Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 725-726

Abstract: Changes in the existing urban structures that result in obsolescence and abandonment of buildings, open up the opportunities for an alternative use of the existing building fund which would be in line with the current needs and aspirations of today. Conversion of obsolete buildings to residential buildings might be an optimal solution for the social and demographic changes that continuously influence and intensify the demands for new housing. The paper points out the quality of this approach and explores the extent to which conversion of obsolete buildings for residential uses may be a valid tool in sustainable development strategy.

Abstract: The issues of optimizing road cargo flow of the transport and logistics cluster (TLC) of a port metropolis, for example, St. Petersburg are regarded. The need to clear the central part of the city of warehouses and freight lines, to transfer them to the ring roads area is highlighted. Being the hub of the international transport corridor (ITC), St. Petersburg requires the implementation of "Foreland-Hinterland" and "Hub-and-Spoke" logistics concepts. Special emphasis is placed on the need to optimize the allocation of traffic flows and the possibility of solving this issue in the GIS ArcGIS environment. The issue of justification of withdrawing the routes of the cargo flows from the city center to the ring roads is solved quantitatively.

Abstract: The paper gives an overview of researches of foreign scientists to change the driver's reaction time, depending on various road conditions, namely regarding the change of studied magnitude when using traffic-light signalization. Previously, the authors have carried out researches of capacity of road section with traffic light regulation, which allowed to establish the dependence of this parameter from the driver's reaction time. This paper proposes calculation of the road capacity using a variety values of the driver's reaction time derived from the analysis. The values obtained allow us to conclude that the inclusion of psychophysiological characteristics of drivers (such as reaction time) will affect both on road capacity and on the different methods of organization/reorganization of road networks sectors, which use the value of road capacity in their implementation.This article analyzes foreign researches devoted to changing the reaction time of drivers on the road conditions. Besides, the effect of changing the driver's reaction time on capacity of the road network sector with traffic-light control was considered.

Abstract: Article is devoted to studying of traffic flows using the origin-destination matrix. The first paragraph of this article deals with the possibility of applying the origin-destination matrix when modeling load of transport network. The types of transportations, the factors that affect the loading of the transport network are described. The concept of a generalized path cost, interdistrict transportations and some others are considered. There are proposed several steps to create a origin-destination matrix. In the second paragraph of the paper is proposed the classification of mathematical models that can be applied in the simulation of traffic flow, as well as their features are marked. This will help in the processing of data for selection of a mathematical model that satisfies the requirements and objectives that have set themselves researchers. The conclusions on the application of mathematical models in the study of traffic flow are made.

Abstract: Here is presented an approach to the simulation of complex in its multicomponent structure for implementing the functions of city activity. The approach is based on the paradigm of the city compatibility with the Biosphere and phrased on the principles of its self-organization. A conceptual model of the urban livelihood system in the form of a multicomponent natural and technogenic structure is also described. A mathematical model of an open dynamic compatible with the Biosphere urban livelihood system with the choice of the governing parameters for management is developed.

Abstract: One can track the changes in state policy on work of the city regulatory bodies in the first half of XIX century in the sphere of provision of urban amenities and construction using the example of St. Petersburg, as the capital was the center of governmental attention in the discussed period. The government had the task “to start off the mechanism” of faultless functioning for the State Duma and the city in general. Analyzing the legislative basis of the time, one can say that the search for the solution lay in the sphere of increasing of real estate property volumes and revenues received from their use.

Abstract: The study analyses the possible transformations of the Tirana river shore, foreseen by GrimShaw proposal, presented in the competition organized by the municipality for the master-plan of Tirana. Understanding and balancing different aspects of the project decisions in changing the vision of Tirana goes along with the emphasis of the desirable conditions of this specific riverside environment. The regeneration of the urban river waterfront is one of the main urban and design issues of our cities. It is seen as a potential for future urban transformations and attraction to investments, employment, industries, publicity, by focusing in a special case study: a self-made structure where people try to create their own model of living in the natural environment of Tirana. This descriptive and analytical work can serve to Albania's professionals on decision-making, but also to other cities of similar scale and nature of development as Tirana. The expectation of this research is to help the interest groups with a concern for waterfront regeneration, recreation and cultural heritage conservation, with this specific experience in the riverside planning and redevelopment of Tirana.

Abstract: Contemporary housing in the Republic of Serbia is significantly influenced by political and social changes, at the end of XX and the beginning of XXI century. Drastic increase of poverty, as a consequence of these changes, reflected on housing market. Reduction of apartment size, and lower construction quality were primary methods of reducing apartment cost. These cost reduction strategies induced numerous problems in the exploitation of apartments. In the last few years the attempts were made to regulate housing market by new legislation. This paper analyses compatibility of existing housing units, constructed in this period, with new Standard. The objective of the paper is to determine the extent of deviation of from new legislative in order to evaluate the need for the reconstruction as well as for potential correction of the Standard.

Abstract: Numerical experiment has been successfully used during recent 10-15 years to solve a wide range of thermal and hydrogasodynamic tasks. Application of mathematical modeling used to design the ventilation systems for production premises characterized by heat emission may be considered to be an effective method to obtain reasonable solutions. Results of calculation performed with numerical solution of ventilation tasks depend on turbulence model selection. Currently a large number of different turbulence models used to calculate turbulent flows are known. Testing and definition of applicability limits for semiempirical models of turbulence should be considered to be a preliminary stage of calculation. This article presents results of test calculations pertaining to thermal air process modeling in premises characterized by presence of heat emission sources performed with employment of different models of turbulence. Besides, analysis of calculation results and comparison with field measurements data are presented.

Abstract: Modern scientific principles of air exchange and air distribution calculations are meant in the development of calculation methods based on complex consideration of stream flows and approximative models regularity – i.e. system of heat-air balance equations compiled for specific volumes of the premise. The article defines most significant factors affecting the formation of gas, moisture and velocity fields in the premise, namely: heat emission sources, intake streams, descending convective air flows occurring near cold surfaces, heat losses (or intakes), draft ventilation (general exchange and local). Issues regarding determination of intake air volumes and distribution of the above inside the premises were considered in close interrelation with each other (i.e. principle of air exchange and air distribution conjoint calculation). Consistency of calculation methods has been repeatedly proved with physical models and in field conditions.