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Meanwhile, it impedes the formation of precipitate-free zone (PFZ) along grain boundary and therefore decreases the corrosion sensitivity of Al-Li alloys [4].
Accordingly, a large number of d¢ precipitates are observed, which are attached to q¢¢ precipitates (Fig.2-a).
Weak spots of T1 precipitates in the [112]Al SAED pattern are found and a small number of T1 precipitates are observed (Fig.2-b).
While, the number density of T1 precipitates is further increased with a little reduction in diameter (Fig.3-f).
In the alloy after predeformation-free aging for 58 h (peak-aging), there exist a large number of T1 precipitates with a small number of S¢ (Al2CuMg) precipitates (Fig.4-a).

Making China the number of cement concrete road construction in recent years, increasing year by year.
Coarse aggregate concrete surface must be graded with the system expected, the maximum diameter divided by 2 to 4 for grain size of aggregate blending.
Table 2 The technical level of fine aggregate requirements Project Technical Requirements Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 The largest single grain size of sand crushing value（%） ＜20 ＜25 ＜30 Chloride（Chloride ions by mass %） ＜0.01 ＜0.02 ＜0.06 Firmness (By mass loss%) ＜6 ＜8 ＜10 Mica (By mass%) ＜1.0 ＜2.0 ＜2.0 The clay content of sand (By mass%) ＜1.0 ＜2.0 ＜3.0 The mud content of sand (By mass%) ＜0 ＜1.0 ＜2.0 Less than 1.4 MB of sand or stone powder qualified (By mass%) ＜3.0 ＜5.0 ＜7.0 Sand in the value of not less than 1.4 MB or qualified dust content (By mass%) ＜1.0 ＜3.0 ＜5.0 Organic content (Colorimetry) Qualified Qualified Qualified Sulfide and sulfate (Quality by SO3计%) ＜0.5 ＜0.5 ＜0.5 Light material (By mass %) ＜1.0 ＜1.0 ＜1.0 Compressive strength of sand rock Igneous rock not less than 100MPa; metamorphic rocks of not less than 80 MPa; sedimentary rock of not less than 60 MPa Apparent density ＞2500kg/m3 Loose bulk density ＞1350 kg/m3 Void ＜47% Alkali-aggregate　reaction The alkali-aggregate reaction

Hemicellulose and lignin removal from brewer’s spent grain or steam pretreated corn stover make cellulose fibers more susceptible to the enzymatic attack, thus increased the glucose yield [6, 7], and it was also reported that biomass subjected to dilute-acid pretreatment to remove hemicellulose made it more susceptible to enzymatic attack [8, 9].
Viable yeast number was determined by plate counting method.
Roberto, “Effect of hemicellulose and lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose from brewer’s spent grain,” Enzyme Microb Technol, 2008, 43: 124-129

Endurance measurement: evolution of the flat-band voltage for the write and erase state with the number of write/erase cycles performed.
Figure 7. a) SEM plan view image of as deposited titanium oxide nanoparticle film b) SEM plan view image of high-voltage titanium oxide nanoparticle film, larger grains are visible compared with case (a).
On the other hand, the high-voltage sample (Figure 7b and Figure 7d) exhibit a NP film with large grains, much larger than the single NPs, with a mean diameter of ~20-30 nm.

Yao et al. [7] combined SPS and resistance sintering under a high pressure and obtained dense tungsten with very fine grains.
It enabled low temperature sintering and produced dense zirconia and ceria ceramics with very fine grain size.
A part of this work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 23560799.

The objective is to reveal components of NRM that are carried by ferromagnetic grains within a particular interval of coercivity or blocking temperature. .Resistance to demagnetization is often discussed in terms of stability of NRM,with low-stability components easily demagnetized and high-stability components removed only at high levels of demagnetization.
From the result NRM measurement of three core samples that are representative of core samples measured after given AFD up to 800 Oe, one representative sample result as number of 102 can be seen in the figure 2 A.
The measurement of Isothermal Remanent Magnetization (IRM) and Anhysteretic Magnetization (ARM) will see the carrier mineral magnetic properties and grain size of particles carrying magnetic properties of core.

Availability of electricity, household appliances and an ever-increasing number of smart applications has led to the concept of 'Responsive Architecture' [2] in the late 1960´s.
Within the reshaping process of both production methods an ultra-fine-grained (UFG) structure and therefore a material solidification occurs in the transformed area optimizing structural behaviour [12,13,14].
Müller: Formation of ultrafine-grained microstructure in HSLA steel profiles by linear flow splitting, in: Journal of Material Sciences 43, (2008) pp. 7307-7312 [13] C.

By mathematically increasing the number of grains to infinity in this micromechanical model, Ikeda et al. [15,16] have obtained a new macroscopic constitutive model, which is considerably easier to operate.
This means that infinitesimal grains are arranged continuously in order of the energy required for the phase transformation (RTE: required transformation energy) from the bottom.

The absence of work hardening during plastic deformation somehow has an analogy with those observed in some ultrafine-grained metals made for instance by severely plastic deformation [6], and in quasicrystals as well [7].
A number of spherical i-phase particles precipitate, which is embedded in a glass matrix.
Most likely, the dislocations in nano i-phase were not thermally activated at low temperatures, and the nanometer scaled grains are free of dislocations.

Researchers have reported that Ni and Cr crystals in the case of specimens annealed in air, form oxides such as CrxOy or NijOk which provides a reduction of the grain distribution and uniform pore structure in stable condition [5].
Grain size and particle analysis was also performed for the deposited nanorings to yield statistical data about their dimensions in Fig. 3 c) and d).
Depositions number 2 and 9 presented nanorings