Advanced Materials Research Vol. 650

Abstract: A new method to correct a distorted image is proposed in this paper, which is based on the relationship between image magnification and distortion coefficient. First, the image magnification is solved. Then, the image distorted coefficient can be obtained with simple linear operation. Ultimately, experiments are carried out, and the correction results obtained by the collinear points-based method are compared with the method proposed in this paper. The results show that both provide good correction effects. At the same time, the accuracy of the new proposed method is higher. The proposed method takes the advantages of simple algorithm, few known conditions and fast computing speed. The new method has great significance in engineering metrology and complex condition.

Abstract: This paper asserts a method of controlling the cursor based on the Fisher linear discriminant (FLD) analysis to recognize six classifications of human face movements, which are face movements upwards, downwards, leftwards, rightwards, blinking of the right eye and blinking of the left eye. These classifications represent cursor movements upward, downwards, leftwards, rightwards, and the right or left button on the mouse respectively. This method can be separated into two areas: face detection and gaze recognition. Face detection is to convert the RGB color space into YCbCr in order to segment skin tone areas, where the human face area is located by using the connect component labeling method. Gaze recognition is accomplished by building a gaze recognition training model parameter through FLD algorithm. Then, by using the Euclidean distance as the rule of decision, match the detected facial image to the parameters of this model to find the shortest Euclidean distance and its corresponding classification to control cursor movements.

Abstract: In allusion to the traditional temperature control method for domestic wall-mounted gas boiler, this paper designed a temperature control system with a wireless temperature sensing circuit to transmit the real-time indoor temperature to the controller, effectively solved the problem that the detection temperature is always lower than the indoor temperature, and guaranteed the temperature control effect of the wall-mounted gas boiler. Furthermore this temperature control system can set the temperature at home, while users can remotely start and stop the heating of the gas boiler by mobile phone.

Abstract: Fine blanking process can produce parts with accurate cutting edge quality. Studying the effects of process parameters on accuracy and quality of fine banking products are usually expensive. In this paper, an innovative idea has been introduced for a set of fine blanking test rig which is not as complicate and expensive as standard fine blanking dies but it could be used alternatively for limited laboratory works. The main concept of the rig is based on manual adjustment of counter punch force and blank holder force by means of rubber spring and torque meters respectively. As a case study, the effect of counter punch force of fine blanking process in a 2mm thickness steel AISI-1006 sheet was studied by this test rig. The results show that increasing the counter punch force makes burr dimension on cutting edge to get smaller which means better quality of the product.

Abstract: Thermal-Elastic-Plastic finite element analysis is introduced to study the deformation of laser welding of thin plate with consideration of varying material parameters. From aspects of numerical simulation and experiment, three welding cases are investigated: (1) the butt welding with constraint clamp, (2) the free bead welding, (3) the bead welding with constraint clamp. At last, the deformation configurations of welding plate under different constraint cases are characterized, and the behaviors of welding deformation are summarized.

Abstract: Ultra-precision ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting (UVC) with polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tool refers to the cutting with certain amplitude and high frequency tool vibration, which can definitely reduce the cutting forces and tool wear when compared with the conventional cutting. However, in the actual cutting process, the tool vibration direction is not strictly in accordance with the designed cutting direction based on the manufacturing dimension and installation accuracy error of the vibration device. It will result in an inclined cutting angled with the linear direction. The inclination angle leads to periodical grooves on the machined surface, therefore affecting the quality of machined surface. In addition, the inclined vibration cutting will also lead to an increase in cutting forces, thus exacerbating the PCD tool wear. This paper has analyzed the influence of inclined vibration on the roughness of machined surface. A finite element (FE) simulation model of inclined linear vibration cutting has also been set up to analyze the variations of cutting forces with different inclination angle, so as to explore the mechanism of tool wear. Moreover, ultra-precision ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting (UVC) experiments with different inclination angle have been carried out. The machined surface and PCD tools have been investigated. Combining with the theoretical analysis, this work has concluded that inclined vibration will increase the roughness of machined surface as well as exacerbate the PCD tool wear. The effective techniques have been proposed to improve the surface quality and reduce the tool wear by reducing the inclination angle of vibration and with carbon atmosphere.

Abstract: Bush is one of machine and automobile parts like brake used in drums and hubs in particular. Such bush parts are used for bearings of heavy-duty, large cars requiring wear resistance and high load carrying capacity. High temperature diffusion bonding has been applied for holding the both materials of the bushing together, which are outer steel materials and inner composite-sintered bushings. Therefore, it is very important evaluate the bonding integrity in manufacturing process. A simulation has been performed in order to evaluate the maximum defect sizes. Also, ultrasonic C-scan tests were performed for finding the defect in the composite-sintered bushings with the size of inherent flaws.

Abstract: SKD 61 is tool steel that recommended using for hot working as mold and die. . In order to making mold and die, Wire Electrode Discharged Machining (WEDM) has been most operation. The objective of this research was to study factors, which were affected on surface roughness and optimal parameters in WEDM of hardened tool steel. Material used in the experiment was tool steel JIS SKD 61 that was hardening by heat treatment process. Taguchi’s experimental design was conducted on 5 factors and 3 levels that L27 of Taguchi standard orthogonal array was chosen for the design of experiments. Power setting, off time off, wire feeding, wire tension and wire offset were chosen as factor for evaluation surface roughness. The importance level of the machining parameters was determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum factors combination was obtained by using the analysis of signal- to-noise (S/N) ratios. Finally, experimentation was carried out an optimal solution of machining parameters for quality of surface roughness in WEDM process.

Abstract: Computer virtual reality technology is a new type of technology in recent years, which has been used to every field widely and plays an important role. Putting the virtual reality technology into sports field will benefit scientific training of competitive sports and digital research of skilled theory, which will facilitate the rapid development of modern sports. Virtual reality technology has begun to be applied usually in the fields of sports event broadcast, theoretical digital sports training and physical education.

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to study milling parameters and coolant, which were affecting to surface hardness of tool steel: SKD 11. The experiment was design by conduction of 3 factors and 3 levels. The parameters consisted of three levels of cutting speed and three levels of feed rate. Furthermore, the experiment was done by coolant types. Soluble oil vegetable oil and dry-cutting were used for coolant types in milling. The face milling process was chosen to experiment. Cutting tool was used for this study was inserted carbide with coated polycrystalline vapor deposited (PVD) tools. The finding of main factors and interaction between factors affected to surface hardness was analyzed. Effect of cutting speed and feed rate on surface hardness after milling was discussed. In order to finding suitable of coolant type, effect of coolants on hardness of machined surface was analyzed and compared.