Advanced Materials Research Vols. 962-965

Abstract: On the basis of the existing research results, after a systematic research of the wavelet neural network model, we found that the slow convergence and easily get into local optimal solutions. To solve this problem, using artificial firefly optimization method to optimize the parameters in wavelet neural network, and Artificial Firefly Wavelet neural network model is established. Apply this model to the Shandong coal demand forecast achieve better results, proved that establishing artificial Firefly Wavelet neural network model is scientific and feasible.

Abstract: Abstract: In this paper we use comparative method to analyze the evolution law and development trend of aluminum resources supply and demand in China and the United States, the purpose is to predict the future China aluminum supply and demand trend. This paper analyses the primary aluminum production, secondary aluminum production, import and export volume, consumption of aluminum and other data in China from 1956 to 2013, and in the United States from 1900 to 2013. The results show that: (1) the aluminum resources supply and demand trend of the United States are in line with "S" shape, while the primary aluminum development show a trend of inverted "U" curve; (2) China primary aluminum production and consumption trend both appears inverted "U" curve; (3) China begin to reduce the external dependency of secondary aluminum with its self-sufficiency ability raise; (4) China secondary aluminum production ratio will be more than primary aluminum ratio.

Abstract: Oil distribution is large-scale multimodal systems and never considers sustainable of operation under levelized tariff while Thailand has a policy to reduce retail oil price differential gap which is unfavorable for upcountry residents. This study proposes sustainable evaluation for national energy strategy of oil distribution to the northern region of Thailand through pipeline expansion under levelized tariff. Strategic model is formulated on linear functions and used to explore value of evaluation factors. AMPL with CPLEX is powerful solver for optimizing these programming problems. In the process of model validation, oil distribution characteristics of base system are compared with previous strategic study. After analysis, the results of levelized tariff systems show success of evaluation and express appropriated oil distribution system under levelized tariff which should be enacted to operate in this region.

Abstract: Resources-exhausted cities in China have made momentous contributions to the development of the national economy for decades. with the depletion of natural resources, environment worsening, unemployment rate increasing , their sustainable development is challenging and transition is important. It is necessary to carry out countermeasures innovations to realize the successful transformation of resource-exhausted cities. This article through deeply analysing the root causes of dilemma which Chinese resource-exhausted faced and study on successful transformation experience of Kyushu, Ruhr, Lorraine,proposed the countermeasures for resource exhausted cities’ sustainable development from three aspects of legislation guarantee, policies support and economy transformation.

Abstract: Copper is one of the most valuable metals in the daily production activities of human beings. Its consumption can indicate the changes in economic structure. The regularity of copper development in the U.S. has a very far-reaching significance as well as reference value to China. This paper is based on date of copper production and consumption in China and U.S. contrasted and analyzed the development trend. The results show that the curve presented by the consumption of copper in the U.S. doesn’t totally comply with the “S” shaped rules which put forward by above-mentioned scholars, but presents the typical “M” shaped rules. The increase of China’s demand for copper, while since 1998, hasn’t presented t the “S” shaped rules, which is common among other industrialized countries, but presented the typical inverted “U” shaped rules.

Abstract: The relative carrying capacity of resources was used to analyze the dynamic changes of Dongting Lake’s flood detention basin. The relative carrying capacity of resources of flood detention basin compared with Hunan province from2004 to 2011 was calculated. The results shown that the flood detention basin is in population relatively surplus state, but its severe overloading in economy resources. The consultation was drawn as the economic compensation should be offer by downstream areas. Flood detention basin should transform economic growth mode, strict control population in resources lack and environmental vulnerability areas should be taken to reduce population growth pressures on resources.

Abstract: Natural resources industries are important for human. However, they are neither received enough attention nor there is consistent definition on them in theory and empirical studies. This paper tries to give a specific definition on natural resource industries. In order to define natural resource products as those production activities of resource specific products, it first confines the scope of natural resources, then it gives a specific definition on resource specific products, and then on natural resource industries. In the last part of this paper, it identifies resource specific products and resource industries from the perspective of statistics.

Abstract: Based on the spatial correlation of environmental pollution between adjacent regions, the new nonparametric spatial lag models are constructed to study the impacts of economic growth and foreign direct investment (FDI) on the environmental pollution in China. The results indicate that: There exists an inverted "U" shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution and the turning point of the curve is large; there exists a "U" shaped relationship between foreign direct investment and environmental pollution while the turning point of the curve is small.

Abstract: Agriculture by nature is a risky business, not only natural calamities but also other environmental factors such as political system, law, policy, social factors and many others has profoundly affecting the agricultural development. However the current paper mainly concentrates on the four main kinds of natural calamities such as drought, flood, wind hail and frost etc affecting the agricultural development of Hebei province China. In order to evaluate and mitigate the province from the agricultural natural calamities, the panel data from 1990-2012 of four agricultural natural disasters covered and affected areas are analyzed. It defined and measured the rates of disaster reduction and affected, gives the analysis and mitigation of agricultural natural disasters. According to the extent and the areas of distribution of a variety of calamities in the losses of crops, use basic statistical methods to analyze the development trend and the affected areas variation of various calamities, such as it discussed the natural calamity's long term changes in the diversity and complexity of features. Finally from the prospective of macro policy the study responds and concludes some mitigation measures to compete with agricultural natural calamities.

Abstract: Chemical fertilizer is an important agricultural product resource, is food supplier’s food. Fertilization scientific and reasonable is an important condition to stabilize output, increase output and benefit. This paper researched the factors affect quality of chemical fertilizer use correlation and econometric analyse. The result is that chemical fertilizer import quantity and fertilizer quality of one period of time delay and the price of chemical fertilizer effect fertilization differently.