Advanced Materials Research Vols. 779-780

Abstract: As the Qujing citys industrial development, how to use and protect groundwater is the primary problem of urban development because of the non-uniformity distribution of groundwater. This paper establishes a two-story DRASTIC fuzzy evaluation model using analytical hierarchy process, by Qujing basin groundwater survey and data analysis. The model was applied to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability of Qujing basin and the east and west sides of the mountain with the consideration of depth to the water table, net recharge, aquifer material, soil type, topography, impact of vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity of aquifer with the help of monitoring data. The research results show that the Qujing basin is of high vulnerability, we should pay attention to the protection of groundwater environment in the use of groundwater. At the same time show that the model is more sensitivity for evaluating and much simple for calculating. This method is better to reflect the groundwater vulnerability spatial continuity, and further enriched the groundwater vulnerability methods.

Abstract: based on geothermal anomalies and geothermal wells of Shilin basin, the structure of geothermal reservoirs, geothermal geological characteristics and hydrochemistry of thermal groundwater are examined. Geothermal reservoir of the geothermal field is Proterozoic Sinian dolomite and dolomitic limestone. Characteristic of geothermal water runoff and geothermal field are controlled by Jiuxiang fracture and Niutoushan ancient mainland. The drillings data shows that the temperature gradient is 1.5-4.8°C/100m. Deep circulation is the main origin of geothermal water. The chemical type of geothermal water is HCO₃-Ca, and high silicic acid content. The geothermal water supply is limited from the hydrogeological conditions; we should control the development and utilization.

Abstract: Based on the regional topography, engineering geology, hydrology, vegetation, soil, and soil erosion survey of Xiaolongtan power plant, this paper will analyze the area of influence according to the soil and water loss and its effects in this project, and according to the characteristics of construction projects and the local natural conditions, combined with the characteristics of soil and water loss control degree of each region and the affected, The biological measures with engineering measures together, take slag retaining engineering, drainage engineering, land consolidation engineering and plant measures for the comprehensive management.So the effect of soil erosion will be reduced to minimum level, the area of new erosion will be effectively controlled. And this will provide guarantees for the security run of the power plant, protect and improve environment quality in and around the project construction area.

Abstract: This paper from the research of the porous medium pore structure characteristics of ultra-low permeability reservoir, combined the core flow test with reservoir characteristics analysis and fluid properties analysis studying the reservoir water injection development effect. The research results show that: the microscopic heterogeneity of ultra-low permeability reservoir is strong, pore connectivity of porous medium is poor, seepage throat is very fine and microcrack is growth. During the process of water injection development there exist particle migration phenomenon, could easily cause pore throat blockage, and lead to water injection pressure rebound. According to the research result targeted on the organic mud acid deep broken down experiment, the result shows that it can achieve the purpose of depressure and increasing injection rate.

Abstract: Analysis and study were carried out by means of mathematical statistics on sediment reduction effect by soil retaining dam with different storage capacity allocation proportion in Dali river watershed of the Yellow River. The results indicate that, sediment reduction by large, middle and small soil retaining dam account for 80.1%, 14.6%, 5.3% of the total reduction; the sediment reduction benefit has reached its maximum since 1990s, amounting to 30.2%, with corresponding storage allocation proportion of 1.84:2.37:5.79.Dam and reservoir have obvious influence on the correlation between rainfall and sediment in the river watershed, sediment transport is reduced by 10 million ton corresponding to annual average flood season rainfall of 350mm in the watershed. Within the sediment reduction capability of soil retaining dam, the sediment reduction volume increase with more rainfall in the flood season, having the feature of the more incoming sediment is, the more sediment reduction will be.

Abstract: In the contemporary era of low-carbon and emission reduction, the energy-saving researches on the single architecture have become more and more attentive, including several new building materials, equipment and techniques, etc. However, this strategy in the wholly macro level has been neglected, such as the harmony between the settlement and its natural environment, the space site-positioning program and the reasonable distribution of architectural groups, which should be offered a priority before the sole establishment design. 400 years ago in the south Fujian, China, the ancestors had been trying to explore natural resources and dedicated to the sustainable development, from the angle of environmental plan and design. For instance, comb-style settlement distribution with wide front and narrow side, ventilation design in buildings and locally selected materials are qualified to be the representativeness and afford us lessons.

Abstract: Taking an award-winning design as an example, the author explored some new design method of rural ecological residential using low-technology and low-energy strategies which refer to the site selection, building envelope design, natural ventilation, wind power utilization, solar utilization, sludge-gas utilization, building shade and green system.

Abstract: In order to achieve the carbon reduction targets committed by China, Liaoning Province must take the way of low-carbon economy. Based on the related Statistical Yearbook data, applying the IPCC carbon emissions equation and Kaya model, this paper analyses the influencing factors of the carbon dioxide emissions produced from the power consumption of Liaoning Province. and then put forward some suggestion on reducing carbon emissions. The results show that Liaoning Province can achieve the goal, but unit GDP CO2 emissions reduction is mainly due tothe investment expansion of the second industry and construction industry investment expansion. As a result, it puts forward some suggestions.

Abstract: The dynamics of flocculation is always one of the most interesting and difficult points for water treatment. The applicability of existing breakage rate coefficients was restricted due to the limitations of their theoretical derivation. In order to solve this problem, a breakage rate coefficient of flocculation process was derived based on shear strength. It could be described by the equation "s(m)=E₀Fr^1.2m^1/D". Then it was applied to a flocculation model which described the change of particle size distribution during flocculation. Laboratory scale experiments were carried out to verify the feasibility of the new breakage rate coefficient with the typical surface water in northwest China characterized by low temperature and low turbidity. Results indicated that both the change of particle size distribution with time and the effects of operation variables on the stable particle size distribution could be excellently simulated, agreeing well with the experimental results with the relative error ranged from 3% ~ 17%. It was demonstrated that the breakage rate coefficient based on shear strength could be used to describe the breakage rate of flocs during flocculation.

Abstract: The experiment is based on cadmium pollution of Long River in Hechi Guangxi. The results shows that under existing process condition of water plants, dosing PAC separately can make removal rate of Cd²⁺ reach about 60%, only ensuring the inflow water containing maximum 0.01 mg/L Cd²⁺ reach the standard when outflowed. When the inflow water concentration of Cd²⁺ surpasses 0.01 mg/L, existing technology is needed to be improved. If using combined treatment with sodium carbonate and PAC, in condition the dosing quantity of sodium carbonate is 1.1 times than the theoretical molar ratio, and PAC is 15 mg/L, the removal rate of Cd²⁺ reach higher than 90%, making the effluent which Cd²⁺ exceeds the standard by 10 times reach the standard after treated, providing a new idea for emergency treatment on Cd²⁺ pollution of drinking water.