Key Engineering Materials Vols. 353-358

Abstract: The high energy ball milling of Ni-50 atom % Si elemental powder mixtures was carried out using a planetary mill. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the phase evolutions during the high energy ball milling period. The microstructure morphology of the powders milled different time was determined by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The beginning time of mechanical alloying was determined by back scattered electrons (BSE) images. The XRD patterns showed that the nickel peaks intensity and the silicon peaks intensity obviously decreased with milling time increased to 1 hour. BSE images revealed that nickel and silicon powders were not blended uniformly for 1 hour of milling. It was found that NiSi formed as the milling time increased to 5 hours, simultaneously, the nickel peaks and the silicon peaks almost disappeared. That means the obvious mechanical alloying started from 5 hours of milling. BSE images agreed with the result analyzed from XRD patterns. With the milling time further increased from 10 to 75 hours, the NiSi peaks decreased gradually, at the same time, the Ni2Si peaks appeared and then increased gradually.

Abstract: In order to develop the prehardened plastic-mould SWFT steel for big section without quenching and tempering, the influence of carbon on the microstructure and corresponding hardness of steel under both air and sand cooling were investigated. It was demonstrated that when the carbon content of steels increased, the stability of overcooling austenite increased and the hardness difference decreased because of the decrease of bulk ferrite and the increase of bainite. The microstructure of No.8 steel under both air and sand cooling was mostly bainite and the hardness difference was less than 3HRC.And the No.8 steel had good machineability by the turning comparative experiment of No.8 steel and 45# steel. The prehardened plastic mould SWFT steel for big large section was produced successfully based on the experiment result.

Abstract: According to the conditions that hot work die steels, for example H13 and HOTVAR, were used, the main chemical compositions and the ranges of their contents were determined as follows: 0.25~0.6%C, 0.5~1.5%Si, 0.2~1%Mn, 2~6%Cr, 1~3%Mo and 0.3~1.5%V. Based on uniform design, six kinds of steels and the following heat treatment schemes were designed. The tempering resistance and the impact toughness at room temperature were measured. The results were analyzed by quadratic stepwise regression analysis, the relationships between the chemical compositions, the heat treatment processes and the properties were studied in detail, the influence coefficients and the influence tendencies of the main variables were also given in this paper.

Abstract: Large-sized Fe-based ODS (Oxide Dispersive Strengthen) high-temperature alloy sheets were successfully synthesized by EBPVD (Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition) technique. The sheets were about 120μm thick, and having a diameter of 1000mm, whose surface roughness was less than 1μm (Ra<1μm). The microstructures were examined by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The grain size was 1-4μm. When the substrate temperature was 600°C, the sheet had sharp irregular polyhedral grain, and when the substrate temperature was 700°C the sheet had quite regular grains. The morphological orientation angle increased with the distance from the center of the sheet. During the first period of deposition, the sheet was growing in a G-L-S mode, which corresponded with the corn-like microstructure in the cross-section. While during the final period, the sheet changed into a G-S growing mode, which corresponded to the smooth columnar microstructure.

Abstract: High performance alloy spring steel D701 for accelerated railway wagons is improved 60Si2CrVA steel. Its properties have been better than 60Si2CrVA steel.The difference between of them is using controlled rolling process for D701 steel.The affect of hot treatment process was studied by orthogonal test on D701 steel property in the article. The mechanical property σs is 1800MPa; σb is 1925MPa; δ is 9.5%, ψ is 36.5%.

Abstract: A new micro-arc oxidation method with a home-made asymmetric alternating-current (ac) power supply for forming an anti-corrosion ceramic coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy was presented, and two different silicate-based and aluminate-based preparing solutions were introduced to coating formation. The effect of many processing parameters on the growth and performance of the formed ceramic coating was investigated. It was found that the electrolyte concentration, current density, treating time duration and other parameters have significant influence on the coating morphology and anti-corrosion performance. Through the polarization curve test, it showed that the coating oxidized in silicate solution has better corrosion-resistance due to its continuous and compact structure than that formed in aluminate solution. The morphology and microstructure of the coating were analyzed through SEM, XRD technology. The coating consists of two layers, i.e., loose layer and compact layer. The compositions and phase structures varied with electrolytes, and it was found that the micro-arc oxidation coating prepared in silicate solution is composed of MgO and Mg2SiO4, while the coating prepared in aluminate is mainly composed of MgAl2O4.

Abstract: Oxygen-free copper was processed by equal channel angular pressing with different numbers of ECAP process cycles, NP. Tensile strength was increased with an increase in NP, but it tended to saturate after NP = 4. Conversely, elongation was dramatically decreased by first pressing, but it tended to saturate up to NP = 3, followed by slight increasing trend after NP = 4. Fatigue tests of specimens processed with NP = 4 and 8 were performed. The change in surface morphologies during fatigue was monitored successively. In addition to this, the change in surface hardness was measured. Significant decrease in surface hardness due to cyclic stresses was measured. The physical basis of fatigue damage of UFG copper was discussed based on the experimental results.

Abstract: Precipitates have great influence on the recrystallization, texture evolution and thus the final mechanical properties of the Interstitial-Free (IF) steel sheets, however, very few studies have dealt with the precipitation behavior of IF steels warm rolled in ferrite region. In the present work, the precipitate characteristics (type, morphology, size and amount) of warm-rolled ordinary Ti-stabilized Interstitial-Free (Ti-IF) steel and p-added high-strength Ti-IF steel were investigated by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Energy Dispersion Spectrometer (EDS). The results show that most precipitates in warm-rolled ordinary Ti-IF steels are TiN, TiS, Ti4C2S2 and TiC. Besides these precipitates, a great amount of FeTiP precipitates exist in warm-rolled P-added high-strength Ti-IF steel. The precipitation of FeTiP retards the migration of grain boundary in the recrystallization annealing, so the {111} texture and thus deep drawability of warm-rolled high-strength Ti-IF steel is deteriorated.

Abstract: In this paper, effects of ferritic rolling process on microstructures and mechanical properties especially drawability of ultra-low carbon (ULC) and Ti-stabilized interstitial-free (Ti-IF) steels were investigated and the precipitates of ferritic-rolled Ti-IF steels were also analyzed. The results show that good deep drawability are achieved as IF steels are ferritic rolled in good lubricant condition; on the contrary, lubricant condition has less influence on the deep drawability of ULC steels. And with the decrease of rolling temperature in ferrite region, deep drawability of Ti-IF steels are improved, but for ULC steels, when ferritic rolled at low temperature, the r-value is still less than one, which means insignificant deep drawability.

Abstract: The process of Electron Beam-Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) preparing SiC coating by Electron Beam evaporating 3C-SiC ingot on stainless steel (SS) substrate was firstly discussed as a preliminary estimation from thermodynamic viewpoint. The results show that, with the temperature increasing from 2500 to 3400 K, the purity of SiC coating increases from 0.58 to 0.734.