Advanced Materials Research Vols. 889-890

Abstract: Patents are the manifest output of market layout. Based on global nanotechnology patents applied from 1991 to 2010, which are collected by Derwent Innovation Index database, this paper elaborates the distribution and development trends of nanotechnology in global market, through the quantitative analysis of patent distribution in five nanomarkets (materials & process, electronics & devices, biology & medicine, instrument & measurement), in hope of providing an objective statistic reference for future policy directions and academic researches.

Abstract: During investigations of freshwater fungi in Thailand, we collected four Canalisporium spp. in lotic freshwater habitat. The description and morphological photographs of new collections are illustrated. Key to freshwater species of Canalisporium are provided.

Abstract: Environmental pollution problems in the copper industry are studied from the water pollution, air pollution and soil pollution. The threshold of copper industry access should be improved and elimination of three-high backward productivity should be accelerated to solve environmental contamination in the copper industry. Meanwhile, promoting of energy conservation and emission reduction and rational exploitation for natural resources also should be valued.

Abstract: To explore new ideas for treating sludge in the urban rivers, 4 different sludge treatment schemes were proposed, the construction safety, projection duration, enthusiasm of the public, environmental coordination, resource utilization, supporting of government, benefits, and project cost of the schemes were selected as the main evaluation indexes, and the projection pursuit model was introduced to evaluate the schemes comprehensively. Results showed that: the evaluation and selection of sludge treatment schemes conformed to the calculation requirements of the projection pursuit model; S3 was the optimal sludge treatment scheme with best comprehensive benefits, the projection value of which was recorded as 1.198, much more than that of other treatments. Therefore, it was concluded that using sludge to produce brick (S3) was more appropriate for the sludge treatment in urban rivers, and which depended on the wide market of bricks and had good practical benefits. The study achievements could provide beneficial basis for the river management and the sludge treatment in cities, and also provide the practical basis for the application of statistical models on the selection of project schemes.

Abstract: The design is a creative activity of mankind in order to meet the specific needs of their own; it is also the most basic activities of the human race survival and development. Advocates eco-design, green design, made of people, the environment, resources, balance and coordination, this is a new direction of development of the new century design art. In the long run, the people and the natural environment of interdependence, symbiotic, therefore we should be designed to protect the environment, to create a good and harmonious ecological environment. Green Design is a trend of the future social development, designers make unremitting efforts and pursuit of the direction, design and the harmonious development of the natural environment that we must seriously.

Abstract: The straw carbon is made by straw stalk (carbon plant corn, wheat, etc) gasified and dry distillated in 1,200°C. The experiment disscusses performance of straw carbon absorbing phenol in different conditions (time, dosage, temperature, pH value), and modified straw carbon in different conditions to improve its adsorption performance. Results show that the best conditions for straw carbon absorbing phenol is: amount ratio of phenol and straw carbon is 0.84mg/g (C phenol = 30mg/L), temperature is 35°C, pH value is 9, the best adsorption time is 5h.The optimal modified conditions is: modified with hydrogen peroxide, solid-liquid ratio is 1:1. The phenol content in simulation wastewater is only 0.47mg/L after absorbed by modified straw carbon. It is in line with GB 8978-1996 wastewater discharge standards.

Abstract: Sewage treatment problem is a typical linear programming problem, and can be solved by method of linear programming. In order to reflect the principle of fairness and make full use of self-purification capacity of environment, this paper gives rational analysis of the sewage disposal problems in 2007 Chinese Undergraduate Mathematical Modeling Contest. The mathematical model of linear programming is established, and solved by lingo optimization software. The results show that: by the principle of fairness, investment funds increased; by the principle of self-purification capacity of environment, investment funds decreased. The results can provide guidance for decision makers to choose different scheme.

Abstract: The sulfate reducing bacterium (SRB) diversity of all samples were analyzed by PCR-DGGE technology and the Shannon-Wiener indexes (1.004-3.665) of all the samples were calculated. The results showed that the abundances, advantages and evenness of the sulfate-reducing bacterial community of all the samples showed certain change regularity along the pollution halo direction. The results of CCA analysis showed that the distribution and structure of sulfate reducing bacterium communities showed obvious correlation with the concentration of TPH, DO and other environmental factors.

Abstract: The oil spoil detection is an important problem in many applications such as oil exploration and transportation. But in some application such as sea, this task is very difficult because of the strong clutter. Many algorithms have been proposed for this problem. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) is one of those good solutions. This paper describes an application of neural network (NN) for obtaining the global optimal solution of finding oil spoil. It improves the estimation accuracy. The computation complexity is modest.