Advanced Materials Research Vols. 396-398

Abstract: It is easy for common skeleton rubber seal of centrifuge to wear and tear and ageing, great economic loss is made at machine downtime. A new-type magnetic NBR seal was designed in this paper, which has the advantages of small coefficient of friction, light wear and self-recovery because nano-BaO.6Fe2O3 was added in NBR, the structure was simpler but the capability of seal is stronger. In this paper, through experiment and simulation, the various parameters on the sealing ability was analyzed , at the same time the best parameters centrifuge seal were determined , the problem of centrifuge sealing was solved successfully.

Abstract: T-shaped microreactors (T-MRs) with engulfment flow can increase product yield but their high driving pressure is a considerable concern to engineers. Thus, it is important to design a T-MR that can give maximum product yield within a limitation on driving pressure. The use of computational fluid dynamics model is not practical for optimal design of T-MRs due to its heavy computational load. In this research, an extended pseudo three-dimensional lamellar model (eP3DLAM) is proposed as a simple model of non-isothermal T-MRs to efficiently solve the optimal design problems. The usefulness of eP3DLAM is evaluated through a case study on T-MR design. The design result shows that eP3DLAM can accurately predict the concentration and temperature distributions in T-MRs and that the design period of T-MRs can be drastically reduced by using eP3DLAM.

Abstract: There are many reasons for conducting research involving the basic sanitation sector in Brazil, among these reasons are some very peculiar characteristics related to this sector, ranging from features to their design and form of organization to maintenance. This paper provides practical insight into the application of automation technologies in sanitation systems and aims to expose a set of solutions focused on automation of viable water supply that can be applied even in municipalities that manage their own water supply. Automated systems are characterized mainly by the need to purchase to send information from one or more operational control centers to remote stations located in diverse locations such as densely urbanized centers, non-urban areas, restricted access locations, coastal areas, areas port, underground cities and localities of high topography. This diversity of characteristics requires a set of automation solutions. Supervision and management information for the control and management of the supply system in an integrated and efficient.

Abstract: The reaction kinetics of the synthesis of quaternary ammonium salt under two sets of different reaction conditions, including microwave irradiation condition and conventional heating condition, were studied. In order to make sure that the microwave would not be interrupted, the reaction temperature was maintained at the boiling point of reaction solvents. The results showed that the reaction was a first-order reaction under both set of conditions and microwave irradiation changed the value of the activation energy of the reaction, indicating a change in the reaction mechanism. The activation energy was 41.44 kJ/mol under microwave irradiation condition, and 61.21 kJ/mol under conventional condition.

Abstract: A novel method of locating the pinch is presented for the design of heat exchanger networks. The method is based on the pinch design method for heat exchanger networks which was first introduced by Linnhoff. The method first consider the heat capacity flowrate of a stream with variation in temperature. This is because heat capacity flowrate of a stream with variation in temperature not only affect minimum utility requirement for heat exchanger network but also affect the pinch location, choice ofΔTmin.

Abstract: The gas flow structure of new quick-contact cyclone reactor was simulated by using Reynolds stress model of Computational Fluid Dynamics method. In preliminary work, it had been proved that the simulated results agreed well with the experimental results. The results show that: ⑴ in mixer region, the three-dimensional velocities of gas flow are very small and the vertical vortexes cover the most part of the mixer which could contribute to gas-solid mixing effect; ⑵ in separator region, the rotation intensity of gas flow is very strong through accelerating action of guided vanes. However, some vortexes exist near the entrance of exhaust pipe and dust hopper which is not conductive to separation efficiency. The results could play a directive role in mass and heat transfer process and catalytic cracking reaction in cyclone reactor.

Abstract: Abstract: Unwanted vibration produced by production process of chemical enterprises is controlled by the vibration absorber. This design is low-cost, easy installation and monitoring. The control algorithm builds a dynamic absorber model to analyze attributes of damping characteristics, and completes detailed experimental work in simulated factory environment. The investigation results demonstrate the good performance of absorber, and experiment results are able to prove the theory.

Abstract: In order to provide the theoretical basis for the development of anti-backstaining agent. The copolymer of styrene-maleic anhydride(SMA) was synthesized by free radical solution polymerization using benzoyl peroxide(BPO) as initiator, toluene as solvent, the hydrolytic styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (HSMA) was obtained by hydrolysis with Sodium hydroxide solution, the structure of HSMA was characterized by FI-IR. The HSMA was employed as anti-backstaining agent in the process of denim cellulase washing. The results showed that HSMA had little effect on the enzyme activity, the HSMA had excellent anti-backstaining capability, the effect of anti-backstaining increased with content of maleic anhydride in the copolymer increasing.

Abstract: Gardenia yellow was extracted from fructus Gardeniae using water as extracting solvent by means of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). The effects of ratio of water to raw material, exaction time and temperature were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiments. The results showed that the optimal extraction parameters were the extraction temperature of 40°C, ratio of water to raw material of 6:1, and time of 40 min. Under the conditions, the yield of gardenia yellow was 95.15% and the OD value was 1.51. The ratio of water to raw material had the most prominent effect on the process of UAE, followed by the time and then the temperature according to the statistical analysis of orthogonal experiments. Compared with traditional methods, UAE showed a better effect on the extraction efficiency of gardenia yellow from fructus Gardeniae at lower temperature as well as in a shorter time with higher yield when using water instead of organic solvents as extracting solvent.