Advanced Materials Research Vols. 113-116

Abstract: Nanotechnology has proven its importance in almost all areas, and textile industry is not an expectation. Several applications of nanotechnology can be extended to attain the performance enhancement of textile manufacturing machines and processes. Using different methods like electro spraying and electro spinning, various materials have been used to increase additional functions in textiles. This treatment is applied to give textiles the desired handle, to make further processing easier and to improve the thermal and antistatic properties. In this manuscript, we have summarized the recent advances made in nanotechnology and the methods of fabricating functional fibers by electrospinning and melt spinning preparation. Applications of the nanotechnology in textile industries are also summarized in this paper with some novel ideas that can be utilized for the future research in this area.

Abstract: Waste wood particles of different shapes were used to reinforce high density polyethylene (HDPE) to prepare high performance wood/plastic composites (WPC). The wood particles showed a needle-, flake-, strand-, and powder-shape, respectively. The mechanical and water-uptake properties of the composites manufactured using extrusion were tested. The wood needles/HDPE composites (WN-WPC) exhibited slightly higher mechanical strengths and lower density than the composites with the other shapes of wood particles. When the flake-, strand-, and powder-shaped wood particles were replaced by wood needles, the flexural, tensile and impact strengths were increased approximately by 4.24%, 7.61%, and 16.6% on average, respectively, and the density was decreased by about 7.34%. The length and width of WPC specimens changed little when soaked in water, with the thickening on the edge area only. WN-WPC performed the best waterproof stability. Based on the experimental results, the wood needles with lager length-to-diameter ratio would be the most suitable for producing high performance WPC.

Abstract: The technology composition and system architecture of complex products and system (CoPS) is very sophisticated, and the success rate of CoPS development is low. A system-based model for optimal design of CoPS was presented with system dynamics (SD) as the study framework, and Rough Set (RS) theory was used to analysis the structure of feedback loops in causality graph of CoPS, so as to find non-linear dynamics correcting mechanism of CoPS, which can assist inexperienced users to perform simulation analysis for quality and reliability improvement, alternative design evaluation and modularity assessment, thus helping to enhance robustness of CoPS at the design stage and increase the success rate. This paper showed the practical application with a simulation case at last.

Abstract: The anti-aging property of wood residues composite is an important indicator for measuring the service performance of products. And the aging problems of these composite materials have attracted more and more attention from people. So we had a research on such problems. By means of experiments, this paper analyzed the reasons for the aging of wood residues composite. Through contrast experimental methods, we analyzed the way to accelerate the aging of them. At last, we adopted the 6-cycle accelerated aging method of ASTM D1037and the aging instrument detecting method according to their characteristics and available experimental conditions. Based on actual conditions, we analyzed the aging factors of wood residues composite such as temperature, humidity, specimen size ,surface decoration and so on.

Abstract: The fiber morphology of aspen BCTMP treated by the high-shear fiber kneader was investigated in this paper. The main process parameters were measured including: rotational speed of screw, pulp consistency of entrance and exit, pressure and temperature of pulp. The results showed that the main action of high-shear fiber kneader on fibers was promoted the relative displacement of exterior and interior fibers, rather than the cutting fibers. After the treatment by the high-shear fiber kneader under high consistency pulp, the shives could be reduced by 95%. The fiber morphology was obviously different from the control samples. With the exit pressure of high-shear fiber kneader increased, the fiber length, fiber width and fiber coarseness decreased, but the index of curl and kink increased.

Abstract: Polyaspartic acid (PASP) was prepared by the means of polymerizing maleic anhydride and ammonia solution. In order to find optimal condition of synthesizing PASP, we made a set of experiments on proportion of material, temperature and time of polymerization in the single condition, and compared PASP with other scale inhibitors about the performance of scale inhibition and biodegradation. The results show: the optimal proportion of material is 1:1.1, the temperature of polymerization is 160°C, and the time of polymerization is 1h. Under above condition, we synthetized the PASP its inhibiting efficiency can reach over 95%, and biodegradation rate reaches 70%.

Abstract: Aiming at current environmental condition of energy shortage and excessive emission, this paper presents the development of solar energy clothing on human comfort. In this clothing, solar flexible materials are made into appropriate part of garment. In ensuring the comfort of human, this garment can accumulate solar energy, safely output stable current. So this clothing has the function of providing power. After a number of experiments and analysis, this clothing is proved that it has convenient, practical, favorable environment, and comfort for human.

Abstract: Taking the wood residues as raw materials, the composition of an environmentally-friendly wood material were designed and optimized, and the effect of such process parameters as PF amount, hot-pressing time, design density on wood composite's properties was studied. Use DPS data processing system for Partial Least-Squares Regressive to analyze the effect of different process parameters on properties and establish mathematical model, so as to optimize the experimental program and ascertain the best conditions, at the same time to verify it.

Abstract: It has been a more complex problem for water quality assessment. And its aim is to well and truly evaluate its degree of pollution for bodies of water, which will be easy to provide some principled projects and criterions for water resource’s protection and their integration application. So, a water quality assessment method based on Multiclass Fuzzy Support Vector Machine is put forward. and a two-step cross-validation was used to search for the best combination of parameters to obtain an optimal training model. The test results show that the method proposed in this paper has an excellent performance on correct ratio compared to BP. It indicated that the performance of the proposed model is practically feasible in the application of water quality assessment.

Abstract: Glucose production from pretreated corn stalks by cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulase was investigated and compared with no pretreatment, as a reference. The corn stalks were pretreated with microwave, sulfuric acid hydrolysis and dilute sodium hydroxide solution hydrolysis respectively. The enzymatic hydrolysis experiments were carried out at 50°C, 50 g/l dry matter (DM) solid substrate concentration and 15 filter paper unit (IU)/g DM of a commercial cellulase. Fermentable sugar was able to be produced from all the pretreated corn stalks with an overall yield of 29-58% of the maximum theoretical yield, based on the glucan available in the solid and liquid substrate. The corn stalks pretreated with dilute acid had the best glucose yield as 58.09% followed by the corn stalks pretreated with acid and microwave with an overall yield of 57.02% with 15 IU/g DM of cellulase. Glucose was the main product with enzymatic hydrolysis yield ratio 38.89%in the dilute sulfuric acid pretreated corn stalks, while with enzymatic hydrolysis yield ratio 51.07%in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution and microwave pretreated corn stalks under enzymatic hydrolysis conditions. These advantages, along with their negative price, make these solids a valuable raw material for L-lactic acid production.