Advanced Materials Research Vols. 779-780

Abstract: The wetlands of Tibet plateau have typical characteristics of highest elevation, largest area and most concentrated distribution. Tibetan Plateau Lake Group is one of the main five lake groups in China. TM images of 2000 and 2010 are analyzed by ERDAS and ARCGIS. And Landscape Ecology theory is applied to analyze the spatial and dynamic characteristics of Tibetan lake wetlands. The results show: there are 66643 lakes in 2000 and 54655 lakes in 2010, which means there have disappeared 11988 lakes. Xigaze and Lhokas lakes patches presented decrease trend. The lake wetland of Nagri has increased 3.32%.The lake wetland of Lhoka and Xigaze has decreased 7.37% and 3.52%. MPS, MPE, PSCov and PSSD indexes can reflect the lake wetland dynamic changes than other indexes. Tibetan Plateau is very sensitive to global cliamte change, espectially in Nagqu.

Abstract: s. To explore the PCB pollution characteristics in the airborne particulate matter, seven indicative polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in atmospheric PM₁₀ were determined weekly in Jinan, China. PCB concentrations, profiles, temporal distribution pattern and the correlations between Σ7PCBs and the meteorological conditions were analyzed, aiming to quantify the pollution level of PCBs in urban air. All the samplers were extracted by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The monthly concentrations of Σ7PCBs were 81.4-2335.2 fg/m³. A distinct seasonal variation of PM₁₀-associated PCBs exhibited. Higher concentrations of PCBs in cold weather than warm weather was found. PCB28 and PCB52 were the major components of PM₁₀-associated PCBs in cold weather, while PCB 118 and PCB 180 dominated in warm weather. The fresh emission sources in cold weather, such as the burning of coal for domestic heating, were suggested to be a major influence factor. A significant correlation (p<0.05) was found between the total PCB congeners and atmospheric pressure. Heavy rainfall can also impact PM₁₀-PCBs significantly. The weak correlation coefficient between atmospheric PCBs and wind speed suggested that the inefficient dispersion and no significant pollution sources around.

Abstract: In the last decade, The government and scientific researchers have payed a lot of attention to waste slag of aluminum factory . Many scholars have done a great deal of research and put forward many valuable resource recycling methods,Especially in ceramics field. This paper has reviewed the aluminum slag application ways that researched by our team and some other related scholars,and mainly overviews the application in ceramic filed.

Abstract: Heavy metal contents (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, Pb) have been measured in 40 surface soils on Ny-Alesund, Spitsbergen Island, Arctic, which were in concentrations (in milligrams kilogram¹) of 13.3-127 (Cr), 1.72-38.8 (Ni), 7.84-47.3 (Cu), 26.5-123 (Zn), 2.17-9.22 (As), 0-2.4 (Cd), 0.21-0.38 (Hg), 0-129 (Pb). Relative cumulative sums analysis and relative cumulative frequency analysis were used to determine the baseline values for the 8 metals, yielding values of Cr (24.7 mg/kg), Ni (6.24 mg/kg) , Cu (11.5 mg/kg) , Zn (77.3 mg/kg) , As (2.60 mg/kg) , Hg (0.27 mg/kg) , Pb (4.38mg/kg). Geo-accumulation index method was applied in order to determine the extent of anthropogenic contamination. Principal component analysis was put into use aiming to identify the sources of these heavy metals. The results showed that Pb, Cr, Cd and Hg have been significantly elevated in concentration by human activities.

Abstract: The important meteorological parameter affecting the human energy balance in heat strain condition is the relative humidity. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of relative humidity on human heat comfort. In this paper, the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) calculating program was corrected. The relationship between PET and relative humiditythermal state of human body on a typical hot day was analyzed. The results show that: Sweating is the most effective thermoregulatory process when the body is in a condition of heat strain; High water vapor pressure can restrain sweat evaporation and effect human heat balance in hot environment; The PET value increases rapidly as relative humidity over "threshold value" in hot environment, and the "threshold value" is different in various heat stain condition; The PET calculated by modified program agrees well with heat thermal sensation of people in hot-humidity environment.

Abstract: With the help of fuzzy mathematics theory, the assessment model for indirect economic benefit of municipal solid waste sanitary landfill project is established--the triangular fuzzy multi-index group evaluation model. Based on the above study, the author synthetically makes an evaluation on the indirect economic benefits of municipal solid waste sanitary landfill project , which can better the quantitative and evaluative system for indirect economic benefits of municipal solid waste, and meanwhile verify the quantative and evaluative model .

Abstract: This paper studies the planning and construction of ecological corridor around the city in Guizhou areas, eastern Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, and southwest of China. It is proposed by solving urban environment problems in the process of urbanization and disastrous weather such as drought, glazed frost and hail, etc. Based on the view of Environment Science, Ecology and urban planning，this paper researches on the construction of ecological corridor in some of cities in Guizhou area. Analyze and discuss ecological influences and benefits of constructing ecological corridor to the city of Guizhou and the disastrous weather. On the above, it provides theoretical supplement and reference to planning practice.

Abstract: This paper study on the oil/water phase porous flow process of advance water injection in low permeability reservoirs through the similarity theory. Get oil/water phase porous flow control equation of dimensionless equation through equation analysis method. Solve the dimensionless governing equations with the method of implicit and explicit solution of saturation method (IMPES). Results show that the bigger similarity criterion of sensitive factors, the bigger influence on test results; In the sensitive factors, which π10, π3, π8, π5 as the main similarity criterion. Considering above similar criterion to determine the reasonable indoor experiment of model parameters, which can mobile oil saturation, irreducible water saturation, water phase permeability, relative position well, hole diameter and reservoir thickness affect indoor advanced water flooding experiment of low permeability oil reservoirs recovery degree of the key technical parameters. Key word: Similarity criterion; Low permeability; Physical simulation; Tablet models

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to assess aquifer salinization in the coastal area of an Offshore Industrial Park in Taiwan. Study area belongs to the new Delta Holocene alluvium, which is composed of clay, silt, sand, gravel and their mixture. Groundwater quality measurements including electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, chloride and sulfate were used as indicator to evaluate aquifer salinization. Regional groundwater flows from the middle of study area to the embracing beach, which is the typical island-type-like distribution of groundwater lens. Temporal variations of chloride concentrations in monitoring wells were simulated based on the calculation of solute transport. The simulation result matched with the observation that rainfall leaching could cause dilution of chloride concentration and lessen aquifer salinization. Solute exchange at the interface of fresh water and saline water strongly affected desalinization rate in groundwater, and thus desalinization rate was dependent on its distance from the seashore. According to the calculation of solute transport, it might take about 14 years for complete desalinization through continual rainfall leaching.

Abstract: In order to study the effect of fillers with adsorption and drying on rubbish degradation, leachate production and water quality of leachate, five cylinder reactors for landfill disposal were built to simulate the operation of landfill, one reactor was used as contrast reactor, no filler added in it. Saw powder, activated carbon, zleolite and newspaper were added into another four reactors. In the experiment, rubbish cell height, leachate production, COD and NH₃-N concentration of leachate and heavy metals concentration of leachate were monitored. The experimental results indicate that fillers with adsorption and drying in rubbish have strong effect on reducing leachate production, accelerating degradation of rubbish and reducing pollutants in leachate. Overall, saw powder is more perfect in taking these actions than other three fillers.