Advanced Materials Research Vols. 287-290

Abstract: A bench tests were carried out on an YC6J190 diesel engine fueled with B20 marine biodiesel. The results showed that the engine’s effective power decreased by 1.8%, the fuel consumption rate increased by 0.07%, HC emissions decreased by 19.17% and the soot decreased by 25% as average under full engine load conditions. HC decreased by 23.4% and the soot decreased by 23% as average under part engine load conditions. The soot emissions decreased by 28.8% as average under the free acceleration conditions.

Abstract: Foamed composites of polypropylene containing bamboo powder were prepared using an injection moulding process. Measurement of density, flexural, tensile and notched impact properties of the prepared composites was carried out. Water absorption of the composites was investigated. The rheological behavior of composites was also investigated by rotary rheometer. The density of microfoamed composites was reduced by about 14%.When the bamboo powder was 50 phr (33.3% by weight), the integrated property was best ; the density was 0.886 g·cm^-3 and the flexural, tensile and notched impact strength were 58.72 MPa, 30.86 MPa and 5.246 KJ·m^-2 respectively; and the thickness swelling and water absorption were 1.31% and 0.7% after duration of 240 h. The results pointed out the composites showed a flow behavior of pseudoplastic fluid; the storage modulus and loss modulus increased and loss tangent decreased with the increase of bamboo powder content. The composite had a typical shear thinning characteristic and the complex viscosity increased with the content of bamboo powder increased.

Abstract: PicrosideⅡ, one of the most effective components extracted from picrorhiza, has been reported with neuronal protective activity. To isolate the picroside Ⅱ and similar structure moleculars from picrorhiza effectively, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared by precipitation polymerization with Picroside Ⅱ as template molecule and TRIM as cross-linkers. The MIP was with high affinity and excellent stereo-selectivity toward Picroside Ⅱ and similar structure molecular. The purity of picroside is 70% of target sample. This research might offer a novel method for the enrichment and determination of target compounds from the Traditional Chinese Medicine. A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) in rats was used to determine the protective effects of Picroside II sample of this experiment on cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion in vivo. Results indicate the picroside II sample can protect neurons against acute ischemic stroke injury, and the neurological deficit scores of dosage group is lower than that of model group.

Abstract: The production of high purity steel is a major task for the iron and steel enterprises in the 21^st century. To improve the quality of steel products and produce the cleanness steel, the key technique is to control inclusions in the molten steel. In the present investigation, a novel fine inclusion removal technology due to the dispersed in-situ phase induced by the composite ball explosion reaction was put forward. A composite ball with this function has been designed and the industrial experimental investigation was also carried out. The results indicate that feeding composite ball in RH ladle is a novel technology and the inclusion in the molten steel can be removed effectively. Compared with conventional inclusion removal technology, the number of the oxide inclusion can be decreased to a lower level and the inclusion size becomes much finer. Using this novel technology, the total oxygen in the as-cast slab can approach to 6ppm. This novel technology can be achieved without special facility and be realized in most steelmaking plant.

Abstract: The extraction of polysaccharides from cordyceps militaris by ethanol refluxing method was studied and the effected of solvent, solid-liquid ratio and time on the yields of polysaccharides were investigated and optimized conditions were determined through L₉(3⁴) orthogonal test at the same time. The yield of validate experiment was 33.50 % and the combination was 50 % ethanol + 1:15(g/ml) solid-liquid ratio + 7 h extraction time.

Abstract: Successful application of magnesium alloys as degradable load-bearing implants is determined by their biological performance especially degradation and corrosion behavior in the human body. Three magnesium alloys, namely WE43, ZK60, and AZ91 are investigated in this work. The in vitro degradation behavior, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity are evaluated by corrosion tests, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and micronuclei tests, respectively. Immersion tests indicate that the ZK60 alloy has the best corrosion resistance and lowest corrosion rate in Hank’s solution, followed by AZ91 alloy and WE43 alloy in that order. The MTT results obtained from the three magnesium alloys after 7 days of immersion indicate good cellular viability. However, excessively high aluminum and magnesium concentrations have a negative influence on the genetic stability.

Abstract: A novel composite biocoating of hydroxyapatite(HA)/Al₂O₃ has been successfully prepared on Si(100) substrate by a hybrid technique of physical vapor deposition (PVD), anodization, and electrodeposition. The fabricated composite biocoating was also annealed under temperatures ranging from 573 to 973 K. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to investigate morphologies and compositions of the HA/Al₂O₃ composite biocoating. It is found that Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) coating holding a Ca/P atomic ratio of 1.61 has been directly electrodeposited onto porous anodic Al₂O₃ with 1.5~3 μm pore diameter formed by anodization of PVD-deposited aluminum layer on Si(100) and subsequent pore-widening. The embedding of HA outer coating into porous anodic Al₂O₃ results in a sandwich-like structure in the finally obtained HA/Al₂O₃ composite biocoating on Si(100). XRD results indicate the decomposition of HA into β-TCP at an annealing temperature above 873 K.

Abstract: Biomass, N derived from BNF, total N and Ndfa % of different part tissues of pea plants inoculated with various Rhizobium. leguminosarum strains were determined. Particularly identified were whole plant biomass correlated with N derived from BNF. The significant direct correlations between biomass and N derived from BNF indicated that N-fixation efficiency of strains are important factors influencing biomass accumulation of plants, but not the sole factors determine the promoted capacity of strain on plant biomass production. Different strains show various performances on accumulation of biomass in different parts of plant tissue, R. leguminosarum SY12 performed best on promotion of kernel production. In order to obtain aimed strain with particular property such as promotion of kernel production, the ¹⁵N tracing technique can be used in R. Leguminosarum strains screening of R. Leguminosarum, but the analysis both separate part and whole plant tissue are necessary.

Abstract: A Rhodobacter sphaeroides WL-APD911 with the capability of producing the end products of neurosporene and ξ-carotene, rather than the normal end products of spheroidene, was isolated from hundreds of strains by using chemical mutagenesis. The strain WL-APD911 grew well in LB medium, and the colored carotenoids were produced within 3 days of incubation at 30°C. The Rs-M of colored carotenoid extracts obtained from strain WL-APD911 by using methanol extraction inhibited the NO production and iNOS expression by LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. This probability of reason for the Rs-M as the best source was to prompt the anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation in nutraceutical products. Finally, the carotenoid extracts (Rs-M) with neurosporene and ξ-carotene was called lycogene to be a newly biomaterial.