Advanced Materials Research Vols. 113-116

Abstract: This papre discussed the ability of H2-production and wastewater treatment, a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)using a synthesized substrate with brown sugar wastewater was conducted to investigate the hydrogen yield, fermentation type of biohydrogen production, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate, respectively. The results show that when the pH value was 4.0～4.5, OLR was 24.5kg/(m3•d), oxidation-reduction potential was -350～-450mv, temperature was 34.0°C～36.0°C, hydraulic retention time was 6h～8h, the maximum yield of biogas production reached 20L/d and the maximum content of hydrogen is 70%. Detection of the end liquid product, ethanol and acetic acid are main, they are 70% ~90% of the total liquid product, so that is called ethanol-type fermentation.

Abstract: The quality assessment of an urban natural-type lake landscape is influenced by various factors which have complicated and nonlinear relationships with each other. Some of these factors are even random and obscure, of which the inherent relationships are difficult to describe by means of conventional methods. In this study, a three-layer BP Neural Network (BP NN) model was built with thirty design schemes for lake landscapes as the specimens, of which the qualities were assessed based on the six indices including water quality, water quantity, hydrography, vegetation, economy and facilities. The results showed that the initial data were fitted much accurately with the BP NN method, and the predictive results of the specimens were very close to the actual values, with relative errors below 5%. Moreover a higher predictive precision was achieved, which indicated that the BP NN after effective training would achieve higher predictive precision and excellent generalization capability in its application to the quality assessment for urban natural-type lake landscape schemes.

Abstract: There are many outliers in air pollution time series data for various reasons. It has a serious impact on the data analysis and use. There are three main ways to identify anomalies but they each have definite limitations, especially when identifying and correcting the first category and the second category of outlier at the same time. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a new way to identify anomalies based on wavelet transform and identify outlier by the use of the wavelet transform modulus maxima , then pass the amendment of the outlier through inverse transform the wavelet transform coefficient. Evidence shows that this method can be used to identify and correct the two types of outlier simultaneously and the results are obvious.

Abstract: In this study, experiments were conducted to make a comparison in bromate formation between KMnO4/O3 combined oxidation and single ozonation. The effect of KMnO4 dosage, temperature, pH and NOM on bromate formation during KMnO4/O3 combined oxidation was investigated. Result shows that, bromate formation is 26% lower during the process of KMnO4/O3 combined oxidation. The optimal KMnO4 dosage is suggested to be 1mg/L considering balance between bromate inhibition and the residual manganese concentration. When KMnO4 dosage was 1.0mg/L, initial bromide concentration was lower than 80 μg/L, and temperature was below 25°C, combined oxidation can make the formation of bromate under the maximum contaminant level of 10 μg/L. Finally, the probable mechanism of the better behavior of KMnO4/O3 combined oxidation was discussed.

Abstract: The work presented in this paper aims at developing a tool based on the LCA approach which could be used systematically for the environmental evaluation of Forestry(Pulp) and Paper-making industry,seeking a way to reduce energy consumption, product cost and find the opportunity and way to reduce the pollution load. So it should be controled in every link which is possible to generate radiation in the process from gain of raw material in forestation pulp making and paper making to processing of waste products to prevent and reduce pollution and realize sustainable development of the economic, environmental and human society.

Abstract: This study describes a new method to treat acid mine wastewater containing high amounts of heavy metals and sulfate by biotechnology. Sulfate reducing Bacteria (SRB) was inoculated in an up-flow multiple bed bioreactor treating practical wastewater. In addition to precipitation processes, water purification was also possible with the metabolism process of microorganisms. Iron dust was added to the system to enhance the activity of SRB and ensure the treatment efficiency. The results indicates that treating acid mining drainage using SRB and iron at room temperature (20°C~25°C) is possible, the reduction rate of sulfate is up to 61%, pH of wastewater raises from 2.75 to 6.2 and the copper concentration of effluent is less than 0.2 mg/L.

Abstract: To solve the existing problems arose in the Tennant method for estimating ecological water use in river course, a new methodology is proposed to replace the mean value by the median of runoff series in the Tenna nt formula. The motive is to eliminate the impact of some extreme values. Given runoff series of 47 years in Jiaokou reservoir of Zhangxi River, the traditional and the improved method were respectively applied to calculate the ecological water consumption in the river. The results show that the improved Tennant method is more reasonably than the traditional method.

Abstract: Oil spills represent one of the most destructive environmental disasters. The frameworks of decision support system (DSS) for peace time and emergency situation are proposed. The monitoring network acquires the foundational data and information for decision from sensor network, information system and social network. The peace time DSS models the monitoring network and the general monitoring, prediction, simulation and management modules for contingent events and emergency resources. The emergency DSS is modeled as a layered architecture. Form the information acquisition to the decision layer, the information flow and real-time decision-making modules are revealed. Finally, the key models and algorithm for resource deployment and scheduling are studied.

Abstract: This paper describes a method combining scenario analysis and linear program for the industrial development optimization in Bohai rim area. Aiming at maximizing the output value of the key industries of the area in 2020 without exceeding water environmental carrying capacity, three scenarios with different constraints have been discussed. Coordination of carrying capacity at provincial level and strict control on some key industrial scale is necessary to maximize economic growth through a sustainable way.

Abstract: The ways of chemical component analysis, chemical analysis photoelectron energy spectrum (ESCA) analysis and X ray diffraction were used to research and analyze the variation law of material (wood) chemical component, functional groups and cellulose crystallinity in the process of making board. The results showed that：(1) The maximum contents of holocellulose and pentosan were wood, in the next place were fiberboard, and the minimum one were binderless fiberboard. The maximum contents of α-cellulose were woodfiber, in the next place were wood, and the minimum one were binderless fiberboard. The minimum contents of xylogen were wood, in the next place were woodfiber, and the maximum one were binderless fiberboard. (2) The C1and C3 functional groups relative contents of woodfiber and binderless fiberboard were higher than wood. The C2 functional groups relative contents of wood were higher than woodfiber and binderless fiberboard. The C4 functional groups relative contents of woodfiber were zero, and the binderless fiberboards were higher than wood. (3)The maximum cellulose relative crystallinity was binderless fiberboard, in the next place was fiberboard, and the minimum one was wood.