Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: Based o n the theory of QFD and a systematic description of the echelon pattern of urban circle solid waste disposal, a specific waterfall decomposition model for integrated design of the echelon pattern is brought forward, which is made of four houses of quality. The first house of the waterfall decomposition model- the HOQ of facilities planning for urban circle solid waste disposal is set as an example. From the angle of customer requirements, the importance of different kind of customer requirements is calculated quantitatively, using the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process. By analyzing the internal relationship of the echelon pattern, it’s concluded that the site selection of solid waste disposal points, stations and fields, and efficiency of solid waste disposal are the most important problems of the design for the echelon pattern of urban circle solid waste disposal. This work provides academic basis for the integrated design of the echelon pattern of urban circle solid waste disposal.

Abstract: This paper presents an approach to estimate volume of leachate from municipal solid waste using 2D and 3D electrical resistivity imaging. This process is a deviation from Water Balance Method (WBM) that is commonly used for leachate quantification at landfill sites. While the WBM emphasis is on generating rate, this geophysical approach estimates the in-situ total quantity of leachate. Five 100m profiles were used to generate five 2D inverted pseudo-sections and a 3D inverted section using RES2DINV and RES3DINV programs respectively. The resistivity of inverted pseudo-sections clearly delineated the contaminant leachate plume (ρ < 5 Ωm), which facilitated its volume estimation. The effective porosity values of clay (0.15) and sand/gravel (0.28) deduced from lithology logs were used in calculating the imaged volume of the leachate. To confirm the measured resistivity variation in the saturated subsurface around the dumpsite, in-situ electrical conductivity values of 1782 μS/cm and 4521 μS/cm were determined for uncontaminated and contaminated zones respectively. A total leachate volume of 2.21 x 10³ was estimated for the 1600 survey area.

Abstract: The boracic poly-aluminum-ferric-silicate (B-PSAF) coagulant was prepared by water solution co-polymerization method, which was synthesized from sodium silicate, aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride and sodium borate. In addition, the best molar ratio of boron and silicon was determined by single factor process. The micro-morphology and structure of B-PSAF were studied by scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR). It has been studied the operation of B-PSAF as the flocculating agent, the dosage and its effects on the flocculability. Experiments show that B-PSAF is a good effective flocculant, which can be used to treat alkaline dyeing wastewater and it has the features of less consumption, rapid coagulation and high removal rate of COD_Cr.

Abstract: This paper introduces the method of 3D modeling and visualization of ArcGIS combined with SketchUp, and describes the pipeline modeling process in SketchUp. And a drain-pipes network 3D GIS system is established with the actual drain-pipes data, which can fulfill the functions of three-dimensional display of drain-pipes network, pipeline locating, roaming and other functions.

Abstract: Agriculture is a big consumer of fresh water in competition with other sectors of the society. The agricultural sector continues to have a negative impact on the ecological status of the environment. The worlds interest in high quality food is increasing. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of subsurface drip irrigation on physiological responses, yield and water use efficiency, Soil nitrogen, Root weight density of potato in the semi-humid region of middle China using subsurface drip irrigation. The experiment used second-stage treated wastewater with and without addition of chloride, and both subsurface drip and furrow irrigations were investigated. Results indicated that the alternate partial root-zone irrigation is a practicable water-saving strategy for potato. The drip with chlorinated and non-chlorinated water improved water use efficiency by 21.48% and 39.1%, respectively, and 44.1% in the furrow irrigation. Partial root zone drying irrigation stimulates potato root growth and enhances root density. The content of the heavy metal in the potato tubers is no more than the National Food Requirements, and it is consistent with National Food Hygiene Stands.

Abstract: The four major rivers restoration project (4MRRP) was carried out in Korea between Oct., 2009 and Sep., 2012. The major purposes and effects of the 4MRRP were flood control, safe water security and water quality improvement. For flood control, 450 million m³ of sediments were dredged with the reinforcement of 620 km-long old levees. Sixteen weirs were constructed and 93 reservoir banks were elevated for safe water security. Deformation of the main channels appeared to be inevitable because the longitudinal slope and cross section of the river had changed. In particular the construction of weirs could take the role of sediment detention ponds because the weirs will slow down the velocity and reduce the capability of sediment transportation. Therefore, it is crucial to determine how the siltation phenomena upstream of a weir can be fixed. This study examined the sluicing efficiency of the gate operation for the Gumi weir using 2-dimensional numerical simulations.

Abstract: A granular activated carbon sand dual media filter (GSF) was investigated as an advanced water treatment process of waterworks through the pilot test. The results show that the GSFs can remove organic matter in the water effectively instead of the sand filters. During the filtration,the effectiveness of COD_Mn elimination was effective, the average removal rate reached 48.2%. The average pH of the filtered water had dropped from 7.26 to 8.35, indicating that the alkaline environment is necessary for nitrifying bacteria to remain active. The ability of water treatment and quality could be raised and improve the chemical safety of the filtered water.

Abstract: in the River, velocities of surface water flow typically are larger than the near-bottom flow. Combined with background of artificial disturbance sediment, surface water flows is taken to the river bottom to loose and raise sediment, dredge and so as to achieve the purpose of slowing river siltation. Preliminary tests showed that using low-power diversion disturbing sand dredging system, flow velocity of disturbing nozzle is larger than the incipient velocity of sediment, and the purpose of disturbing sediment and sediment transport can be obtained.

Abstract: Under complicated engineering conditions involved with layered soil body and water stop measures, it is difficult to figure out accurate water head drawdown according to empirical formula. In this paper, numerical analysis method is applied to calculate water head drawdown in a foundation pit engineering after confined water is lowered, making settlement calculation possible. Acquisition of calculated settlement value provides reference for evaluating buildings safety state and the feasibility of dewatering scheme.

Abstract: Pipe drainage system is used mostly on urban area, but under the pressure of the rapid urbanization, the disadvantages of traditional pipe drainage system are more and more serious. Analyzed the urban rain flood utilization situation in China and foreign countries, and main problems of traditional pipe drainage system in China, the key technology of comprehensive utilization for urban rain flood is put forward, which contains the multi-function tunnel building based on the concave green fields constructing, permeable bricks laying, reservoir constructing for rain flood collecting. This method can effectively prevent the drought or flood disaster due to inadequate or extensive rain volume and can make full use of rain flood resources too.