Advanced Materials Research Vols. 550-553

Abstract: In this paper, two typical chemical agents SAP and PAM were selected to reduce NPS pollution. Soil water content, nutrient transport and soil erosion have been researched. The results showed that the water deep percolation was reduced and the moisture of root zone increased by 3.6%-12.69% after chemical agents application; PAM can immobile soil grains, and significantly reduce soil erosion on sloping land by 25.5%-53.4%. The synergies of PAM and SAP can significantly influence transport of nutrients in the soil vertical profile, moreover, the content of nutrient was enriched in root zone that the content of Nitrate-N increased 14.7% and Ammonium-N increased 9.8%. It can been found that CL2 (SAP150 kg/k㎡+PAM4.5 kg/k㎡) treatment is superior to CL1 (SAP150 kg/k㎡+PAM2.25 kg/k㎡) in soil moisture conservation and reducing NPS pollution in two slopes orchards.

Abstract: Abstract. [Aims] A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was presented for determination of fentin acetate residue in beet and soils. [Methods] Fentin acetate was extracted from beet plants and soils with hydrochloric acid and acetonitrile, followed by a second extraction in dichloromethane, purified by acid aluminium oxide with methanol eluting, then dissolved by concentration and dilution with acetoneitrile. A HPLC with UV detection at 220 nm and a Waters Sun FireTM-C18 column, which was eluted with methanol and 0.5% phosphoric acid aqueous solution and was used based on an external standard calibration curve. [Results] The results showed that the average recoveries were 88.4-95.6% for beet plants and 91.2-91.8% for soils. The relative standard deviations were 2.0-4.5% and 4.3-5.3% respectively. The minimum detectable level was 1.6×10-10g, the lowest detectable concentration was 0.02mg/kg. [Conclusions] The method is convenient and can meet the requirement of residual analysis and also provide reference for other crops.

Abstract: γ-L-glutamyl alkylamines have potential medicinal value. In this research, five different γ-L-glutamyl alkylamines were synthesized. The result showed that substrate specificity of alkylamines, from high to low, is methylamine, ethylamine, n-propylamine, isopropylamine and n-butylamine. The reaction was optimal at pH 9.5 and 45°C, and the optimal substrate mole ratio of L-glutamine to alkylamine was 1:3 (mol/mol).Under these conditions, conversion rate of L-glutamine is about 90% (mol/mol)．

Abstract: Cellulase named as Celluclast 1.5L was used to deal with bleached softwood pulp. By analyzing the changes of fiber polymerization, fiber length and pulp freeness before and after enzymatic treatment, studied the influence of cellulase to filtration and fiber morphology of bleached softwood pulp, and discussed the mode of action of cellulase to bleached softwood pulp. The results show that while the enzyme dosage increasing, the degree of cellulose hydrolysis increases; the pulp polymerization degree decreases; fiber length decreases and the content of fines increase. Pulp filtration first increases and then decreases, but fiber surface does not appear the phenomenon of fibrillating. It indicates that the action of cellulase to fiber is from the inside to outside.

Abstract: Cellulase named as Novozym 476 was used to modify three kinds of bleached softwood pulps respectively. By analyzing the changes of refining degree, water retention value, specific surface area, wetting properties of fiber before and after enzymatic treatment, studied the influence of characteristics of raw material to the effect of enzymatic modification. The results indicate that in the same conditions, the refining property, water retention value, specific surface area and wetting property of the three pulps all increase. Among these three pulps, the pulp of Kamloops Kraft has the best modification effect. Refining degree of Kamloops Kraft pulp increases 36.0 °SR when refining for 10,000 PFI revolutions, and the water retention value increases by 68.0%, the dye loading increases with 0.1 mg/g, the contact angle decreases by 4.5%. It illustrates that the fiber raw material with a thin cell wall would have a better effect of enzymatic modification and the wrapping way of microfibers would influence the effect of enzymatic modification.

Abstract: The pure natural anti-UV finishing agent was extracted respectively from turmeric,Scutellaria and rhubarb by the method of water circumfluence.The compound experiments of anti-UV finishing agent were arranged according to uniform recipe design UM15(153)table,and the best compound program was obtained.The silk fabrics were treated by the compound solution and the UV transmittance,surface morphology,washability,air permeability,capillary effect,breaking strength and breaking elongation of the treated fabrics were measured.The results show that,the UV transmittance T(UVA) of the treated fabric after is 2.61%,T(UVB) is 2.62%,UPF is 41.62.The effect of anti-UV finishing agent is excellent, and the wearabilities of the fabric are not affected.

Abstract: By means of pharmacological approach and stomatal analysis，the role of G protein in light-regulated stomatal movement in Vicia faba L. was studied. The result shows that CTX, the activator of heterotrimeric G protein α-subunit, induced stomatal closure under light, but this effect can be reversed by ascorbic acid(Vc) and catalase(CAT). It indicated that G protein was blunted by light, and H2O2 may be one downsteam signal molecule in G protein participated light-regulated stomatal movement.

Abstract: The metobolism of K, Ca, Mg and microelement in the root of Phaseolus raditus L. were studied. By flame atomic absorption spectromentry (FAAS), the concentration of K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in the root of mung bean seedlings at the initial stage of growth under cadmium stress (1 μmol/L) were determined. It shows that the concentration of K, Mg and Mn in the root are decreased，but Ca, Zn, Cu, and Fe are increased. So, it indicated that Cd did harm, indirectly, to the root of mung bean seedlings at the initial stage of growth.

Abstract: The effect of PLC in dark-regulated stomatal movement in Vicia faba L. was studied by means of pharmacological approach and stomatal analysis. The result shows that dark-induced stomatal closure can be blocked by U73122, which is a kind of special inhibitor for PLC, and so does the NOs inhibitor, L-NAME and the scavenger of NO, c-PTIO. So this result indicated that the bioactivity of PLC was high in darkness, and some relationship may lie between PLC and NO in stomatal movement.

Abstract: The effect of three kinds of oxidants, hydrogen peroxide, copper oxide and ammonium persulfate, on the structures and properties of modified lignin were investigated. It is found out that a low dosage of oxidant can result in the increase in the content of active phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl. It is most likely to cleave β-O-4 and C-C bond in lignin molecule. Compared to ammonium persulfate and copper oxide, hydrogen peroxide exhibits relatively mild oxidation to lignin. The oxidation of lignin with excessive ammonium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide can cause free radical polymerization of alkali lignin, leading to the increase of molecular weight and the decrease of the sulfonation degree of the sulfonated lignin followed by oxidation and hydroxymethylation (OSAL). Ammonium persulfate exhibits a stronger capacity to initiate free polymerization reaction compared to hydrogen peroxide, so it is suitable to use a low dosage of ammonium persulfate for the oxidation of alkali lignin. Copper oxide could not cause a free radical polymerization, therefore the molecular weight of the sulfonated lignin is lower, and the sulfonation degree is higher. OSAL with a good dispersive effect to cement paste should simultaneously possess a high sulfonation degree and an appropriate molecular weight.