid yield increased to 3.10% in 7min. Similar observations were made with conventional solvent extraction, glycyrrhizic acid yield was raised to 3.12% in 90min. The extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with an ultraviolet detector. The kinetic studies were supplemented by scanning electron micrographs (SEM), and a mechanism based on the mass transfer between the solvents and matrix had been proposed to account for the acceleration extraction made with MAE.

Abstract: Zingiberene, one of the five major sesquiterpene hydrocarbon which are rich in ginger essential oil, is a natural antioxidant and serves as antiviral and antifertility agent. An efficient preparative isolation process of zingiberene from ginger essential oil has been developed in the present study. The separation experiments have been carried out on an intermittent silica gel column chromatography. After the first run treatment with the chromatography, the zingiberene content in the final product was increased from 35.11% to 60.41%. Afterwards the concentration was purified by using the second silica gel column chromatography. The recovery for the combined procedure was 70.68%, with a final purity 72.93%.Therefore, the separation can be achieved easily and efficiently via the intermittent silica gel column chromatography, and the method will provided a potential approach for large-scale separation and purification of zingiberene for its wide pharmaceutical use.

Abstract: Abstract: The flaxseed lignans were extracted with 70% ethanol solution at ambient temperature. Based on the first Fick’ law, the extraction model was established; according to the experimental data obtained at different conditions, the model was solved by means of “minimum two multiplication” method and the pending constants were determined; the model was validated with experimental data and the results proved that the forecasting precision of this model was error less than 7%. Key words: solvent method, flaxseed, lignans, extraction model

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of magnetic field on the antibacterial substances from black pepper, we used shaking and ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis and Aspergillus niger as indicator bacteria respectively. Meanwhile, extraction rate and diameter of inhibition zone were regarded as the activity monitoring parameters. The results showed the existence of magnetic field can make a difference. It weakened the antibacterial activity of black pepper by shaking extraction. However, the antibacterial activity of substances to Aspergillus niger was proportional to the intensity of the applied magnetic field by ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction.

Abstract: Tobacco stem and tobacco dust are the major raw materials in the reconstituted tobacco production. The extraction of the components from these materials is one of the most important procedures in making the reconstituted tobacco sheet. In this paper, we reported an approach of three-stage counter current extraction to transfer the components from tobacco stem and tobacco dust. The results showed that the extraction ratios for tobacco stem and tobacco dust were 40.2% and 54.2%, respectively. The testing results on the extracted tobacco stem and tobacco dust showed that the overall extraction ratios of water soluble sugars, total alkaloid, and chloride in tobacco dust were 89.3%, 90.5% and 100%, respectively; and the overall extraction ratios of water soluble sugars, total alkaloid and chloride in tobacco stem were 59.3%, 60.3% and 76.2%, respectively; The contents of total nitrogen in tobacco dust and tobacco stem were basically no change after each extraction. Lower extraction yield and higher extraction ration were obtain by three stages extract than those by single stage extract.