Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 472

Abstract: Nature Reserve takes an important part both biodiversity conservation and community economic development. But its concentric circular zoning has been a conflict to its biodiversity conservation and community economic development. Taking Beijing Labagoumen Nature Reserve as studying area, multi-data resource as Digital Elevation Model and geo-spatial data, also spatial analyst technology including GIS and RS, which make expert knowledge related to spatial raster to express spatial rasters importance according its eco-attribute. As an attempt, three and four level of eco-evaluation in this nature reserve was got through multi-layer raster map algebra operation based on Multi-factor Weighted Model by using spatial analyst module of ArcGis9.x released by ESRI.

Abstract: Ecological civilization construction is related to not only peoples well-being, but also the long term plan of a countrys development and revitalization. This research applied ant colony clustering algorithm to study the feasibility and key factors of ecological civilization promotion in the college students It is the first time that quantitative method was introduced into the human consciousness research. The results show that college students have known the situation of resources and environmental problems well, which is a advantage for the promotion of ecological civilization concept. However, the role that colleges play in ecological civilization promotion has not performed fully. And above two items are the key factors to promote ecological civilization promotion.

Abstract: The paper calculates ecological footprint per capita and ecological capacity per capita in the Jilin province during 1998 and 2010 by using the ecological footprint theory, and analyzes the dynamic changes of ecological footprint per capita and ecological capacity per capita, and obtains development prediction model of ecological footprint per capita and ecological capacity per capita based on grey prediction model. The results indicate the ecological footprint per capita had increased continuously from 1.7841 hm² per capita to 3.2013 hm² per capita between 1998 and 2010. During this period, ecological capacity per capita dropped from 1.3535 hm² per capita to 1.3028 hm² per capita. Ecological deficit had increased from 0.4306 hm² per capita to 1.8985 hm² per capita that showed that the development of Jilin province was in an unsustainable status. The gray prediction model shows the ecological footprint per capita in the Jilin province will increase from 3.4833 hm² per capita to 5.7022 hm² per capita between 2011 and 2020, ecological capacity per capita will drop from 1.2978 hm² per capita to 1.2676 hm² per capita and ecological deficit will increase from 2.1855 hm² per capita to 4.4346 hm² per capita.

Abstract: Aiming at the harsh environmental situation at present, refinery and chemical enterprises in China are mostly of high energy consumption and high pollution enterprises, which have great emission reduction potential of atmospheric pollutants. Based on SO₂ and NOx produced by refinery and chemical enterprises, the emission reduction potential optimization model is established by using linear programming method, and combined environmental management policy about total amount control of atmospheric pollutants. Through the model results, the maximum pollutant emission reduction of SO₂ and NOx predicted through the model were 4810.69 and 1574.04 (tons), and the optimum technical schemes have been given, respectively. This model could provide not only the maximum emission reduction of the existing projects and enterprises, but also the decision support of emission reduction for refinery and chemical enterprises during "the 12^th Five Year Plan".

Abstract: IMO MARPOL Annex VI has formulated that the content of NO_x emissions from ships was limited, that is, by 2016, the NO_x emission of low-speed engine will be reduced from 17.0g/kWh to 3.4g/kWh. For diesel engines, internal control measures can no longer be used to meet the increasingly stringent emissions regulations, emission after treatment technologies must be applied to achieve the purpose of reducing NO_x emissions. Emission after-treatment technology which is currently accepted is SCR technology. This articles introduces the principle of SCR system operation, development status and some issues to be resolved.

Abstract: With the continuous development of shipping industry, exhaust gas p-ollution caused by ship emissions of sulfur dioxide is increasingly serious. In o-rder to meet the international maritime organizations (IMO) strict requirements on the water shipping environment, much attention of flue gas desulfurization technology research has been paid. But the ship desulfurization wastewater research is relatively little, water quality analysis and processing system of flue gas desulfurization wastewater research should be carried out. This paper mainly introduces the principle and characteristics of seawater desulfurization process, research and application status of seawater desulfurization method. Discussing the application of sea water desulfurization on the ship for Marine diesel engine tail gas treatment in order to meet the requirements of the international maritime organization and meet the relevant national laws and the main problems to be solved, including the optimal amount of spray, desulfurization tower circulation surface model, installed on the ship. It also points out that the study of sea water desulfurization technique applied in ship's urgency and application prospect.

Abstract: This study attempted to recycle bamboo waste, based on catalytic pyrolysis (TiO₂ as catalyst), to produce composite TiO₂-bamboo charcoal and bamboo oil simultaneously. The yield and characteristics of TiO₂-bamboo charcoal were investigated by thermogravimetry, elemental analysis and SEM. The results indicated that the yield of bamboo charcoal decreased with the increase of temperature, and the influence of catalyst was not distinct; after adding TiO₂, the H/C and O/C ratios of charcoal were increased from 18.81% and 3.74% to 26.05% and 4.09% respectively, and the particles of TiO₂ were adhered to bamboo charcoal with a very porous structure. Using GC-MS, the composition of bamboo oil was analyzed and the results showed that there were about 9-10 compounds with contributed to more than 2% area, and phenol was the most compound detected in all of the samples.

Abstract: This research work deals with the production of vermicompost from empty fruit bunch (EFB) blended with cow dung using an epigeic earthworm known as Eudrilus Eugeniae. The vermicomposting mixture was carried out in a humid environment with moisture content between 70% to 80% and a pH of between 6 to 8. Natural zeolite, such as clinoptilolite and charcoal were mixed with vermicompost at different ratios and prior to being pelletized. The highest cation exchange capacity (CEC) was observed at 10% of zeolite (Z2) and 20% of charcoal (C4) mixtures. The proportion of 10% zeolite in the mixture resulted in the highest of Cu reduction by 44% and manganese by 60% and in addition the 15% charcoal caused the highest reduction of iron (Fe) by 32%. A significant decrease in carbon to nitrogen C/N ratio and an overall increase in total nitrogen, total available phosporous and total potassium were also discussed in this paper.

Abstract: In this work, four Mg-Zn-Ce sheets were processed on an industrial scale by “Helholtz-ZentrumGreesthacht” company. To study the effect of alloying elements and annealing conditions on the rolled sheets, these sheets were annealed at different conditions. Mechanical properties of these rolled and annealed sheets were determined in rolling and transverse directions. Optical microscopy was used to investigate microstructure evolution and stability as well as grain size after annealing. Annealing at 450°C, 1 hr for A and D sheets provides microstructure stability of these sheets. Whereas, annealing B and C sheets for one hour at 400 and 350°C, respectively, provide the optimum annealing conditions. In the studied alloys, the highest zinc (Zn) presence alloyed with magnesium significantly increases the grain size and the amount of precipitates. Whereas, the highest cerium (Ce) presence alloyed with magnesium, refines the grain size during the recrystallization process.

Abstract: Based on the current situation of agricultural modernization development (AMD) in 14 regions of Liaoning province during 2007 and 2010, a comprehensive evaluation system (PCABP) of AMD was established and comprehensive evaluation of Liaoning AMD was given by PCABP. Moreover, contrast the evaluation results of PCABP, PCA, and BP, getting the evaluation effect of PCA、BP and PCABP are increased respectively. Consequently, PCABP can improve the accuracy and stability significantly instead of the two separate evaluations, which providing a practical new way to evaluate agriculture modernization.