Advanced Materials Research Vols. 347-353

Abstract: Intermediate temperature SOFC anode/electrolyte plates are made by pechini methods. The structural property of GDC anodes in IT-SOFC was studied. The effect of the synthesizing technology, of the original powder used and that of the sintering temperature, as well as other factors, on crystallization and catalytic activation of anodes have been studied. Results indicate that shrinkage of sintered anode supports with 35％NiO contents lower than that of 50％NiO contents. The effect of porosity of sintered anodes with different NiO contents as a function of sintering temperature was investigated as well. The good sintering kinetics of the GDC anode ceramics were obtained based on the NiO contents control.

Abstract: Methods currently used for the quantitative determination of total lipids and fatty acid composition in plant require solvent extraction. This study examined the solvent extraction of purple medic seed oil. Results varied with different extraction conditions. The effects of temperature, extraction time, sample size and solvent type on the extraction efficiency and oil quality were studied. The amount of extract collected was highest when ether absolute was used as a solvent for solvent extraction.

Abstract: The paper reviewed the research trends on ecosystem services in China based on the searching of ISI web of knowledge. After assessing the matches of a total of 33 papers, all of them were identified as addressing ecosystem services in China. The results showed that the last decade yielded an increasing number of studies on ecosystem services in China and the numbers of papers were increasing steadily after 2006. The total value of ecosystem services declines because of the land-use change and the decline is largely attributable to the increase of construction land in urban area, the conversion from wetland and forest ecosystems which have higher value of ecosystem services to agriculture, grassland and urban ecosystem. Based on the research trends on ecosystem services in China, we suggested that the ecological and environmental loss should be integrated into the decision-making system and the further environmental managements needed to decrease the harmful impact of mining and restore the injured natural ecosystems.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell and environmental chamber were developed to study corrosion in a simulated splash zone. The designs of the dual chambers and the mounting of the three electrodes in the cell resulted in an excellent simulation of the major parameters and conditions in the marine splash zone. Excellent data acquisition and corrosion observations were possible, thereby, leading to a successful laboratory technique for research on corrosion in the marine splash zone. Electrochemical corrosion measurements correlated with the progression of changes during the wet – dry cycles, and the corrosion behavior was verified by microscopic observation.

Abstract: This document analyses change of air quality of Wuhan basing on Urban Air Quality Daily Report (UAQDP) data during 2001-2010. The paper includes four parts: The first part focuses on changing trend of three air quality indicators (concentration of SO2, PM10, NOX). The second part analyses potential factors which affect air quality through grey correlation analysis method. I find that atmospheric temperature and economic growth are the most important factors among them. In the third part, I try to test if the relation of Wuhan’s air quality and economic growth verify Environmental Kuznets Curves (EKCs) hypothesis. The results show that SO2 increase first and decrease after GDP per capita increasing to 18000 Yuan, which form inverted U shape, while PM10 decrease and NOX increase continuously along with GDP growth. EKCs hypothesis is supported partly in Wuhan. The fourth part is a conclusion.

Abstract: A photocatalytic process combined with ammonia-water method was developed for flue gas desulfurization. With the photocatalytic technology we can not only achieve the purpose of solving the problem of SO₂ emissions but also realize the desire of hydrogen production from water splitting. CdS loaded with Pt were selected for the photocatalytic gas desulfurization. It was found that Pt/CdS showed a high activity for hydrogen production from ammonia sulfite solution, which is the prime product of ammonia-water method for flue gas desulfurization.

Abstract: This paper introduces the theoretical model of mechanical alloying. In view of the varied angle in the actual impact process, the Gauss distribution of angle is drawn into the model based on the angle factor. The distribution of temperature rise is obtained and fitted. It accords well with the Gauss distribution in some extent. The results show the thermal effect of powder depends on milling technology, the impact angle and others. Compared with the previous models, the presented model is well in consistent with the fact.

Abstract: Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin coated graphitized needle coke was synthesized by mixing graphitized needle coke with PF alcohol solution, stirring for a long time and then drying. Different processes of direct drying and drying followed filtration were performed to see the effect of coating. The coated materials were also carbonized, graphitized and then characterized. Experiment showed that filtration before dryness process can lead to uniform coating. The concentration of PF resin had an important effect on the coating amount of PF resin. When the PF resin concentration was 30% (wt%), the content of PF resin coated could possibly attain 15% (wt%) for the most. After carbonization, only small amount of carbon residue from PF resin was left which did not affect the crystal structure of graphitized needle coke.

Abstract: Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from lignite by microwave heating ZnCl2. The pore structure parameters of AC are characterized by nitrogen adsorption technique. The AC and ruthenium oxide/AC composite are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscope. Electrochemical properties of ACs and ruthenium oxide/AC composite electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge–discharge after AC was pre−oxidized by HNO3 solution. The results show that the specific surface area and total pore volume of AC from lignite reaches 1310 m2 g−1 and 0.80 cm3 g−1, respectively. The micropore volume of AC from lignite totals only 12.5%. AC and ruthenium oxide/AC composite electrodes with 5wt.% ruthenium oxide loading show high cycle stability. Compared to pristine AC electrode, specific capacitance of ruthenium/AC composite electrode and energy density of ruthenium/AC capacitor after 100 charge−discharge cycles increases 40.8% and 39.1%, respectively.

Abstract: Voided charged Polypropylene films have very large piezoelectric d33 coefficient and have emerged as a kind of novel electromechanical transducer materials. In this paper, we propose the analysis method of piezoelectric d33 coefficient of voided charged Polypropylene film by finite element model. The very flat voids are simulated by the hollow oblate tetrakaidecahedron and periodic boundary conditions are implied. The electrostatic analysis is conducted and elastic deformation is solved by using ANSYS FE software. Qualitative analysis is presented for the piezoelectric d33 coefficient, and several influencing parameters are discussed, including void geometry and charge density. This finite element model can provide help in the analysis and design of voided charged polymer film with complex microstructures.