Advanced Materials Research Vols. 524-527

Abstract: A series of polyacrylate ester (PAE) was prepared by free-radical polymerization. The PAEs were used as pour point depressant for crude oil from Yumen Oil Field. PAE12 and PAE18 showed potent activity for 2# and 4# samples under the concentration of 500 ppm with the highest Δ pour point of 10-13°C. In the further study, the effect of the concentration on the pour point was investigated.

Abstract: An experimental study is carried out to investigate the structure parameters and pressure drop characteristics of a spiral flow generator in a horizontal liquid-solid circulation fluidized bed. The CCD image measurement and data processing system was used to study the particles distribution at different angles covering 10°, 15°, 20°and 25°normal to the axial flow direction. Increasing the vane angle resulted in lower particles non-uniform results. The vane angle has important influence on generation of the spiral flow in horizontal circulation fluidized bed. The pressure loss with spiral flow generator is higher than that without spiral flow generator. The average increase in pressure losses was about 110% in comparison with that for the pipe without spiral flow generator. The vane angle of 15° represented the minimum pressure drop values.

Abstract: The epoxy acrylate emulsion was made by hybrid emulsion polymerization. This method has simple technology, none solvent and friend to the environment. The epoxy acrylate hybrid emulsion was prepared by using core-shell emulsion polymerization technology. The factors, such as epoxy resin, emulsifier ,initiator and functional monomer, were investigated by the orthogonal experiment. The relation of interactional factors was confirmed, and one kind of steady emulsion was made. The best formulation condition of modified emulsion could be obtained when N-MA was 1%, MAA was 2%, emulsifier was 3%, epoxy resin was 6%, initiator was 0.6%. The structure of modified styrene acrylic hybrid emulsion was characterized by FT-IR, the peaks at 915cm-1 and 1251cm-1 correspond respectively to the motion of epoxy group and phenylate, so the graft polymer was confirmed.

Abstract: In this paper, Tung oil from the south of Shaanxi province was assayed, and the behavior of its thermal decomposition was investigated by thermogravimetry. The pyrolysis characteristics of Tung oil experimentally studied using thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA).The TG curves and DTG curves were examined under different operating conditions such as heating rate and different atmospheres. The mechanism equation of pyrolysis reaction, activation energy (E) and frequency factor (A) were obtained by using differential method to fit experimental data. The experimental results shown that there are two temperature ranges in the organic matter pyrolysis period: 350-420°C and 420-500°C in air, but 350-450°C in nitrogen. The effects on Tung oil pyrolysis of different heating rates were indistinct. The activation energy in the first period was more than that in the second period.

Abstract: Volatile constituents were isolated from twig, leaf and root parts of Clerodendrum inerme by ligarine extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). There were 6, 12 and 10 volatile constituents identified from different parts, respectively. All the extracts have in common a great percentage of esters (28.59–69.76%) and a high amount of fatty acids (19.27–41.85%), with the exception of the extract from root, which consisted mainly of meroterpene (37.61%). The antioxidant activity by DPPH test was investigated for all the extracts. The root extract exhibited strong antioxidant property with IC50 value of 67.5 μg/ml, about 26% of the potency of known antioxidantα-tocopherol, which probably due to the presence of 6-methylene-3,3-diphenyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene (2.12%). And the characteristic odor of root extract could be attributed to the presence of ferruginol (37.61%) with strong sensory property. The results present here indicated a potential source suitable for using as antioxidant agent and offered theoretic basis for utilization of the traditional folk herb C. inerme.

Abstract: Thermal characters behavior of five crude oils samples covered a wide range of fluid composition and properties were studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). By comparing with standard alumina method, it is proved that checking the paraffin recovery ratio in kerosene solution containing different concentration wax by thermal method is feasible.

Abstract: An experiment on effects of composite promoting agents composed of surfactants and liquid hydrocarbons on hydrate formation was conducted and hydrate formation temperature, pressure, induction time and rate with different composite promoting agent portfolios were measured. Surfactants used were sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS) and 2-octyl sodium dodecyl sulfate(GC20S), and liquid hydrocarbon additives utilized were ring silane e (CP) and methyl cyclohexane (MCH). It appeared that all these combinations of composite promoting agents could promote hydrate formation. Type II and H hydrate formation conditions with composite promoting agents CP+GC20S and MCH+GC20S respectively were the mildest and the induction time was the shortest.

Abstract: Pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has drawn much attention around the world. Recent years have seen an upsurge of interest in developing low cost and reliable methods for the detection and precise determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), because of their carcinogenicity and toxicity. A comprehensive review focusing on sources, accumulation and toxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons is presented. The review also highlights the current best practices for analysis of PAHs and discus in details the potential cancer risk assessment of Human risk exposure to PAH via three pathways. There is an increased need for laboratories in developing countries to determine such class of chemicals. A major focus revealed the need for low cost method that can be easily implemented such as Dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction.

Abstract: A series of novel pyridazinone derivatives was designed and synthesized. Insecticide activities of 7 pyridazinone derivatives were evaluated. The Preliminary bioassy test showed that compounds exhibited mild activity or moderate activity against Oriental armyworm at 200mg L^-1

Abstract: The paper introduces the whole process ideas of pyrolysis and resources utilization of the heavy oil sewage sludge. Experiments of pyrolysis temperature optimization, the yields and composition analysis of pyrolysis products, the conditions optimization experiment of recycling aluminum salt from pyrolysis residue and the analysis of pyrolysis residue adsorptivity were carried out. These experiments shown that: when pyrolysis temperature was 600°C, oil content of pyrolysis residue could be controlled within 3.0‰, oil recovery rate could hit 10%, and C1-C3 hydrocarbons components of pyrolysis gas could reach 90%; gasoline, kerosene, diesel and other light components in pyrolysis oil could be amounted to 60%. When the following conditions were chosen: decarburization temperature of pyrolysis residue was 700-750°C, calcination time was 0.5-1h, acid dissolution time at normal temperature was 2-5h, concentration of HCl was 25-30%, molar ratio of Al and HCl was 1:1.0-1:1.2, aluminum dissolution rate could hit 90%, aluminum concentration of dissolved liquid could hit 10%. When pyrolysis final temperature was 600°C, residue with adsorption properties on the removal effect of COD and oil from oilfield oil sewage could be better than activated carbon.