Advanced Materials Research Vols. 347-353

Abstract: The biopharmaceutical industry, a high-tech dependence industry in china, is expanding rapidly. From the view of organizational ecology, the biopharmaceutical industry innovation population is qualitatively analyzed from aspects of innovative enterprises and achievements, which provide the evolution laws of two subpopulations. Then, the paper takes empirical study respectively on the two subpopulations with the contagion model and the density dependence model. Finally, this paper provides some syllogistic proposals in order to promote this industry to develop in a good way.

Abstract: Based on the introduction of the major problems in solid-state fermentation of straw to produce fuel ethanol and its development direction, this paper systematically discuss the process that currently used.Through analyzing the characteristics of all phases such as pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation and so on,we put forward a new kind of process scheme. In this process, we use a mixed method which combined dilute sulfuric acids with steam explosion pretreatment method, after water washing, adopt the method of synchronized saccharification solid-state fermentation,by adding pichia and cellulase enzyme hydrolysis,and we can get ethanol solution at the same time of enzyme hydrolysis. Then through filtered, purified, denatured and so on, at last, we get the fuel ethanol. The equipment that this process requires is simple, and its fermentation have high efficiency high and low energy consumption.

Abstract: As one of the most promising of the alternative energy sources, there are many advantages of solar energy: low carbon emissions; abundant and secure supplies; favoring developing countries; being cheap to run and maintain. Solar photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity. This is achieved using semiconductors and some complicated physics. This paper explains how it works. The solar source of light energy is described and quantified, along with a review of the basic equations of photovoltaic device physics. Particular attention is given to efficiency limits for single-junction, tandem solar cells and triple junction solar cells. The efficiency of single-junction cells is presented as a function of the energy gap, and the efficiency of tandem cells is presented as a function of the energy gap of top and bottom cells.

Abstract: In order to evaluate the environmental impact of tunnel construction in karst areas, this document establishes an indicator system consisting of physical geography, geology and hydrogeology as well as tunnel engineers and 19 specific indicators, along with grades and standards for assessment. The weight of each factor is determined using analytic hierarchy process, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is adopted to make a comprehensive evaluation. Basing on investigation and documentary, Xulingguan tunnel is taken as an example, and its environmental impact grade is assessed between very weak and middle, which fits the situation of field observation.

Abstract: Magnetite ore from Qinghai Province West China was studied. Quartz, silicate and olivine are mostly associated with magnetite in native as inclusions, and have micro-fine disseminated structure. Coarse grinding is done for energy saving, and then magnetic separation is processed. In order to meet the industry requirements of concentrate, flotation is processed to improve the grade. A stage grinding and stage flotation processing flowsheet is accomplished finally.

Abstract: Compared with the traditional anaerobic digestion, solid anaerobic digestion (SAD) of organic solid wastes has many advantages. But lower moisture content of the substrate seriously impedes the transmission and diffusion of the intermediate products and microorganism cells, therefore affects reaction speed, gas production and stability of the process. Studies on the mechanisms of SAD are very difficult because of multiple steps of the reactions and complexity of the substrates, which restricted the development of SAD. In this paper, reaction mechanisms and kinetic models of SAD process were reviewed and the research perspectives in this field were discussed.

Abstract: Chelating or complex resins especially the aminomethylene Phosphoric acid resin is one kind of the important ion-exchange resin being researched in recent years. Starting from the chelating resin composition, and according to the type of matrix, I overviewed the chelating resin-related dynamic of recent years.

Abstract: Based on the detailed analysis on the properties of each component in the system of dichlorophenol mixture in this paper, a new technique was proposed, which is used to extract 2,4- dichlorophenol through the method of cross-current dissociation extraction. The experimental results show that the quality content of 2,4- dichlorophenol can be refined to more than 98% with the yield reaching to 95% at a blow from raw material mixture after three grades of dissociation extraction. Compared with the traditional technique, the new method can bring about a comparatively simple processing step, meanwhile, the quality of products can be stable and the energy consumption can also be reduced.

Abstract: The aminated collagen fiber (ACF) was prepared by modifying collagen fiber (CF) with ethylenediamine and cynuric chloride as crosslinking agent. The appropriate modification conditions were optimized by single factor experiment method. The reaction molar ratio of CNC and -NH2 was 1.4, the reaction time of ice water bath was 3h, the temperature of the second phase was 45°C and the reaction time was 4h, the temperature of the third phase was 70°C and the reaction time was 3h. The content of amino of collagen fiber and aminated were measured by the method of salicylaldehyde. The structures of collagen fiber and aminated collagen fiber were characterized by SEM and FTIR respectively. The adsorption capacities and the content of amino of CF and ACF were observed by dealing with acidic black dyeing and sturgeon skin dyeing wastewater.

Abstract: The current exsiting studies on city rubbish mainly focus on the following three areas: the environment science area, the management science area and the economy science area. The exploration into the problem of city rubbish from the aspect of city planning theory would shed sight on our better understanding of the issue of city rubbish. In the following study, we will use the classification of city function theory, the basic urban design theory, the region planning theory, as well as some theories in economics and social sciences. The methods used in the study include the disassembling of complex problems, using the system projecting theory,conducting the on-the-spot investigation, and distributing questionnaire. The present study aims to find the effect of the appropriately classified city function on the solving of city rubbish problem, to utilize the rubbish disposing facilities with region planning theory, and appeal people to realize the effect of district space on city rubbish in the progress of urban design. The overall and most important purpose of this study is to decrease the amount of rubbish to be produced, to recycle the rubbish, and make people live more safely and comfortably.