Phytoremediation of Zinc Ions from Aquatic Macrophytes

Abstract:

Heavy metal pollution has been a primary environmental concern that arises from various human activities, including industrial development and technological advancement in manufacturing processes. Conventional wastewater treatment technologies for addressing heavy metals from industrial effluents involve using expensive and hazardous chemicals, which create secondary pollution if the disposal of the used absorbent is not appropriately handled. Phytoremediation is an alternative way for wastewater treatment towards green and sustainable development. This study investigated the duckweed uptake ability from the Lemnaceae family and its surface morphology after phytoremediation. Overall, the studied duckweeds demonstrated the ability to remove the zinc ions from the synthetic wastewater with an initial zinc concentration of 10 mg/L and 300 mg/L at the ambient conditions with a 16:8 hours photoperiod. The highest zinc ions removal rate from 300 mg/L zinc synthetic wastewater was performed by Wolffia arrhiza on Day 5 (69.16 %), followed by Lemna minor (58.88 %) and Spirodela polyrhiza (50.52 %). The removal of zinc ions can be proven by the surface morphology of the duckweeds, in which numerous particles attached to the duckweeds can be observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images after phytoremediation. The zinc weight percent in all the studied species increased after phytoremediation. Hence, this study concludes that duckweed species can be chosen as accumulators during phytoremediation to remove zinc ions from the sources within a short period.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 1002)
• Pages: 133-137
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ta8ZbI
• Online since: December 2024
• Authors: Jia Wei Tai, Yean Ling Pang*, Lim Steven, Woon Chan Chong
• Keywords: Duckweeds, Lemnaceae, Phytoremediation, Zinc Ions

References

[1] Sharma P. Role and significance of biofilm-forming microbes in phytoremediation - a review. Environ. Technol. Innov. 2022; 25:102182

DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2021.102182

[2] Zhang D, Li J, Li X, Wang M, Zhong Y and Chen G. Phytoremediation of fluoroalkylethers (ether-PFASs): a review on bioaccumulation and ecotoxilogical effects. Sci. Total Environ. 2023; 865:161260

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161260

[3] Zhou Y, Stepanenko A, Kishchenko O, Xu J, Borisjuk N. Duckweeds for phytoremediation of polluted water. Plants. 2023; 12(3):589

DOI: 10.3390/plants12030589

[4] Prasetya, A., Prihutami, P., Dhevi, A. and Fahrurrozi, M. Characteristic of Hg removal using zeolite adsorption and Echinodorus palaefolius phytoremediation in subsurface flow constructed wetland (SSF-CW) model. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2020; 8(3):103781

DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.103781

[5] Baek, G.Y., Saeed, M. and Choi, H.K. Duckweeds: their utilisation, metabolites and cultivation. Appl. Biol. Chem. 2021; 64:73

DOI: 10.1186/s13765-021-00644-z

[6] Parihar A, Malaviya P. Textile wastewater phytoremediation using Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. assisted by novel bacterial consortium in a two-step remediation system. Environ. Res. 2023; 221:115307

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115307

[7] Polińska W, Piotrowska-niczyporuk A, Karpińska J, Struk-Sokołowska J, Kotowska U. Mechanisms, toxicity and optimal conditions - research on the removal of benzotriazoles from water using Wolffia arrhiza. Sci. Total Environ. 2022; 847:157571

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157571

[8] Kislioglu MS. Removal of Ag, Au, and As from acid mine water using Lemna gibba and Lemna minor: a performance analysis. Water. 2023; 14(7):1293

DOI: 10.3390/w15071293

[9] Du, L., Yang, H., Xie, J., Han, L., Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Chen, Y. and Su, R. The potential of Paulownia fortunei L. for the phytoremediation of Pb. Forests. 2023; 14(6):1245.

DOI: 10.3390/f14061245

[10] Yang G. Duckweed is a promising feedstock of biofuels: advantages and approaches. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022; 23:15231

DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315231