Paper Titles
Vibration Characteristics of a Laminated Composite Plate with a Surface-Bonded PZT Patch under Classical Boundary Conditions: A Finite Element Study
p.53
Green Sandwich Composite Structures for UAV Wings: Experimental Validation and Numerical Simulation
p.67
A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Silane Coupling Agent and Epoxidized Natural Rubber as Compatibilizers in Polybutylene Succinate/Rice Flour Biocomposites
p.73
Review a Comparative of the Use of Pore Formers to Increase Porosity in Planar Anode Elements of NiO YSZ Based SOFCs
p.85
Current Progress Material Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
p.95
Sustainable Materials for Biomass Gasification: Enhancing Syngas Quality through Catalytic and Green Innovation
p.107
Quasi-Atomic Nickel Hydroxides Loaded on Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Light-Driven Catalysis
p.115
Eu (II) Incorporation in Calcite: Phase Transformation and Photoluminescence
p.123
Compressive Response of Smart Mg-NiTi Interpenetrating Phase Composites Comprising Functionally Graded Schwarz-P Surfaces: A Numerical Study
p.133

Current Progress Material Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

Article Preview

Abstract:

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are among the most promising clean energy technologies, yet their widespread commercialization is hindered by high operating temperatures, material degradation, and cost challenges. Recent advances in anode, cathode, and electrolyte materials have enabled SOFCs to operate efficiently at intermediate temperatures (500–800 °C), thereby reducing thermal stress and manufacturing costs. For instance, gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) has demonstrated up to three times higher ionic conductivity than yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) at 600 °C, while perovskite-based cathodes such as LSCF (La₀.₆Sr₀.₄Co₀.₂Fe₀.₈O₃−δ) exhibit superior catalytic activity and stability compared to conventional lanthanum manganite. This review critically analyzes the progress in SOFC material development, highlights key fabrication strategies such as spin coating and advanced thin-film deposition, and evaluates techno-economic considerations for scaling up. The study also outlines future research directions including nanostructuring, hybrid electrolytes, and durability testing to accelerate commercialization.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Alloys, Composites, Materials for Catalysis and Energy Conversion and Advanced Materials View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1194)

Pages:

95-106

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-tHnO8P

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

June 2026

Authors:

Sulistyo Solihin*, Muhammad Naufal Amanullah, Rayhan Calista

Keywords:

Anode, Cathode, Electrolyte, Process, Sintering, SOFC

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

References

[1] Mendonça, C., Ferreira, A., & Santos, D. M. F. (2021). Towards the commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells: Recent advances in materials and integration strategies. Fuels, 2(4), 393–419.

DOI: 10.3390/fuels2040023

Google Scholar

[2] Johnson, I. Environment Matters at the World Bank: Annual Review 2001. Available online: https://openknowledge.worldbank. org/handle/10986/13987.

Google Scholar

[3] Zhang, Y.; Knibbe, R.; Sunarso, J.; Zhong, Y.; Zhou, W.; Shao, Z.; Zhu, Z. Recent Progress on Advanced Materials for Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells Operating below 500 C. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1700132. [CrossRef] Zhang, X.; Chan, S.H.; Li, G.; Ho, H.K.; Li, J.; Feng, Z. A review of integration strategies for solid oxide fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2010, 195, 685–702. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1002/adma.201770345

Google Scholar

[4] Sreedhar, I.; Agarwal, B.; Goyal, P.; Singh, S.A. Recent advances in material and performance aspects of solid oxide fuel cells. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2019, 848, 113315. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113315

Google Scholar

[5] Abdalla, A.M.; Hossain, S.; Petra, P.M.I.; Ghasemi, M.; Azad, A.K. Achievements and trends of solid oxide fuel cells in clean energy field: A perspective review. Front. Energy 2020, 14, 359–382. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1007/s11708-018-0546-2

Google Scholar

[6] Abdalla, A.M.; Hossain, S.; Petra, P.M.I.; Ghasemi, M.; Azad, A.K. Achievements and trends of solid oxide fuel cells in clean energy field: A perspective review. Front. Energy 2020, 14, 359–382. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1007/s11708-018-0546-2

Google Scholar

[7] Ormerod, R.M. Solid oxide fuel cells. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2003, 32, 17–28. [CrossRef].

Google Scholar

[8] Zakaria, Z.; Kamarudin, S.K.; Timmiati, S.N. Membranes for direct ethanol fuel cells: An overview. Appl. Energy 2016, 163, 334–342. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.124

Google Scholar

[9] Zakaria, Z.; Awang Mat, Z.; Abu Hassan, S.H.; Boon Kar, Y. A review of solid oxide fuel cell component fabrication methods toward lowering temperature. Int. J. Energy Res. 2020, 44, 594–611. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1002/er.4907

Google Scholar

[10] Dodds, P.E.; Staffell, I.; Hawkes, A.D.; Li, F.; Grünewald, P.; McDowall, W.; Ekins, P. Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies for heating: A review. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 2015, 40, 2065–2083. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.059

Google Scholar

[11] Cowin, P.I.; Petit, C.T.G.; Lan, R.; Irvine, J.T.S.; Tao, S. Recent progress in the development of anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells. Adv. Energy Mater. 2011, 1, 314–332. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201100108

Google Scholar

[12] Chao, C.-C.; Hsu, C.-M.; Cui, Y.; Prinz, F.B. Improved solid oxide fuel cell performance with nanostructured electrolytes. ACS Nano 2011, 5, 5692–5696. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1021/nn201354p

Google Scholar

[13] F. Tietz, Materials selection for solid oxide fuel cells, Mater. Sci. Forum 426–432 (2003) 4465–4470.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.426-432.4465

Google Scholar

[14] S.C. Singhal, Solid oxide fuel cells for clean and efficient power generation, Presentation to Boston University, May 30, 2003.

Google Scholar

[15] S. Adler, Solid oxide fuel cells, Course Notes, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, 2003. [4] E. Ivers-Tiff´ ee, A. Weber, D. Herbstritt, Materials and technologies for SOCF-components, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 21 (2001) 1805–1811.

Google Scholar

[16] EG&G Services, Fuel Cell Handbook, 5th ed., 2000.http://www.fuelcells.org/fchandbook.pdf.

Google Scholar

[17] E. Ivers-Tiff´ ee, A. Weber, D. Herbstritt, Materials and technologies for SOCF-components, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 21 (2001) 1805–1811.

Google Scholar

[18] M. Nasr, A. Abdelkader, S. El-Nahas, A. I. Osman, A. Abdelhaleem, H. A. El Nazer, D. W. Rooney, S. A. Halawy, ACS Omega 2023, 9, 1962.

DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09043

Google Scholar

[19] T. Kober, H. W. Schiffer, M. Densing, E. Panos, Energy Strategy Rev. 2020, 31, 100523; b)R. Newell, D. Raimi, G. Aldana, Resour. Future, 2019, 1, 8.

DOI: 10.1016/j.esr.2020.100523

Google Scholar

[20] S. Fawzy, A. I. Osman, J. Doran, D. W. Rooney, Environ. Chem. Lett. 2020, 18, 2069; b) S.A. Halawy, A. I. Osman, M. Nasr, D. W. Rooney, ACS Omega 2022, 7, 38856.

DOI: 10.1007/s10311-020-01059-w

Google Scholar

[21] Li, J., Cheng, J., Zhang, Y., Chen, Z., Nasr, M., Farghali, M., Rooney, D. W., Yap, P.-S., & Osman, A. I. (2024). Advancements in solid oxide fuel cell technology: Bridging performance gaps for enhanced environmental sustainability. Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research, 5(11), 2400132.

DOI: 10.1002/aesr.202400132

Google Scholar

[22] Li, M., Zhao, H., Lu, Y., Zhao, Z., & Liu, W. (2024). Multi-objective optimization design of functionally graded cathode-supported solid oxide fuel cell with consideration of anode functional layer. Journal of Power Sources, 610, 233645.

Google Scholar

[23] Ji, W., Zhou, Z., Wang, C., Xu, H., Gong, S., & Zhao, Z. (2024). Preparation and characterization of ZnO-based varistor using mixed-rare-earth oxides as additives. Energies, 17(20), 5526. MDPI.

Google Scholar

[24] Febriandyono, M. F. (2025). Pengembangan material dan metode fabrikasi Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) [Tesis, Universitas Diponegoro].

Google Scholar

[25] S. Adler, Solid oxide fuel cells, Course Notes, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, 2003.

Google Scholar

[26] S.P.S. Badwal, K. Foger, Materials for solid oxide fuel cells, Mater. Forum 21 (1997) 187– 224.

Google Scholar

[27] E. Maguire, B. Gharbage, F.M.B. Marques, J.A. Labrincha, Cath ode materials for intermediate temperature SOFCs, Solid State Ion. 127 (2000) 329–335.

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2738(99)00286-6

Google Scholar

[28] S.C. Singhal, Advances in solid oxide fuel cell technology, Solid State Ion. 135 (2000) 305– 313.

DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2738(00)00452-5

Google Scholar

[29] X. Zhang, S. Ohara, R. Maric, K. Mukai, T. Fukui, H. Yoshida, M. Nishimura, T. Inagaki, K. Miura, NI-SDC cermet anode for medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with lanthanum gallate electrode, J. Power Sources 83 (1999) 170–177.

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-7753(99)00293-1

Google Scholar

[30] J. Morse, R. Graff, P. Hayes, A. Jankowski, Porous thin-film anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 575 (2000) 321–324.

DOI: 10.1557/proc-575-321

Google Scholar

[31] R. Gorte, S. Park, J. Vohs, C. Want, Anodes for direct oxidation of dry hydrocarbons in a solid oxide fuel cell, Adv. Mater. 12 (2000) 1465–1469.

DOI: 10.1002/1521-4095(200010)12:19<1465::aid-adma1465>3.0.co;2-9

Google Scholar

[32] P. Singh, J. Stevenson, SECA core technology program overview, in: Proceedings of the Fourth Annual SECA Meeting, April 15, 2003.

Google Scholar

[33] [112] K. T. Lee, H. S. Yoon, E. D. Wachsman, J. Mater. Res. 2012, 27, 2063.

Google Scholar

[34] Z. Shi, F. Dong, Z. Tang, X. Dong, Chem. Eng. J. 2023, 473, 145476.

Google Scholar

[35] S. Dwivedi, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2020, 45, 23988.

Google Scholar

[36] S. E. Shmelev, J. C. J. M. van den Bergh, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 2016, 60, 679;.

Google Scholar

[37] P. Kaur, K. Singh, Ceram. Int. 2020, 46, 5521.

Google Scholar

[38] Y. Shi, N. Ni, Q. Ding, X. Zhao, J. Mater. Chem. A 2022, 10, 2256.

Google Scholar

[39] H. W. C. Heraeus, Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie 1899, 6, 41.

Google Scholar

[40] Y. Ji, J. A. Kilner, M. F. Carolan, Solid State Ionics 2005, 176, 937

Google Scholar

[41] A. Samreen, M. S. Ali, M. Huzaifa, N. Ali, B. Hassan, F. Ullah, S. Ali, N. A. Arifin, Chem. Rec. 2023, 24, e202300247.

Google Scholar

[42] Abdalla, A.M.; Hossain, S.; Petra, P.M.I.; Ghasemi, M.; Azad, A.K. Achievements and trends of solid oxide fuel cells in clean energy field: A perspective review. Front. Energy 2020, 14, 359–382. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1007/s11708-018-0546-2

Google Scholar

[43] Ormerod, R.M. Solid oxide fuel cells. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2003, 32, 17–28. [CrossRef).

Google Scholar

[44] Kim, Y.N.; Kim, J.-H.; Huq, A.; Paranthaman, M.P.; Manthiram, A. (Y0.5In0.5) Ba (Co, Zn)4O7 cathodes with superior high temperature phase stability for solid oxide fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2012, 214, 7–14. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.03.050

Google Scholar

[45] Sun, C.; Hui, R.; Roller, J. Cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells: A review. J. Solid State Electrochem. 2010, 14, 1125–1144. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1007/s10008-009-0932-0

Google Scholar

[46] Jiang, Y.; Virkar, A. V A high performance, anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell operating on direct alcohol. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2001, 148, A706. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1149/1.1375166

Google Scholar

[47] Satardekar, P.; Montinaro, D.; Sglavo, V.M. Fe-doped YSZ electrolyte for the fabrication of metal supported-SOFC by co-sintering. Ceram. Int. 2015, 41, 9806–9812. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.04.053

Google Scholar

[48] Prakash, B.S.; Pavitra, R.; Kumar, S.S.; Aruna, S.T. Electrolyte bi-layering strategy to improve the performance of an intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell: A review. J. Power Sources 2018, 381, 136–155. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.02.003

Google Scholar

[49] Zhang, Y.; Knibbe, R.; Sunarso, J.; Zhong, Y.; Zhou, W.; Shao, Z.; Zhu, Z. Recent Progress on Advanced Materials for Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells Operating below 500 C. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1700132. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1002/adma.201770345

Google Scholar

[50] Dodds, P.E.; Staffell, I.; Hawkes, A.D.; Li, F.; Grünewald, P.; McDowall, W.; Ekins, P. Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies for heating: A review. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 2015, 40, 2065–2083. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.059

Google Scholar

[51] Tucker, M.C. Progress in metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells: A review. J. Power Sources 2010, 195, 4570–4582. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.02.035

Google Scholar

[52] Cowin, P.I.; Petit, C.T.G.; Lan, R.; Irvine, J.T.S.; Tao, S. Recent progress in the development of anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells. Adv. Energy Mater. 2011, 1, 314–332. [CrossRef].

DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201100108

Google Scholar

[53] Wu, F., Liu, L., Wang, S., Xu, J., Lu, P., Yan, W., Peng, J., Wu, D., & Li, H. (2022). Solid. state ionics – Selected topics and new directions. Progress in Materials Science, 126(January 2021), 100921.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.100921

Google Scholar

[54] Pihlatie, M., Kaiser, A., & Mogensen, M. (2009). Mechanical properties of NiO/Ni-YSZ composites depending on temperature, porosity and redox cycling. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 29(9), 1657–1664.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2008.10.017

Google Scholar

[55] Ihara, M., Matsuda, K., Sato, H., & Yokoyama, C. (2004). Solid state fuel storage and utilization through reversible carbon deposition on an SOFC anode. Solid State Ionics, 175(1– 4), 51–54.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.09.020

Google Scholar

[56] Natsir, N., Ramadhan, M. I., Sutisna, M., Mulyadi, A., & Fudholi, A. (2023). Fabrication of dense thin film LSM/YSZ cathode using spin coating method for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Evergreen, 10(2), 142–149.

Google Scholar

[57] Wincewicz, K. C., & Cooper, J. S. (2005). Taxonomies of SOFC material costs. Journal of Power Sources, 140(2), 280–296.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.08.049

Google Scholar