Advanced Materials Research Vols. 765-767

Abstract: The effect of modified oil sludge (MOS), CaO₂ and bentonite amounts on the performance of oxygen releasing compounds (ORCs) has been investigated. Results showed that MOS was the primary factor to affect the ORCs performance. Increasing the amount of MOS resulted in extension of the lifetime of ORC; instead, decreasing it would obtain relatively large stable oxygen release rate. Moreover, addition of MOS made significant decrease in initial oxygen release rate. Compared with ORCs without MOS, ORCs with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% MOS had initial oxygen release rates reduced by 15%, 40%, 65% and 65%, respectively. Another characteristic of the MOS was also found. It proved that precipitates generating from oxygen-releasing process, such as calcium and magnesium minerals, could hardly accumulate on the surface of ORC. Addition of MOS reduced the clogging of oxygen diffusion channels caused by the mineral deposition on the surface of ORC; thus, extended the lifetime. The ORC that replaced bentonite with MOS was economical and environment-friendly. One available ORC contained CaO₂ (30%), MOS (5%), cement (30%) and sand (35%); and its stable oxygen release rate was 0.146 g [O₂]/(kg [OR·d) and the lifetime was 187 d.

Abstract: Yeast two-hybrid system was used to investigate the estrogenic activities of 13 kinds of representative endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and their combinary effects. Results show that the order of estrogenic potencies for these chemicals is: 17α-ethynylestradiol>diethylstilbestrol >17β-estradiol>estrone>estriol>branched p-nonylphenol>4-t-octylphenol>bisphenol A>diethyl phthalate>4-n-nonylphenol>di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate>dibutyl phthalate>dimethyl phthalate. The mixture effects of multiple EDCs were compared to those obtained from individual chemicals, using the model of concentration addition. Results reveal that the estrogenicities of multicomponent mixtures of more than three (including three) of EDCs follow antagonistic effects, while there is no definite conclusion for binary systems. The less than additive effects were also confirmed in the spiked experiments conducted in the extracts of real water samples.

Abstract: The reservoir of Lianglitage formaton mainly distribute in the Liang 1~Liang 2 section, and slight amount distribute in Liang 3 section. The microfacies are abundant and, and they apparently affect the development of the reservoir. Based on the geologic feature, we propound the concept:"microfacies combination". It is composed by two or several microfacies, and each microfacies have similar reservoir conditions. Using the seismic facies interpretation, combining the methods of deterministic modeling and stochastic modeling, the "microfacies combination" model is established. Appling the method that "microfacies combination" controls the modeling course, taking the wave impedance which has good corresponding relationship with reservoir as secondary variable, small layer application of stochastic modeling method based on the porosity model is finally established through the stochastic modeling method layer and layer. Considering the crack influence on permeability, the first step is establishing the fracture distribution model, then the permeability model is established taking the fracture distribution as secondary variable, which improves the practicability of permeability model.

Abstract: The offshore areas belong to the marine terrestrial interaction region. There are complex hydrodynamic factors, which influence each others and controlled transport of sediment and contaminant near shore. The paper builds up a wave-current coupling hydrodynamic model with Mike21 software package. After validation and calibration, the model is applied to wave and tidal current simulation on Zhuanghe fishing port project. The results show that the large area flow field is substantially unchanged after project construction and the effect is restricted to a small region near around the fishing port.

Abstract: The laws of pollutant dilution, dispersion and purification are discussed for river networks. And then a calculation model for water demand by pollutant dilution is developed, and methods for determination of the total volume of water diversion and flow rate are also given. With the Zhongmu Baisha district river system as an example, the overall plan and its feasibility are studied. With the calculation model for river networks, and by comparison of various water diversion schemes and assessment of the effect of water diversion, a reasonable scheme and the volume of water diversion are determined. The research provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the water quality guarantee of Zhongmu Baisha district river networks.

Abstract: The concentrations of eight heavy metals were determined in the gills, muscles and livers of River crab that lives around the area named Panjin, located in Liaoning province of China. The results showed that the distribution and enrichment of heavy metals varied significantly in different crab tissues. The concentrations of Cr, Ni and Cu were highest in the gills. The concentrations of As and Cd were similar in the muscles and livers tissues. No significant difference in the concentrations of Hg and Pb was found among tissues. The enhanced accumulation of most metals in the gills suggested that the metals mostly accumulated in river crab via the respiration pathway rather than the uptake of food.

Abstract: This paper discusses the temporal and spatial distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus in the soil with typical crops planted on in Headwater Region of Liao He. The purpose is to provide theoretical basis for the prediction of the non-point source pollution and protection of the environment in Headwater Region of Liao He. The results show that the content of the substance which can be absorbed by plants was higher in the surface soil than that in the bottom soil. The nitrate nitrogen content in soil was lower in autumn than that in spring except normal planting surface soil. And the ammonia nitrogen content was also a little lower in autumn than that in spring except normal planting surface soil and blank control land 1. In autumn, the hydrolyzable nitrogen content in the surface soil was decreased slightly and it was nearly unchanged in the bottom soil. The total nitrogen content was higher in autumn. The content of available phosphorus was a little higher or nearly unchanged in autumn than that in spring, the content of total phosphorus changed irregularly.

Abstract: Sucrose transporters (SUCs or SUTs) are considered as the important carriers and responsible for the loading, unloading and distribution of sucrose, but at present there is no report that SUCs are involved in sucrose distribution and metabolism under drought stress at the whole-plant level. AtSUC4, as the unique member of SUT4-clade in Arabidopsis thaliana, may be important for plant stress tolerance. Here, by analyzing two homozygous mutation lines of AtSUC4 (Atsuc4-1 and Atsuc4-2), we found drought stress induced higher sucrose, lower fructose and glucose contents in shoots, and lower sucrose, higher fructose and glucose contents in roots of these mutants compared with the wild-type (WT), leading to an imbalance of sucrose distribution, fructose and glucose (sucrose metabolites) accumulation changes at the whole-plant level. Thus we believe that AtSUC4 regulates sucrose distribution and metabolism in response to drought stress.

Abstract: In this paper, a health risk model was used to calculate and analyze the water quality monitoring data of the Yangtze River Basin from 2007 to 2009. The data analysis leads to a conclusion that hexavalent chromium is a major health risk factor of those drinking water sources in the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River basin. Based on the health risk analysis, an environment strategy analysis model and the Dynamic Actor Network Analysis (DANA) software were used to study the optimal strategy on the risk management of chromium contamination of those drinking water sources in the Jiangsu Section of the Yangtze River basin.

Abstract: Based on Jilin province and nine cities COD emissions data of 2010, this paper is an attempt to quantitatively analyze the area distribution patterns of two indices (COD emissions per capita and COD emissions per unit production value) as well as their causes. The COD emissions from 2000-2010 and the per capita GDP to establish the environmental learning curve of Jilin province are constructed, in order to analyze the load of emission and potential mitigation. And prediction of the COD emissions discharge trend during the 12^th Five-Year plan, the potential mitigation to make sure the direction of emission reduction is analyzed.The chemical oxygen demand (COD) emissions of Jilin province were 352200 tons in 2010. It was declined by 2.4% over the previous year. These emissions were accomplished 130.5% of the "11th five-year plan" emission reduction task^[1]. However, in the process of urbanization, they continue to accelerate and high-speed economic growth. The task of the COD emission reduction at 8.8% is hard to achieve by 2015. Predictions can be made by using the environment learning curve on the relationship between the COD emissions and Jilin province economic development through environmental statistics. We analysed the potential reduction of COD emission of "twelfth five-year" in Jilin province and determined the direction of emission reduction.