Advanced Materials Research Vols. 550-553

Abstract: Paulownia that is widely distributed in china has the potential for fuel ethanol production because of its relative high cellulose and hemicellulose content and high growth rate. The dilute acid pretreatment hydrolysis process was optimized by developing a respond surface methodology to research the optimum condition of pretreatment. Cellulose conversion ratio and furfural concentration were conducted as the response results of the RSM. The optimal condition of pretreatment is the reaction temperature 145.5°C, the sulfuric acid concentration 1.14% and the residence time 39.3min, the highest cellulose conversion ratio 89.48% was achieved and furfural concentration was smaller than 1g/L. The chemical compositions of untreated paulownia were investigated and their structures were detected by SEM.

Abstract: In order to study the the Chuanxiong polysaccharide ultrasonic extraction process, examine the ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power, solid-liquid ratio and extraction temperature on the Chuanxiong polysaccharide extract rate. The results show that the role of time at 30min Polysaccharide better, the extraction rate is 26.63%. when the ultrasonic power is 320W, Polysaccharide extraction rate is 26.15%.When the solid-liquid ratio is 1:20, polysaccharide extraction rate is 27.73%. When the extraction temperature is 60°C, the polysaccharide extraction rate is 27.73%.

Abstract: “Algal Bloom” have been broken in Wuliangsuhai lake in May 2008 and in May 2009, this situation has caused some loss of lake inherent function,for example aquaculture, irrigation, tourism and so on, at the same time,severely restricting the sustainable development of regional economy. It is a very important Question for “algal Bloom” need to be concerned of leads and scholars.Water quality, hydrology, meteorology etc Monitoring data were analyzed for the "algal Bloom" period. The results show: The main reasons of “algal Bloom” were many beneficial factors for algal growth and water eutrophication in the state of long-term.

Abstract: The metabolites characteristics of a bacteria producing esterifying synthetase in different fermentation conditions were studied. A bacteria strain producing esterifying enzyme was isolated from Luzhou-flavor Daqu and it was identified by Biolog Microbes automated identification System. Fermentation conditions such as fermentation time, fermentation initial pH and fermentation temperature were changed. The fermentatiom broth was extracted by ethanol and analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that the strain was Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius. With the prolonging of fermentation time, methanol and various higher alcohols were gradually decreased and even disappeared, but the esters were gradually increased. With the rise of fermentation initial pH, the acids were decreased. When initial pH was 7.5, more esters were produced, but some metabolites were not changed with the initial pH of fermentation, such as acetic acid, acetaldehyde, 3-methyl butanol and 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone etc. With the increase of fermentation temperature, the alcohols and acids kinds increased. When the fermentation temperature was 35°C, the more esters were produced.

Abstract: The climate change of different seasons brings significant effects to the air temperature and humidity of tobacco shred store room, leads fluctuations of moisture rate of stored tobacco shred and easily leads to the unsteady of products qualities as well as wastages. With the experimental research of environmental temperature and humidity changes of tobacco shred store room and producing wastages, analysis the data of temperature, time and moisture changes of stored tobacco shred and producing wastages, and demonstrates that, when the environmental temperature and humidity control index of stored tobacco shred is at 26~30°C/60~68%RH, it is good for the alcoholization of tobacco shred and stability of moisture balance, and reduce the online wastages on the certain degree.

Abstract: Orthogonal test was employed to inspect the flocculation of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides in this text. The result showed that Rhodopseudomonas spheroides has good performance in flocculation effect of coal slurry. The hightest flocculation ratio is 93.4%. The optimum technological combination of flocculation test has been obtained:incubation time:12h,Coagulation aid dosage:2mL,Bacterium fluid amount:2mL,The categories of flocculants: the cell homogenates,pH:7.The FTIR analysis showed that the extractive of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides contain a large number of acidic Polysaccharides which has flocculent effect component.The main flocculation is “adsorption-bridge” between Molecular bioflocculant and coal slurry.

Abstract: One of the roles nitrite played in meat curing is to produce the characteristic pink color, but the use is limited due to its potential carcinogenicity. In this study, porcine blood was used for synthesizing glycosylated nitrosyl-hemoglobin (G-NO-Hb) through maillard reaction and the preparation conditions were optimized. Also, the stability of G-NO-Hb was assessed by UV-Vis spectra. The results showed that: the optimum ratio of blood cells to water was 1: 2, nitrite of 2 mg/kg reaction mixture was chosen. The synthesized G-NO-Hb solution was rather stable under light radiation at 20°C for 20d. It revealed that G-NO-Hb was a potential stable pigment used for meat curing as a nitrite substitute.

Abstract: The aims of this work were to utilize tea seed shell, biomass waste, for the preparation of activated carbon by zinc chloride activation. The effects of the preparation parameters, which were concentration of Zncl₂, impregnation ratio, impregnation time and activation time, on the yield and adsorption capacity of methylene blue solution were analyzed in order to optimize these operation conditions by Orthogonal experiment. The experimental results show that the optimum activated carbon from tea seed shell was obtained by these conditions as follows: impregnation ratio of 50% ZnCl₂/shell of 1:1.5, 2.5 hours impregnation time and 1.5 hours activation time in 500°C activation temperature.

Abstract: Soybean proteins have shown great potential for use as renewable, environmentally friendly adhesives. In this research, poly(vinyl acetate)(PVAc) latex and some auxiliary agent were used to modify soy protein isolate(SPI). The chemical microstructure of the adhesives was obtained by means of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The influence factors of the bonding strength and the water resistance of SPI adhesive were studied by different mass ratios of the SPI and PVAc latex, the blending time and the crosslink time. A better synthesis condition is as follow, the mass concentration of SPI is 13%; the mass concentrations of urea, PVAc latex and the crosslinker is 6%, 11.1% and 1.5%, respectively(relative to the total mass of SPI and water), and the crosslink time is 1.5h. The thermal properties are studied and the mechanism is discussed.

Abstract: In this study, the movement and orientation of bacteria cells were controlled by direct current(DC) electric fields, result in altering alignment of bacterial cellulose nanofiber and further changing the 3-dimensional network structure of bacterial cellulose. A modified swarm plate assay was performed to investigate the migration of Gluconacetobacter xylinus cells which exposed in DC electric field. It suggested that the cells moved toward to negative pole and with the increasement of the electric field strength the velocity will also increase. The SEM analysis demonstrated that the cellulose fiber bundles which synthesized at 1V/cm have lager diameter and a trend toward one direction. Meanwhile the growth state of G.xylinus in the presence of DC electric field was also being observed.