Advanced Materials Research Vol. 684

Abstract: This paper uses clustering analysis method to explore time-space characteristics distribution of traffic accidents, losses converted into cash, number of deaths and injuries. We select hierarchical clustering method to analyze about 458 thousands road traffic accidents in china from 2009 to 2010. And the time-space characteristics distributions include month distribution, annual average daily distribution, annual average daily time of occurrence distribution, road type distribution, road alignment distribution. The results show that traffic accidents on expressway are bound up with these characteristics.

Abstract: Design & Build contract is the main contracting model in the international construction market which has a high standard requirement for the main contractor which encompasses analysis of the project and cost control, critical Value Engineering in Design review stage are necessary part for the whole project. This article elaborates how to do the VE during the design stage and the practice of approval process of VE is a very effective method to create benefits for the whole project.

Abstract: According to characteristics of building market in middle east zone，this text mainly introduce the importance，characteristic，compilation process and notice of shop drawing during the project construction especially focus on the compilation process of shop drawing. And during process of shop drawing we briefly introduce how to communicate with consultant for producing the shop drawing and how to manage the shop drawing.

Abstract: The port’s collection and distribution is an important application branch of container drop and pull transport. Taking full account of the problems of empty containers and trailers, the paper explores the vehicle schedule problem in drop and pull transport in import and export businesses. Then this paper designs the corresponding mathematical models and greed algorithms. Finally, the advantages of this transport mode in the utilization of vehicle, transport efficiency and fleet operating costs are verified based on the real production data of Rongqi port in Foshan

Abstract: Based the panel data of China from 1997 to 2008, this paper constructed the regional total-factor energy efficiency (TFEE) by using the method of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and then discussed the regional influence of FDI on local energy efficiency. The empirical results show that, FDI improved Chinese average level of energy utilization efficiency; the FDI inflow in the eastern region and the central region improved local energy efficiency, however, western area FDI reduced the energy efficiency. Some policy suggestions are also put forward for energy-saving and emission reduction target.

Abstract: Reliability activities are throughout the life cycle of products. Based on the ideas of reliability engineering and analysis of reliability testing of notebook，a new plan of reliability testing of notebook is put forward. In the plan, the testing is designed from the field experiments, and the factor of testing is recorded by certain sensors. The test platform is built from the test items and the test requirements. The test platform has the flexible structure and intelligent control function. The test work requires the management of reliability which is aimed to form the test specification.

Abstract: In this study we develop a two-warehouse deteriorating production-inventory model from the perspectives of both the manufacturer and the retailer. The model considered multiple deliveries, partial backordering and inflation. The discounted cash flow (DSF) and optimization technique are also used to derive the optimal solution. A numerical example is given to validate the results of the whole production-inventory system. This study shows that multiple deliveries of the integrated system results in an optimal solution for the manufacturer-retailer supply chain system.

Abstract: The construction project is a complex sector which characterized with low productivity, cost and time overruns and conflicts. The major challenges in construction project risk assessment which may attributed to knowledge requirements for determining the level of uncertainty and development of complex models to predict . Portfolio theory and capital market theory stipulate that risk consists of two types, First, systematic risk, which cannot be controlled, emanates from external factors such as acts of God, natural disasters, market risk, interest-rate risk, and purchasing-power risk. Second, unsystematic risk, which can be controlled, relates to organization-specific factors such as business risk and financial risk (Fischer and Jordan 1996).) . To identifies the risk factors that influence the cost-effective management, operation, and maintenance of construction project, as well as how and when in the project life cycle the identified risk factors impact to the associated costs . The identification and design of risk is the first step of risk management. It contain the recognition of potential risk event conditions in a project and the clarification of risk responsibilities. A total of 50 risk factors on construction for stake holders (client , contractor ,consultant ) share projects were identified after conducting an extensive literature survey. A questionnaire survey was conducted from 60 project managers(20 from each category) in all three proficiencies with background experience in buildings ,road and bridges with minimum 15 years experience , to identify the most significant risk factors impact in construction projects . Interviews were conducted face to face, ensuring a 100 percent response rate. The questionnaire was amended by incorporating feedback of the experts to suit the local environments of the construction industry. The weight or rate of each risk factor gained by using a five-point Liker scale from a consolidated conceptual framework of all 50 risk factors identified from the deep literature work . The main aim of these research is to identify ,categorize and ranking common risks, exert management techniques to address those risks , effective risk management and risk status in the construction industry and to help stakeholders to take stock of their ongoing and future projects, with a focus on important risks, their management techniques and barriers to effective implementation of risk management systems.

Abstract: Risk is a part of business endeavours because of uncertainty (Flanagan and Norman 1993; Fischer and Jordan 1996). Portfolio theory and capital market theory stipulate that risk consists of two types, First, systematic risk, which cannot be controlled, emanates from external factors such as acts of God, natural disasters, market risk, interest-rate risk, and purchasing-power risk. Second, unsystematic risk, which can be controlled, relates to organization-specific factors such as business risk and financial risk(Fischer and Jordan 1996). These forms of risk are fundamental to the construction and the insurance industries.( Tah et al. 1993) . The construction project is a complex sector which characterized with low productivity, cost and time overruns and conflicts. The major challenges in construction project risk assessment which may attributed to knowledge requirements for determining the level of uncertainty and development of complex models to predict . To identifies the risk factors that influence the cost-effective management, operation, and maintenance of construction project, as well as how and when in the project life cycle the identified risk factors impact to the associated costs .The web- based tool can be used by decision -makers during the pre-planning stage of construction projects to estimate cost and duration implications of various risk occurrence scenarios, determine contingencies and prepare risk management plans . In this research the author considered all key articles in the related research streams in recent 30 years and analyzed the risk management views in order to identify key risk factors and its impact on the construction projects.

Abstract: With the information era and the advent of the digital world, digital signal processing has become extremely important in today's one of the disciplines and technical fields.Digital signal processing in seismic signal ,communications, voice, image, automatic control radar, and other fields has been widely used.In this paper,I design several kind of FIR digital filters based on virtual instrument to solve the problem that signal noise reduction.