Advanced Materials Research Vol. 796

Abstract: Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (short for HTCC) was a strong cationic water-soluble polymer. The bombyx Mori silk fabric was treated by HTCC solution and the salt-free reactive dyeing process and properties of modified silk fabric were investigated in this paper. The results showed that salt-free dyeing effect of silk fabric treated with Cibacron Blue FN-G was better when HTCC concentration was 8g/L, the processing temperature was 60°C and the processing time was 35min; the optimum salt-free reactive dyeing process of silk fabric treated by HTCC was: dyeing pH was 8.0, dyeing temperature was 90°C and dyeing time was 70 min; HTCC had obviously promoted dyeing effect, after salt-free dyeing, the dyeing rate, the color fixing rate and the dyeing depth of silk fabric modified by HTCC solution were all increased obviously, and the washing fastness and rubbing fastness were both improved slightly; the smaller molecular weight of chitosan was used to modify to HTCC, the higher dyeing rate and color fixing rate of the treated silk fabric were obtained.

Abstract: A novel ZnO nanoparticles aqueous solution was prepared through a one-step reaction between a modified hyperbranched polymer-PNP and zinc nitrate. During the reaction process, PNP not only acted as the reagent to produce ZnO nanoparticles, but also controlled the size of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and stabilize them after reaction. The size of ZnO nanoparticles were about 6 nm with narrow size distribution. Then the ZnO nanoparticles were utilized for the functional finishing of cotton fabrics by in situ generation and deposition method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements confirmed the ZnO nanoparticles coated on the cotton fibers. The treated cotton fabrics exhibited excellent UV protective properties and antibacterial activities. When the ZnO content in cotton fabric was 2.23 %, the UPF value of treated cotton fabric reached 114.4 and the bacterial reduction rates against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) both exceeded 98 %.

Abstract: The lightly cross-linked fluorinated polyacrylate latex was synthesized by emulsion copolymerization, in which fluorine containing acrylate, butyl acrylate (BA) and organosiloxane containing bisacrylate were used as monomers. The fluorine containing co-polymeric emulsion was obtained with narrow particle size distribution and the average particle size to be about 130 nm. The emulsion with and without addition of cross-linking agent was applied on silk textile finishing. The result shows that, treating with the emulsion without cross-linking agent, the water-and oil-repellency of silk fabric reached level 3-4 and level 3, respectively, and the contact angle was up to 133.5°. After addition of cross-linking agent, the emulsion can afford the silk fabric with better water-and oil-repellency of level 4 and level 3-4, respectively. The improvement of water-and oil-repellency can probably be attributed to the lightly cross-linking structure of fluoropolymer, the latter resulted in more dense film on the surface of silk fabric after finishing.

Abstract: In this work, cotton was grafted with trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in water aqueous. The appearance of the cotton fabric was characterized with SEM, and SEM of the grafted cotton displayed significant difference from the ungrafted cotton. FT-IR indicated that TFEMA was successfully grafted onto surface of cotton fibers. Surface contact angle test and water repellency rating test showed that the water repellence of the modified cotton fabric were better than the ungrafted cotton fabric. Compared with the ungrafted cotton fabric, the whiteness, air permeability, breaking strength and elongation at break of the grafted cotton fabric decreased slightly. Grafted treatment led to efficient implantation of fluorine atoms on the surface of cotton fabric, this resulted in water repellence without altering the bulk properties of the cotton fabric.

Abstract: Using amino silicone oil and fluorinated acrylate as raw material, fluoroalkyl group modified amino-silicone oil was synthesized by primary amino group and C=C double bond of fluoroacrylate via Michael addition reaction. The fluoroalkyl modified silicone oil with different content of fluorine were obtained by changing the ratio of feeding. Then the fluoroalkyl modified silicone oil was applied on deep dyeing finishing on colored silk fabric. The relationship between the fluorine content of modified amino-silicone oil and the refractive index was discussed, as well as the effect of the increasing of depth on silk fabric. The result showed that 15g/L of finishing agent can afford 35% upgrade rate of dyeing depth on colored silk fabric when the fluorine content was 37.32%. SEM, FT-IR and XPS showed that treatment of the fluoroalkyl modified aminosilicone oil can form the polymeric layer on the silk fiber surface with low refractive index, and the lower the refractive index of the fluoroalkyl modified amino-silicone oil is, the better the upgrade of the deep dyeing finishing will be.

Abstract: This paper presents a method of fabricating ZnO nanoparticles coated silk fabrics via a one-step in situ generation and deposition reaction. In this procedure, amino terminated hyperbranched polymer (HBP-NH₂) and zinc nitrate were used as the precursors without any other binders. The results indicated that UV protective properties and antibacterial activities of treated silk fabrics grew in quantity with increase of the concentration of precursors in this reaction process. When the concentration of HBP-NH₂ and zinc nitrate were 24 g/L and 17.85g/L respectively, the UPF value of treated silk fabric was 131 and the bacterial reduction rates against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli both exceeded 99%. Moreover, the treated silk fabrics were characterized by FESEM, EDS and XRD which demonstrated that the ZnO nanoparticles coated on the silk fibers successfully and well dispersed with diameter around 90nm.

Abstract: In this work, a water soluble chitosan derivative, hydroxypropyl chitosan (HCS) of low molecular weigh was synthesized with chitosan and epoxypropane under the alkaline condition by the heterogeneous reaction. HCS nanoparticles was further prepared through ion-gel technologies. The particles were characterized in terms of size and surface charge measurement, and both analysis showed nanoparticles of mean hydrodynamic diameter around 40 nm and positive zeta potential value +41.7 mV. When the HCS nanoparticles were applied to Antheraea pernyi (A. perny) silk fabric treatment in the presence of 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid and sodium hypophosphite by a conventional pad-dry-cure process, the antibacterial properties of treated fabrics were evaluated against test bacteria S. aureus and E . coli according to the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) method. The results indicated that the HCS nanoparticles treated fabric showed over 95% bacterial reduction before laundering and over 90% bacterial reduction even after 20 and 50 launderings against S. aureus and E. coli. The treatment of A. pernyi silk fabric with HCS nanoparticles also strengthened the wrinkle resistant property. Moreover, the treated A. pernyi silk fabric was also given durable wrinkle resistant property even after 20 and 50 launderings. The whiteness of the silk fabric changed a little.

Abstract: The possibilities of obtaining active soybeancotton fabrics were examined. An effective two-stage method was developed. The first stage involves the formation of dialdehyde cellulose by the sodium periodate oxidation of cotton fabrics, which is able to form Schiff base with soybean protein. In the second stage, soybean grafted cotton fabrics were prepared by subsequent treatment of oxidized cotton fabrics with a solution of soybean protein in aqueous acetic acid. The technical conditions of oxidized cotton fabrics with soybean protein graft were studied, the internal structure and wearability of oxidized cotton fabric after soybean protein treatment were respectively measured and analyzed in this paper. The results of infrared spectra indicated that the C=N of chemical bond was formed between the aldehyde groups in oxidized cotton fabrics and the amino groups of soybean protein, and the soybean protein cross-linked on the surface of oxidized cotton fabrics by a series of reactions. Meanwhile, the calculating results on the separating peaks and imitating curves of X-ray diffractive curves illuminated that the crystallinity of the oxidized cotton fabric after soybean protein modification decreased from 67.83% to 62.35%. After soybean protein treatment, the breaking strength and elongation of the fabrics slightly decreased, whereas the wrinkle recovery angle and moisture absorption of cotton fabrics remarkably increased.

Abstract: Dodecane-1,12-bis (oxy-2-hydroxy-propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) (DBA2-12), which belongs to the cationic bolaform surfactants, was synthesized by two-step reactions in this study. The structure of the product was characterized by IR. The IR spectra showed the characteristic bands corresponding to the stretching vibration of C-N, C-O, and-OH groups. The influence of DBA2-12 on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the dyeing of acrylic fibers with cationic yellow X-5GL were investigated. The results showed that the bolaform surfactant had significant retarding effect for cationic dye, the dyeing rate constant and equilibrium dye-uptake was decreased, half-dyeing time was increased by the addition of surfactant DBA2-12. Meanwhile,surfactant DBA2-12 declined the partition coefficient,affinity and dye saturation value. It is concluded that bolaform surfactant DBA2-12 can be used to control dyeing rate of cationic dyes on acrylic fibers.

Abstract: In order to improve fastness of printing silk fabric with natural dyes, the influence of sinapic acid on printing of silk fabric with sorghum red was investigated in this work. The silk fabric was printed using guar gum as paste, sorghum red as natural dye, sinapic acid as auxiliaries. The appropriate steaming condition was the temperature 100°C, time 15min and saturated steam. The results showed that the light fastness and the wash fastness of the printed fabric were improved by the addition of sinapic acid. It is proposed that sinapic acid can be applied as effective fastness improver of natural dyes.