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Innovative Approaches to Radiation Shielding in Healthcare: The Role of Bismuth Doped Phosphate Glass

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Abstract:

Currently, X-rays are extensively utilized in various fields, particularly in medical diagnostics. X-rays have played a pivotal role in diagnosing diseases in patients. To ensure the safe use of radiation, it is essential to consider the effects of radiation on the personnel involved. Radiation protection must be implemented by minimizing exposure time and increasing the distance from the radiation source, alongside the use of radiation shielding, in accordance with the principle of As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA). This study employed bismuth (Bi) as the shielding material due to its high radiation protection efficiency and low toxicity. Specifically, the radiation shielding properties of bismuth-metal phosphate glass were investigated, with the following chemical formula: (70-x)P2O5: 15NaF: 5ZnF2: 10AlF3: xBi2O3, where x represents the mole percentage of Bi2O3, with values of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15. The results indicated that the glass's ability to shield against X-rays improved as the quantity of bismuth oxide increased. This was evaluated through experiments conducted with an X-ray machine, adjusting the technique to 50-120 kVp, 100 mA, and 2s. As the mole percentage of bismuth oxide increased, the measured radiation values decreased. The linear attenuation coefficient (µ) increased, while the half-value layer (HVL) and tenth-value layer (TVL) decreased, and the mean free path (MFP) also decreased. When compared to standard materials, bismuth-metal phosphate glass demonstrated superior radiation shielding effectiveness. Based on the findings of this research, bismuth-based phosphate glass is considered a promising material for safe radiation shielding in future applications.

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Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1162)

Pages:

47-52

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-6Vb5h7

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Online since:

October 2025

Authors:

Ornnattha Ornketphon, Puwadon Morpa, Piyachat Meejitpaisan, Jakrapong Kaewkhao, Siriprapa Kaewjaeng*

Keywords:

Bismuth, HVL, Radiation Innovation, Radiation Shielding, Shielding Materials

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© 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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* - Corresponding Author

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