Defects and Sintering-Induced Diffusion Processes in Yttria-Stabilised Zirconia Nanomaterials Studied by Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy

Abstract:

In the present work, zirconia (ZrO₂) nanopowders doped with yttria (Y₂O₃) and chromia (Cr₂O₃) were prepared by a co-precipitation technique. The nanopowders were then subjected to a calcination and a successive sintering at elevated temperatures up to 1500 °C. The nanostructures in these nanomaterials were characterized by positron annihilation spectroscopy (positron lifetimes and Doppler broadening measurements) which is a non-destructive technique with a high sensitivity to atomic-scale open-volume defects. It was found that the zirconia-based nanomaterials studied contain vacancy-like defects and nanoscale pores. Diffusion processes induced in these nanomaterials by sintering were investigated also by depth sensitive positron annihilation studies using a variable energy slow positron beam. Sintering was found to cause intensive grain growth and a removal of porosity by a migration of pores from the sample interior toward its surface.

• Periodical: Diffusion Foundations (Volume 1)
• Pages: 155-172
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DF.1.155
• Online since: April 2014
• Authors: Ivan Procházka*, Jakub Čížek, Oksana Melikhova, Wolfgang Anwand, Tetyana E. Konstantinova, Igor A. Danilenko
• Keywords: Nanopowder, Porosity, Positron Annihilation, Sintering, Zirconia

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