Properties of Silver and Copper Nanoparticle Containing Aqueous Suspensions and Evaluation of their In Vitro Activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

Abstract:

Most microorganisms grow on surfaces as biofilms rather than as individual planktonic cells, and cells within biofilms show high levels of resistance against antimicrobial drugs. Thereby biofilm formation complicates treatment and contributes to high morbidity and mortality rates associated with infections. This study explores the physical, optical, and nano-structural properties of silver and copper nanoparticles dispersed in aqueous suspensions (nanoparticulate colloidal water) and examines their in vitro activity against microbial biofilms. Silver and copper nanoparticulate colloidal water of various concentrations were prepared and studied. Their surface energies, surface charge and surface plasmonic resonance properties were determined using contact angle measurement, zeta potential measurement and optical spectrometry, respectively. A model of biofilm formation on the wells of microtiter plates was used to determine the activity of the nanoparticulate suspensions against fungal and bacterial biofilms. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the nanoparticle interactions with microbial cells within the biofilms. Results show that silver nanoparticle-containing liquids have higher surface energy than their copper counterparts; and that the surface energy increases as the concentration of silver nanoparticles increases. Altogether, the effectiveness of silver nanoparticle colloidal suspensions in controlling biofilm formation is observed and reported. For a given size of silver nanoparticles studied, it is found that the effective concentrations against microbial biofilms are far lower than their cytotoxic concentrations, indicating an overall safety and a good therapeutic index thus substantial application potential.

• Periodical: Journal of Nano Research (Volume 37)
• Pages: 109-121
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/JNanoR.37.109
• Online since: December 2015
• Authors: Melissa Montes*, Christopher G. Pierce, Jose L. Lopez-Ribot, Amar S. Bhalla, Ru Yan Guo
• Keywords: Biofilm, Colloidal, Copper, Microbe, Nanoparticles, Silver

References

[1] J.W. Costerton, Z. Lewandowski, D.E. Caldwell, D.R. Korber, H.M. Lappin-Scott, Annual Review on Microbiology, 49 (1995) 711-745.

DOI: 10.1146/annurev.mi.49.100195.003431

[2] J.J. Harrison, R.J. Turner, L.L. Marques, C. Howard, American Scientist, (2005) 508, 510-515.

[3] D. Davies, Nature Drug Discovery, 2 (2003) 114-122.

[4] C.A. Fux, J.W. Costerton, P.S. Stewart, P. Stoodley, TRENDS in Microbiology, 13 (2005) 34-40.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2004.11.010

[5] H.F. Wertheim, M.C. Voss, A. Belkum, A. Voss, J.A. Kluytmans, P.H.V. Keulen, C.M. Vandenbroucke, M.H. Meester, H.A. Verbrugh, The Lancet, 364 (2004) 703-705.

DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16897-9

[6] A.G. Mainous, V.A. Diaz, E.M. Matheson, S.H. Gregorie, W.J. Hueston, Public Health Reports, 126 354-360.

DOI: 10.1177/003335491112600309

[7] G. Brown, D. Denning, N. Gow, S. Levitz, M. Netea, T. White, SCi Transl Med, 4 (2012).

[8] M. Pfaller, D. Diekema, Clin Microbiol Rev, 20 (2007) 133-163.

[9] O. Gudlaugsson, S. Gillespie, K. Lee, J.V. Berg, J. Hu, S. Messer, Clin Infect Dis, 37 (2003) 1172-1177.

[10] C.G. Pierce, P. Uppuluri, A.R. Tristan, F.L. Wormley, E. Mowat, G. Ramage, J.L. Lopez-Ribot, Nature Protocols, 3 (2008) 1494-1500.

DOI: 10.1038/nport.2008.141

[11] R.V. Ravishankar, B.A. Jamuna, Science against microbial pathogens, (2011) 192-209.

[12] S. Gavanji, B. Larki, M. Mehrasa, Technical Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, (2013) 48-58.

[13] G. Cao, Nanostructures and Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications, Imperial College Press, London, UK, (2004).

[14] E. Roduner, Nanoscopic Materials Size-depedent Phenomena, The Royal Society of Chemestry, United Kingdom, (2006).

[15] E. Roduner, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 35 (2006) 583-592.

[16] M.J. Hajipour, K.M. Fromm, A.A. Ashkarran, D.J. d. Aberasturi, I.R. d. Larramendi, T. Rojo, V. Serpooshan, W.J. Parak, M. Mahmoudi, Trends in Biotechnology, (2012) 1-13.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.06.004

[17] S. Prabhu, E.K. Poulose, International Nano Letters, (2012) 32-42.

[18] R. Roy, M.R. Hoover, A.S. Bhalla, T. Slawecki, S. Dey, W. Cao, J. Li, S. Bhaskar, Materials Research Innovations, 11 (2007) 3-4.

[19] D.Y. Kwok, A.W. Neumann, Advances in Colloidal and Interface Science, 81 (1999) 167-249.

[20] C.M. Agrawal, J.L. Ong, M.R. Appleford, G. Mani, Introduction to Biomaterials: Basic Theory with Engineering Applications, Cambridge University Press, United States of America, (2014).

DOI: 10.1017/cbo9781139035545

[21] G. Bracco, B. Holst, Surface Science Techniques, Springer, United Kingdom (2013).

[22] Malvern Instruments, Malvern Instruments2012, pp.1-14.

[23] nanoComposix, nanoComposix2012.

[24] Z. Chen, L. Gao, Materials Research Bulletin, 42 (2007) 1657-1661.

[25] D.D. EvanoffJr., G. Chumanov, ChemPhysChem Minireviews, 6 (2005) 1221-1231.

[26] J.A. Scholl, A.L. Koh, J.A. Dionne, Nature Drug Discovery, 483 (2012) 421-428.

[27] U. Kreibig, L. Genzel, Surface Science 156, (1985) 678-700.

[28] J.Z. Zhang, Optical Properties and Spectroscopy of Nanomaterials, World Scientific Publishing Co, United States of America, (2009).

[29] H.H. Gerets, E. Hanon, M. Cornet, S. Dhalluin, O. Depelchin, M. Canning, Toxicology in vitro: an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 23 (2009) 319-332.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.11.012

[30] W.G. Schoonen, J.A. d. Roos, W.M. Westerink, E. Debiton, Toxicology in vitro: an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 19 (2005) 491-503.