Advanced Materials Research Vols. 860-863

Abstract: Corrosion data may be hard to be interpreted in many cases, where the thickening of the oxide scales is simultaneously accompanied by thinning, and the mass gain verse time curves are non-monotone. For example, the thermal growth of the oxide scales (TGO) on metals may compete to basic or acidic fluxing in molten sulphate induced hot corrosion, or to volatilization in water vapor oxidation. We modified the kinetics Tedmon model, which is based on the diffusion controlled parabolic thickening and interface reaction controlled linear thinning of TGO. Both mass gain and scaling rates have been taken into account. It is theoretically deduced that the mass gain of the specimen becomes a maximum (ξ) at a specific time; and then the thickness of TGO (ζ) and the mass gain rate (v₀) of the specimen keep constant after a dynamic balance between thickening and thinning of TGO is reached. Formulations have been derived for the determination of the thickening and thinning rate of TGO using measured ξ, ζ and v₀.

Abstract: In this paper, porous silica antireflective thin film with special nanostructure has been successfully established using glass-cover board as a single precursor through a novel chemical etching route. The process mainly involves selective leaching of active component on the surface of glass such as sodium oxide, calcium oxide. The effects of etching time, acid concentration and temperature on the porous silica antireflective thin film were demonstrated. Surface microstructure and optical properties of the porous silica antireflective thin film were characterized in detail by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The results indicate the porous silica antireflective thin film were composed of granular with diameter less than 30nm, and the thickness of film was in the range of 80~100nm. Enhanced transparency (up to 94.6%) was achieved in a wide wavelength range.

Abstract: B-doped TiO₂ nanotube arrays (B-TNTs) were synthesized by anodization method combined with dip-calcination technique. The physicochemical properties and surface morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS). Methyl blue (MB) solution was utilized as the degradation model to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of B-TNTs under visible light irradiation. The results show B-TNTs shifts the absorption edge of TiO₂ nanotube arrays to the visible light region and B-TNTs displays higher photocatalytic activity compared with undoped TNTs.

Abstract: To investigate the influence of a kind of acetylene black colloidal solution (ABCs) on the regeneration of inactivation PbO₂/PbSO₄ electrode, the simulation deactivation PbO₂/PbSO₄ electrode was prepared by which PbCO₃ acted with H₂SO₄ to produce PbSO₄ and PbSO₄ was in situ electro-oxidized to PbO₂. The cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscope had been used to test the electrochemical performance and observe surface topography respectively. The experimental results show that the electrical conductivity of PbSO₄ and PbO₂ particles may be enhanced because of the adsorption of ABC particles on PbSO₄/H₂SO₄ and PbO₂/H₂SO₄ interface. Its adsorption behaviors can control the size of PbSO₄ particles. In the process of the anode reactivation, PbO₂/PbSO₄ electrode process polarization can be reduced. The electrode REDOX current and capacity are improved in H₂SO₄ with ABCs. ABC colloidal particles can be conducive to the structure improvement of the simulation deactivation PbO₂/PbSO₄ electrode. Its electrochemical performance can be reactivated.

Abstract: This paper described the present energy situation at home and abroad, and the trends of the utilization of renewable energy such as solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, and ocean energy, etc. The main problems that will occur in energy conversion and utilization were analyzed, and focused on the material problems during the utilization of renewable energy.

Abstract: The effects of additional Mg²⁺ on the growth and lipid accumulation of the microalgae Monoraphidium sp. FXY-10 under mixotrophic conditions were investigated. 100 μmol Mg²⁺ were added to the growth media during the stationary growth phase. Compared with the control (35.25%), the highest lipid content reached up to 37.13% biomass after Mg²⁺ was added to the media. Moreover, the higher lipid productivity of 79.83 mg L¹ d¹ and the biomass productivity of 214.65 mg L¹ d¹ were attained in the Mg²⁺-supplemented cultures, as compared with cultures without supplemented (72.95 mg L¹ d¹ and 179.28 mg L¹ d¹, respectively). The use of Mg²⁺ supplements were proven to stimulate cell regrowth, prolong the stationary phase, and promote lipid accumulation in Monoraphidium sp. FXY-10.

Abstract: Nanofibers of Li [Li_0.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13]O₂ with high crystallinity were easily synthesized by electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that precursor wires were glossy, and the diameters of oxide calcined at 800°C were 50-200 nm. And X-ray diffraction (XRD) exhibited perfect crystal structure. The electrochemical properties of materials with the specific morphology were significantly improved. The first charge/discharge capacity was around 309.3 and 270.2 mAh·g^-1 at 25 mA·g^-1, and the first coulomb efficiency (87.4%) represented a good efficiency for Li₂MnO₃-type electrodes. After 20 cycles, discharge capacity was over 200 mAh·g^-1 at 25 mA·g^-1, and capacity retention was 79.8% at 250 mA·g^-1.Owing to its simplicity and applicability, the electrospinning method is an promising method to fabricate high performance Li [Li_0.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13]O₂ materials for lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: To overcome the problem of volume change of SiO anode material, SiO/C composites are synthesized with different proportion of SiO and citric acid by ball milling and pyrolysis. The electrochemical performance and microstructure of the composites are investigated by XRDSEM and Land. The composite anode material shows a discharge capacity of 1768 mAh/g in the first cycle with the coulombic efficiency of 62%. After 50 cycles, the discharge capacity is about 540 mAh/g. The improved stability of the materials can be attributed to the carbon-coating formed during pyrolysis progress, which effectively buffer the volume expansion of SiO and improve the conductivity of the composites.

Abstract: LED structures with the introducing of surface PC and planer micro cavity was described to improve the light extraction efficiency of LEDs. The distributions of guided modes propagated in LED were analyzed, and the modal extraction lengths were determined using high-resolution angle-resolved measurements in order to research the interaction of each guided mode with PCs. The impact of structure parameters design on modal extraction length was learned. Result shows that PC extraction will not interfere with micro cavity effects, and can be used together to enhance LEE.

Abstract: Ten kinds of binary carbonate salts with different ratio were respectively prepared by two kinds of preparation processes and the research on thermo-physical properties, thermal stability and component analysis was worked respectively by Differential Scanning Calorimetry instrument and XRD analytical instrument. The results showed: There was little difference on melting point and decomposition point between the samples prepared by two kinds of methods and well matched with that of reference phase diagram; For the preparation of mixed carbonate, static melting method was superior to the simple mechanical grinding method through TG and DSC curves of multiple cycles; There was no new material produced in both two kinds of preparation processes from the XRD composition analysis.