Advanced Materials Research Vols. 287-290

Abstract: The konjac glucomannan/tannin/rice flour crosslinked films were synthesed. The effects of reaction time, the amount of rice flour, glycerol, sodium hydroxide and crosslinked agent on the synthesis of the films were investigated. Breaking elongation, tensile strength and adsorption capacity were tested to search the optimum conditions of films preparation. The results showed that the optimum conditions of films preparation were reaction time of 1 hour, rice flour of 2g, glycerol of 3mL, sodium hydroxide of 4mL, crosslinked agent of 3mL.

Abstract: The effect of coagulation bath concentration on the structure and properties of as-spun fibers was systematically analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction, electron microprobe analysis, and the measurement of boiling-water shrinkage, porosity, and mechanical properties analysis, etc. It showed that with the increase of the coagulation bath concentration, the degree of spin orientation and the crystallinity both increased, the microstructure became compact and homogeneous, and the cross section of as-spun fibers tended to be circular. As a result, the breaking tenacity of as-spun fibers and resultant precursors both increased. Adopting the optimizing coagulation bath technique parameters: DMSO/H₂O system, coagulation bath temperature 60°C, coagulation bath concentration 65%, and the minus stretch ratio –30%, the precursors and carbon fibers with high performance were prepared.

Abstract: The effects of oxide buffer layers on the optical and electrical properties of sputtered Gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO) films were intensively investigated for developing the electrodes of photonic devices, which demand high optical transmittance and low resistivity. The use of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ buffer layers could increase transmittance of GZO films to 90.69% around the wavelength of 550 nm by controlling the optical spectrum. The resistivity of the deposited GZO films was much dependent on the deposition condition of O₂ ratio during buffer layer deposition. It is considered that the carrier mobility of GZO films on SiO₂ buffer is highly related to the lattice crystallinity of SiO₂ and GZO films. In contrast, on the Al₂O₃ buffer layer, rough surface morphology could increase the resistivity of GZO films due to the doping effect of diffused Al atoms.

Abstract: Three new extractants for palladium(II) extraction: bis(noctyl-Sulfinyl-ethyl) ether(L₁), bis(isooctyl-Sulfinyl-ethyl)ether(L₂), bis(isooctyl-Sulfinyl-ethoxy)ethane(L₃) were synthesized. Micro-analytical data, elemental analysis, ¹HNMR and IR-spectra were used to confirm the structures. Based on independent extraction experiments of Pd(II) , the extraction parameters of Pd(II) were studied in detail, and the optimal extraction parameters were obtained and summarized as the following: H+ concentration of aqueous phase 1.0-1.5 mo1·L^-1, sulfoxide extractants concentration 0.01-0.1 mo1·L^-1. The order of the extractability of the three extractants towards palladium(II) was L₂>L₃>L₁. The coordination number was studied by the slope method. The results indicated that, in low acidity, the coordination number for extracting palladium (II) was 1.0 with all three extractants, while it was 2.0 in high acidity. FT-IR spectra was used to analyze the structure of the complex. Palladium (II) was coordinated with the oxygen atom in S=O group of the three extractants. and palladium (II) may also coordinated with the oxygen atom in C-O-C group of extractant L₁, L₂.

Abstract: In order to study the influence of pH value on the plastic water-based gravure ink, the primary ink that is dispersed by high-speed grinding is maxed with good- compatible water-based resin (solution resin) and promoter in proportion. Getting the different pH value of ink samples by two methods, one way is the Amine neutralizers were added in the ink samples, the other is alkaline substances of the ink samples were volatilized by raising temperature. The influence of the pH value to the property of ink was analyzed by testing the pH value, viscosity, stetting, and glossiness of the proofs. The result indicates that changing the pH value of ink will affect the viscosity of ink. The pH value can influent the release of the resin in the ink to the solvent, so the dryness of ink was also influenced. The pH value of water-based ink has a certain influence to the glossiness of the proofs.

Abstract: Two kinds of visible light driven mesoporous structured Mn and Se-doping TiO₂ nanocrystal photocatalysts have been synthesized through a modified sol-gel method, and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm confirms that the mesoporous materials possess large pore size and narrow pore size distribution. X-Ray powder Diffraction (XRD) analyses reveal that the doping of Mn and Se inhibits the growth of TiO₂ anatase nanocrystal and the Mn species are higher dispersed on the surface of TiO₂. Ultraviolet (UV)-vis spectrum demonstrates the excellent adsorption property of Mn doping TiO₂ for visible light region, which enables this novel photocatalysis material to possess remarkable activity in photocatalytic antibacterial for E. Coli. bacteria under visible lights radiation.

Abstract: In the treatment of wastewater, the Fe- Ti Modified Bentonite was prepared as a new type of absorbing material which raw material was sodium bentonite. The Fe- Ti Modified Bentonite was used in the simulation wastewater which included Cr⁶⁺ and organic matter. The best adsorption condition was ensured by the pH value, the dosing quantity and the absorption time. The results of these experimental dates showed that the Fe- Ti Modified Bentonite had an excellent absorption performance and was much better than the sodium bentonite. The removal rate of Cr⁶⁺ and COD were 98.56% and 78.23% respectively if the pH value was 3, the dosing quantity was 10 g/L , the absorption time was 30 minutes. The results also showed that the distance of the modified bentonite was changed because the cross-linking agent entered the layers structure. That was why the absorption performance of Fe- Ti Modified Bentonite was improved.

Abstract: In the work, nano-sized MoO₃ and unsupported MoS₂ hydro desulfurization catalysts were synthesized using a novel hydrothermal reduction method. The influences of the temperature and the synthetic methods on the growth morphology of molybdenum disulfide were systematically investigated. It was found that the MoS₂ fibers were easy to be bended and had lots of defects, which increased the number of active sites on the catalyst and easily met the requirements of deep hydrotreating desulfurization of diesel oil.

Abstract: In order to reduce fluorine pollution, partial fluoride could be replaced by BaO in mould flux. The effects of BaO on melting temperature, viscosity, fluidity, surface tension, Al₂O₃ inclusion and adsorption of low fluoride content mould flux for high speed continuous casting were studied, as well as the effect of basicity on crystallization property. The results showed that with the increase of BaO content, melting temperature, viscosity and surface tension of mould flux decreased obviously, and fluidity and Al₂O₃ inclusion adsorption increased. Partial fluoride could be replaced by BaO in mould flux. The BaO content should be less than 4 per cent so that it can play an effective role. The basicity had great influence on crystallization property.

Abstract: In the cutting progress, the cutting temperature and the friction will be reduced when the water-based cutting fluid is used, but some elements in the cutting fluid will result in the leaching of tungsten carbide in cemented carbide tool. The influence rule of sodium carbonate on the tungsten carbide leaching of cemented carbide under the condition of different temperatures and different concentrations is investigated by soaking experiments, SEM analysis, energy spectrum analysis and electrochemical detection experiments. The experimental results reveal that the influence of sodium carbonate on the tungsten carbide leaching are great, and the leaching rate will increase with the increasing of temperature and concentration.