Advanced Materials Research Vols. 807-809

Abstract: The boron concentrations in water samples from the Yellow River and a reservoir were measured by the spectrophotometric curcumin method. Results show that there is a good linear relationship between the absorbance and the concentration (R2=0.9991). The sensitivity of this method was 0.029 µg, and the precision is 2.05%~5.41%. For different treatments of solutions, the recovery of added boron was in the range of 96.3 to 106.2%. This method is sensitive, accurate, reproducible and easy to be operated.

Abstract: A oligotrophic heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium Y21 was isolated from Songhua River at low temperature. The influence of temperature, pH, rotating speed of shaker as well as the carbon sources on the strain Y21 was investigated in this study. The experimental results showed that for the strain Y21, the optimum conditions were found to be temperature of 15 °C, pH of 7.4~8.2, shaking speed of 140 rmp respectively, with sodium acetate as carbon source. The strain Y21 has high activity under the culture condition at low temperature. The basic dynamic equation for the degradation of ammonia-nitrogen was obtained.

Abstract: Marine bacteria have been proven to be a profound resource on the development of natural product chemistry and upon the medical sciences. The pelagic fishery locates the wide international public sea regions and contains huge resource and technical benefits. The increasingly greater potential for exploitation of new marine microbes resource in these special sea areas has become conspicuous. In this paper, the marine environmental bacterial strains were isolated from water sampled from the Trachurus murphyi Chile fishery in southeast Pacific Ocean, and the anti-bacterial bioactivity screening for the crude extract from the strain fermentation, and taxonomic identification of the screened bioactive strains were then performed. The obtained result in this study has showed that marine environmental bacterial isolated from Trachurus murphyi Chile fishery demonstrated good potential for the further exploration for marine bioactive natural products.

Abstract: The growth, photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were investigated in wild type and mutant rice plants treated with 50 μmol L^-1 Cd. The results showed that plant height, dry mass, and chlorophyll content decreased by Cd treatment, and the mutant showed more severe reduction than wild type rice. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), effective PSII quantum yield (ΦPS2), and photochemical quenching (qP) were decreased and intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci) and and non-photochemical quenching (qN) were enhanced in Cd-treated plants with the increasing of Cd exposure time, with changes in the mutant being more evident. The results suggest that Cd inhibits photosynthesis due to non-stomatal limitations and the response of PSII reaction centre and the mutant has less capacity of acclimation to Cd stress.

Abstract: The utilization of bioaugmentation in constructed wetland can enhance the effect of organic matter removal from wastewater. Obtaining effective COD degrading bacteria plays a key role in bioaugmentation. In this paper, in order to improve the capacity of organic matter removal of constructed wetland, four kinds of effective COD degrading sprains (A2,A11,B1,C4) were obtained from soil of constructed wetland by the way of segregation, primary screening and secondary screening. Through the test of microorganism construction to acquire matching groups with better growth situation and the test of technical conditions optimization inspecting the influence of PH, temperature and rotate speed of incubator shaker on COD converting rates, group A2A11,A11B1,A11C4 and B1C4 were acquired, among which the group B1C4 had the highest COD converting rates (73.74%) when PH was 6.8, temperature was 20 and rotate speed was 100r/min. Using the method of 16S rDNA sequence determination, we observed that sprain B1 had the most similarity with Bacillus simplex (T); DSM1321T; AJ439078, 99%, belonging to bacillus, and sprain C4 had the most similarity with Pseudomonas stutzeri (T); ATCC 17588; AF094748, 97%, belonging to Pseudomonas.

Abstract: Recently the issues have aroused great concern among the high price and the tight supply of raw material of mushroom cultivation, the decreasing production effectiveness, the emission and the secondary pollution of Chinese medicine residues. This paper proposes a new cultivation formula by using belladonna dregs after abstracting by alcohol instead of some wheatgrass and cow dung, with the proportion of dung: wheatgrass: belladonna dregs: other materials as 15: 3: 11: 2. This aggregate culture has better physical and chemical properties and is easy to manage compared with the traditional one. With rapid mycelia growing and fruiting, the production can be increased by 12.6% as well as a promising marketplace with 4.1 yuan of net increase value per square meter. Meanwhile, the technology could provide environmental and social benefit by extending the recycling chain of biomass recourses.

Abstract: A greenhouse pot test, in which wheat, cabbage, spinach were cultivated separately in petroleum contaminated soil with and without super absorbent polymer (SAP), was conducted to evaluated the effect of plants and SAP on soil microbiological properties. phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) profiles were analyzed to reveal the microbial communities. As a measure of the functional activity of soil microbial community, the ratio of degraded to total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in soil was estimated. The results indicated that SAP had an important effect on the soil microbial community and its degrading TPH activities. First, the principal component analysis (PCA) of the PLFA signatures revealed marked changes between soil with SAP and without SAP. In addition, the total amount and the profile of PLFA were significantly different between the untreated and SAP-amended soils. Using PLFA patterns as a biomarker, it was found that gram-positive bacteria (G⁺) were more sensitive to SAP than gram-negative bacteria (G^-), and the biomass of G⁺ was higher in soil with SAP than in that without SAP. Second, the crop could stimulate the growth of soil microorganisms; however, the differences depended clearly on the crop species. The G⁺ and G^- biomass was increased in cabbage, spinach soil containing SAP, but was decreased in wheat soils. The population of fungi was increased in cabbage and spinach soils containing SAP, but was decreased in wheat soil with SAP. The population of actinomycetes was decreased in all soils with SAP. Third, the ratio of degraded to TPH was slightly increased in soil with SAP treatment, but a significant change depended on the crop species. In total, 12 different PLFAs were identified, including saturated, monounsaturated, branched, and polyunsaturated species. There was a clear difference in the PLFAs composition between soils with and without SAP.

Abstract: The Fe/Beta catalysts were prepared by conventional incipient wetness impregnation. The catalysis oxidation degradation of methyl orange was carried out in catalyst and H₂O₂ process. The results indicated that the catalyst and hydrogen peroxide were more benefit to degradation of methyl orange. The reaction condition was optimized. The optimum reaction process was as follow: iron amount of catalyst was 1.25%, the catalyst dosage and H₂O₂ concentration was 1 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L, and reaction temperature was 70 °C. The apparent activation energy (65 KJ/mol) was obtained according to the arrhenius formula, which was benefit to study the reaction mechanism.

Abstract: The mesoporous materials with pore size expansion were synthesized by hydrothermal method with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CATB) as template. The N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMFA) amine was selected to expand the pore size of these materials. The samples were characterized by XRD, N₂ adsorption and SEM. The pore size could be changed with post treatment temperature. The range of pore size was 3.94 - 5.83 nm. The pore size didn't increase with the increasing of post treatment temperature. The SEM pictures of materials with pore expansion by post-hydrothermal treatment clearly revealed that the resulting particles were almost perfectly spherical in shape. The XRD analysis showed the typical Bragg reflections of the hexagonal V-MCM-41 material by DMFA at 130 °C for 48 h in the post hydrothermal synthesis.

Abstract: HAAs content was investigated in five meat products (including roasted chicken, mutton, beef, pork, fish) using solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography ( SPE-HPLC). The linear range was between 0.05 ~ 16.0μg ·mL^-1, the detection limits (S/N=3) were in the range of 0.13 ~ 0.42ng·g^-1, and the recoveries were in the range of 63.08 ~ 105.03%, while RSD was from 1.96 ~ 8.77%.