Advanced Materials Research Vols. 113-116

Abstract: Because of the Lack of water resources and the increasing water quantity used in living and production, the water resources are becoming the restrictive factor of regional economic and social development in in Manas river basin. The exploitation and utilization of conventional water resources has reached more than 95% in the basin,it caused great attention that the development and utilization of non-conventional water resources for agricultural development and ecological environment construction. At present, the exploitation and utilization of the non-conventional water resources(shallow underground salt water，saline water) for agriculture and forestry has become more and more widespread and in-depth. because of the lack of scientific instruction and reasonable exploitation, which not only caused water level falling, leading to degradation of the brittle natural entironment, but also caused SBHCSS and the decline in productivity. With the analysis of the non-conventional water resources actual exploitation and utilization, under the scientific development concept, the aryicle puts forward the sustained strategies of non-conventional underground water resources (salt water, saline water) reasonable exploitation and the irrigation return flow reuse efficient exploitation which is used for ecological restoration and reconstruction.

Abstract: Conventional practices have shown that veracious forecast and effective coordination are very significant for emergency response management on environment protection. Based on the 3G communication network and advanced knowledge base, this paper presented a new dynamic monitoring and emergency response system for the onsite treatment of environmental pollution. It integrates the real-time monitoring, pollution forecast, response plan, and emergency coordination into a knowledge-based system, and help to process the onsite pollution more quickly and precisely.

Abstract: A runoff-sequence contains many frequencies, from the point of the wavelet transfor- mation, they are included in different wavelet coefficients. Therefore, when a smooth wavelet function is used, changes in multi-time scale and jump characteristics of precipitation time series have been probed the tendency. Wavelet transform can clearly demonstrate all kinds of characteristics of precipitation runoff series: the strength and distribution of time scales. The monthly data used in this paper comes from Guidei hydrology station of Yellow River (1919-1994) and Yichang hydrology station of Yangtze River (1946-1976), and the yearly ones from Yichang hydrology station (1882-1984).

Abstract: The aim is to treat oily sludge from floatation process of oil produced water by deflocculation. Based upon analyzing the granularity distribution and dewater efficiency of the flocs, floc breakage and dewater of oily sludge was carried out. The results indicated that the coagulant skeleton builder in sludge could be broken by changing the coalescent state, and deflocculation could disrupt skeleton of the floc and release interstitial water in sludge. The highest dewatering efficiency is about 81.2% at the pH of 4.5 by gravity sedimentation. The sludge had a broader range of granularity distribution and a smaller volume-average diameter. Moreover, the median diameter d (0.5) of the treated sludge was 36.0 μm, which was smaller than 73.1 μm of raw sample. Meanwhile, capillary suction time (CST) significantly decreased with pH adjustment. A wastewater removal efficiency of 90.99% for the treated sludge by pressure filtration could be achieved. The method would be a potential technique to be applied to other kinds of floatation sludge.

Abstract: Low carbon economy is gradually achieving global consensus by increasing number of countries. It is the basic way to address climate change and coordinate socio-economic development. The low carbon road with Chinese characteristic is the hotspot of academic research and it is a great challenge too. But few scholars did researches in low-carbon economy development from consumer preference. This paper analyzed the dual utility structure characteristic of low-carbon products from the perspective of low carbon products preference. According to consumer behavior theory, it concludes consumers have ultra-satisfaction consumption preference towards low-carbon products. The utility function has a positive real root which is not one. The paper hopes to provide the theoretical basis for analyzing market demand of low-carbon economy with the model.

Abstract: Oil recovery wastewater from polymer flooding (ORWFP) is a new type industrial wastewater, which contains high molecular weight polyacrylimide. Large amount of ORWFP was discharged and ecological environment of oilfields was polluted. A reuse process with fabric filtration, O3/H2O2/UV oxidation and membrane filtration was used to treat ORWFP. Spot experimental results show that more than 70% oil and 80% SS are eliminated in fabric filtration unit. O3/H2O2/UV oxidation unit shows evident treatment effect on oil and PAM. COD removal in O3/H2O2/UV oxidation unit is relatively low, which indicates that most parts of PAM may be changed into low molecular weight ones and only a few are mineralized. Membrane filtration unit is effective for removals of oil, SS and particles. But the retention of PAM by the membrane is only 13.08%, which also indicates that most parts of PAM may be changed into low molecular weight ones. The water quality of ORWFP treated by the reuse process is improved evidently, which can live up to the requirement of oil recovery production.

Abstract: The assessment architecture is designed in this paper so that the urban ecosystem health can be exactly evaluated. Using data warehouse technology, the writer builds the network to receive every kind of index information, sets the system structure of data warehouse, designs data dimension tables and fact tables. Star model of data warehouse is make up on basis of above all, the assess platform is build. Taking Shanghai city as an example, the results are satisfied, which are consistent with the facts.

Abstract: Green building increases the efficiency and reduces impacts on the environment, which may resolve serious resource and environmental problems in China that is the largest construction market in the world. This paper analyzed the unbalanced regional characteristics of green building in China. Taking the only platinum score as example, the method of how to get the green building criteria is debated. This paper suggests that analyzing the regional characteristics of the building and adjusted weights of regional factors to establish scientific green building assessment system with local characteristics is needed to be considered urgently.

Abstract: The membrane fouling characters in the Photocatalysis-Membrane Reactor (PMR) were studied by the SEM analyzing, and compared with the membrane fouling characters in the direct microfiltration reactor. The experiments results indicate that the photocatalysis process can alleviate the membrane fouling in comparison with the direct microfiltration process. The membrane pressure is 0.007Mpa in the PMR after 75h reaction, which is 0.014Mpa in the direct microfiltration reactor. The fouling layer on the membrane surface in the PMR is formed by the TiO2 particles, which has loose layer structure and low surface roughness.

Abstract: The effective utilization of lignin waste has been a main concern in the bio-ethanol industry which uses straw and stalks as feedstock. In this study the lignin waste was incorporated into high density polyethylene (HDPE) to make composites by extruded pellet fabrication and thermoform process. With the increasing of the lignin content from 55% to 75%, the static flexural strength of the resulting composites was hardly influenced, but the tensile strength decreased 42%. Even though it was, the mechanical properties of lignin/HDPE composites were superior to those of traditional medium density fiberboard (MDF). Scanning electron microscopy showed that addition of 4% MAPE promoted the interfacial bonding between lignin and HDPE. Therefore, the macro performance also shows an improvement to mechanical properties.