Advanced Materials Research Vols. 396-398

Abstract: Vapor-liquid equilibrium data of hexamethyl disiloxane + ethyl acetate system at 101.3kPa were measured by using double circulating vapor-liquid equilibrium still. The thermodynamic consistency of the VLE data was examined by Herrington method. Experimental data was correlated by NRTL and UNIQUAC parameter models. Both of the models satisfactorily correlated with the VLE data. The result showed that the NRTL model was the most suitable one to represent experimental data satisfactorily and the system had a minimum temperature azeotrope at 350.31 K and the mole azeotropic composition was 0.0330.

Abstract: The vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the binary systems ethanol-water (1), propylene oxide (PO)-ethanol (2), PO-water (3) and the ternary system PO-ethanol-water (4) were determined at 101.3kPa. The binary VLE data measured passed the thermodynamic consistency verification. The experimental VLE data of the binary systems were correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) models. The results show that the values of molar fraction of the ternary system (4) in vapor phase from the binary NRTL parameters agree well with the experimental data.

Abstract: Liquid-liquid equilibrium tie-line data are reported for ternary mixture of (water + methanol +β-citronellol) at 283.15 and 313.15 K. The miscibility for the ternary (water + methanol + β-citronellol) LLE was increasing as the the temperature increased. The experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium data have been satisfactorily represented by using an extended UNIQUAC model.

Abstract: In the paper, a novel method is proposed for application of vehicle security by infrared camera and coating technology. In this Vehicle Security System (VSS), the traditional mirror is coated on the surface with special material by multi-layers, then, an infrared camera is placed behind the mirror on the bottom of device. In order to obtain the image, a wireless communication is integrated on this system. Therefore, the user can easily inspect the object under the vehicle. By using this infrared photography, it provides completely imaging for the total dark condition, to examine the under-vehicle area of an object or explosives. Experiments show that the proposed device reflected 80% of visible light and penetrated 20% of incident light, about 96% infrared light pass through the mirror.

Abstract: The gas explosion in spherical vessel vented into a dump vessel (“dump vessel vented”) was studied by experimental and numerical simulation. The CFD model used provided a reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The maximum pressure of the explosion vessel is more than the direct venting. But when ratio of dump vessel volume (vd) to explosion vessel volume (ve) is more than or equal to 5, the maximum pressure in the explosion vessel approximately equal to the maximum pressure of simple vented.

Abstract: A novel ligand containing sulfonic has been synthesized using 2-formylbenzenesulfonic sodium and 3-thiosemicarbazide as starting materials, and a Er (III) complex was synthesized. The ligand was characterized by element analysis and IR spectrum. The crystal structure of the Er (III) complex was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The results showed that the compound was triclinic, with P-1, a = 1.0596(4) nm, b = 1.3700(5) nm, c = 1.8305(7) nm, V = 2.4726(16) nm3, Z=2, M r= 1244.42, De =1.671 g/cm3, T = 273(2) K, F (000) = 1270, R = 0.0517 and wR = 0.1124. The complex forms two-dimensional layered structure through hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking.

Abstract: DFT B3LYP calculations with the 6-311G(d, p) basis set were carried out to explore the mechanism of the NH (X3Σ-) + HCNO reaction. On the basis of calculated reaction paths, the three reaction channels are predicted to occur via the following reaction steps. The NH radical initially attacks C atom of the HCNO radical, leading to an intermediate HC(NH)NO (a1), followed by formation of a bond between the H atom of NH (X3Σ-) radical and the N atom of HCNO, leading to the formation of product HNO + HCN. In addition to the H atom of NH (X3Σ-) radical migration in the intermediate HC(NH)NO (a1), the H atom migration from C atom to N atom leads to an intermediate HN(H)CNO (b), followed by rupture of H2N－CNO bond, leading to the products NH2 + CNO. The NH radical initially attacks N atom of the HCNO radical, leading to an intermediate HCN(NH)O (a3), followed by formation of the products CH2O + N2, through the intermediates d1, d2, d3, d4, e1, e2 and f. The CCSD(T)/ 6-311G(d,p) energetic results indicated that the total barrier of product 1, product 2 and product 3 is 32.8 kcal/mol, 89.5 kcal/mol, 40.0 kcal/mol, respectively. It is shown that P1(CH2O + N2), P3 (HCN + HNO) are the major product channels with a minor contribution from P2 (NH2 + CNO).

Abstract: Chemical threats in open war fields or terrorist attacks are a serious possibility. Chemical leakage, mass destruction weapons and terrorism attacks are some sources of exposure to chemical agents. If a treatment procedure is implemented soon enough to patients exposed to chemical agents, the number of victims will certainly be reduced. Therefore, the need of an available expert who can diagnose the chemical agent and provides the proper treatment is of a paramount necessity. However, there is a lack for such experts. In this paper we introduce a rule-based expert system that diagnoses the patients and provides a decision mechanism to determine which chemical agent the patient has been exposed to. According to our knowledge, no expert system has been developed for this problem. We will demonstrate the characteristics and side effects of different types of chemical agents and we will choose the important and appropriate set of signs and side effects that construct our decision tree in order to build our knowledge base and inference rules. The CLIPS expert system is used to develop the knowledge-based system. We believe that the proposed expert system would provide a good assistant to medical teams especially in critical periods of time.

Abstract: Abstract Heat treated Al-Si-Mg and Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast alloys, belonging to the Al-Si alloy system and represented respectively by 356 and 319 alloys containing mainly α-Fe-intermetallic and related to hardness levels of (100±10 HB), were selected for the machinability study, due to the high demand of these alloys in the automobile industry In this paper, one was provided with an introduction to the force and moment calculations that were used to evaluate the drilling processes as are outlined in a previous work.[1] A new technique was developed whereby a low pass filter was incorporated in the signal processing algorithm which was used in calculating the mean cutting force and moment during the drilling processes. All signals were independently monitored, digitized and recorded into Lab View. Universal Kistler DynoWare software was used for force measurements and data processing of cutting force and moments. Matlab programs were developed for data processing and for calculating the mean value of cutting force and moment and their standard deviations in drilling tests. The raw cutting force data were analysed using the application of a low pass filter and following the detection of points within each cycle in the signal in the drilling tests. 1600 sample points per cycle were acquired for calculating the mean value of cutting feed force (Fz) and 1200 sample points per cycle for the other five components of force and moment (Fx, Fy, Mx, My, and Mz) in each signal (115 cycle or hole/signal) however, only 200 sample points per cycle were used for standard deviation or peak-to-valley calculations. The low Mg-content 319 alloys (0.1%) yielded the longest tool life, more than two times that of 356 alloys (0.3%Mg) and one and half times longer than the high Mg-content 319 alloys (0.28%). It is customary to rate the machinability of the 319 alloy higher than 356 one and the machinability of the low Mg-content 319 alloy higher than the high Mg-content one.

Abstract: The standard molar enthalpies of combustion, (298.15K), of high-carbon faaty alochols (tetradecanol, hexadecanol, stearyl alcohol) were obtained by a precise thermal isolation oxygen bomb calorimeter. The values obtained are, respectively, –(9126.39) kJ•mol^-1, –(10446.15) kJ•mol^-1, and –(11780.49) kJ•mol^-1 for tetradecanol, hexadecanol, and stearyl alcohol. It was found that their standand molar enthlpies of combustion increase when the carbon number increases in the substances. There were also good agreement between the experimental and literature results for tetradecanol and tetradecanol. And the standard molar enthalpies of combustion of stearyl alcohol provided necessary thermodynamics basic data. Therefore, these data are available for the exploiting new synthesis method, engineering design and industry production on high-carbon alochols.